1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-144 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart One Vocabu(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.Sometimes I wish I_in a different time and a different place. A. be living B. were living C. would live D. would have lived（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.The director was critical_the way we were doing the work. A. at B. in C. of D.
2、 with（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.In a sudden_of anger, the man tore up everything within reach. A. attack B. burst C. split D. blast（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she_too long. A. has been reading B. had read C. is reading D. read（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.Niagara Falls is a gr
3、eat tourist_drawing millions of visitors every year. A. attention B. attraction C. appointment D. arrangement（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.Only under special circumstances_to take make-up tests. A. are freshmen permitted B. freshmen are permitted C. permitted are freshmen D. are permitted freshmen（分数：2.00）A.B.
4、C.D.7.I had just started back for the house to change my clothes_I heard voices. A. as B. when C. after D. while（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.h seems oil_from this pipe for some time. Well have to take the machine apart to putit right. A. had leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9
5、.When he arrived, he found_the aged and the sick at home. A. none but B. none other than C. nothing but D. no other than（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.The pressure_causes American to be energetic, but it also puts them trader a con-stant emotional strain. A. to compete B. competing C. to be competed D. having
6、competed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、BPart Tow Readin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、B11-15/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Mary-land, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to “think andconcentrate.“ Spilich put young non-smoker
7、s, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺)of cigarettes through a series of tests.In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a keyas soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smok-ere, deprived smokers and nonsmok
8、ers performed equally well.The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters andrespond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster,but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁) , active smokers were faster than deprive
9、d smok-ere.In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, bul deprivedsmokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it.Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important informa
10、tion than active smokers,and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokerstended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information frominsignificant details.“As our tests became more complex,“ sums up Spilich, “non-s
11、mokers performed better thansmokers by wider and wider margins.“ He predicts, “smokers might perform adequately at manyjobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose,but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.“（分数：10.00）(
12、1).The purpose of George Spilich s experiments is_ A. to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers B. to show how smoking damages people s mental capacity C. to prove that smoking affects people s regular performance D. to find out whether smoking helps people s sh
13、ort-term memory（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).George Spilieh s experiment was conducted in such a way as to_ A. compel the subjects to separate major information from minor details B. put the subjects through increasingly complex tests C. check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokers D. register the prompt r
14、esponses of the subjects（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “bested“ (Line 3, Para. 5) most probably means_ A. beat B. envied C. caught up with D. made the best of（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following statements is true? A. Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers. B. Active
15、smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects. C. Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks. D. Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).We can infer from the last paragraph that_ A. smokers should not expect to b
16、ecome airline pilots B. smoking in emergency eases causes mental illness C. no airline pilots smoke during flights D. smokers may prove unequal to handling emergency cases（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、B16-20/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our i
17、nterper-sonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive sup-port from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of re-sources among people based on their interpersonal ties.Those of us with strong support systems a
18、ppear better able to cope with major life changes anddaily hassles (困难) . People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than thosewithout such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal thatthe presence of social support helps people fend of
19、f (挡开) illness, and the absence of suchsupport makes poor health more likely.Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-work-ers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted byothers despite our faults and diffi
20、cuhies. Second, other people often provide us with informationalsupport. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, wetypically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with othershelps us to meet our social needs while at t
21、he same time distracting (转移注意力) us fromour worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support, a financial aid,material resources, and needed services-that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope withour problems.（分数：10.00）(1).Interpersonal relationships are importan
22、t because A. they are indispensable to people s social well-being B. they waken people s desire to exchange resources C. they help people to cope with life in the information era D. they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Research shows that people s physic
23、al and mental health_ A. relies on the social welfare systems which support them B. has much to do with the amount of support they get from others C. depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles D. is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives（
24、分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the fo!lowing is closest in meaning to the word “cushions“ (Line 1, Para. 3) ? A. Adds up to. B. Does away with. C. Lessens the effect of. D. Lays the foundation for.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of _ A. instrumental sup
25、port B. informational support C. social companionship D. the strengthening of self-respect（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Social companionship is beneficial in that_ A. it helps strengthen our ties with relatives B. it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes C. it makes our leisure-time activities more
26、 enjoyable D. it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、B21-25/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputedrefereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to studyth
27、e performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams.Each mateh lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 mimates during which different refer-ees were in charge.Observers noted down the refereeserrors, of which there were 61
28、over the tournament. Con-verted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkablyhigh number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, hefound that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the inciden
29、t. When the officialsgot it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in thecase of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were m
30、ov-ing at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, football s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing atthe next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance,rather t
31、han rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFA s insistence that referees should retire at age 35 may be misguided. Ifkeeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.（分数：10.00）(1).The experiment conducted by the researcher
32、 was meant to_ A. review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup B. analyse the causes of errors made by football referees C. set a standard for football refereeing D. reexamine the rules for football refereeing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches
33、was_ A. slightly above average B. higher than in the 1998 World Cup C. quite unexpected D. as high as in a standard match（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The findings of the experiment show that_ A. errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball B. the farther the referee is from the incident, th
34、e fewer the errors C. the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur D. errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “officials“ (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to_ A. the researchers involved in the experiment B. the inspectors of
35、the football tournament C. the referees of the football tournament D. the observers at the site of the experiment（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment? A. The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 35. B. Age should not be the chief consi
36、deration in choosing a football referee. C. A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible. D. An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、B26-30/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality
37、 and rationality, but when itcomes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electri-cal engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college witha large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of good labs and
38、research equipment.But that s not what I did.I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts (文科) university that doesn t even offera major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here formore noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me
39、with flexibility and a valuesystem to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interactingwith people who werent studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adultspraised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18
40、 years,and I believed them.I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went tobig engineering “factories“ where they didn t care if you had values or were flexible. I was goingto be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist (人文学者) all in o
41、ne.Now Im not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as allnoble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineer-ing courses with liberal-arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering stu-dents try to re
42、concile (协调) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.The reality that has blocked my path to becoming the typical successful student is that engi-neering and the liberal arts simply dont mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individuallythey shape a person in very different ways l toge
43、ther they threaten to confuse. The struggle to rec-oncile the two fields of study is difficult.（分数：10.00）(1).The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he_ A. wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality B. intended to be a combination of engineer and
44、 humanist C. wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college D. intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineeringstudents can_ A. balance engineering and the liberal ar
45、ts B. receive guidance in their careers C. become noble idealists D. broaden their horizons（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected A. to have an excellent academic record B. to be wise and mature C. to be imaginative with a value system to guide h
46、im D. to be a technical genius with a wide vision（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The authors experience shows that he was_ A. creative B. ambitious C. unrealistic D. irrational（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The word “they“in “together they threaten to confuse“ ( Line 3, Para. 5 ) refers to A. engineering and the liberal
47、 arts B. reality and noble ideals C. flexibility and a value system D. practicality and rationality（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、BPart Three Cloz(总题数：1，分数：20.00)B Drections:For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the choices givenbelow. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by drawi
48、ng with a pencil a short bar acrossthe corresponding letter in the brackets./BIf a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption andhis production. He must store a large quantity of grainU 31 /Uconsuming all his grain immediately.He can continue to support himself and his familyU 32 /Uhe produces a surplus. He must use thissurplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insuranceU 33 /Uthe unpredictable e
