1、南京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI 考试真题 2014 年及答案解析(总分:150.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Part (总题数:15,分数:15.00)1.artificial intelligence (分数:1.00)_2.greenhouse gases (分数:1.00)_3.integrated circuit (分数:1.00)_4.information retrieval (分数:1.00)_5.credit risk (分数:1.00)_6.pay by installment (分数:1.00)_7.press conference (分数:1.00)_8.a
2、rms race (分数:1.00)_9.host city (分数:1.00)_10.budget deficit (分数:1.00)_11.videophone (分数:1.00)_12.economic depression (分数:1.00)_13.guided missile (分数:1.00)_14.aerodynamics (分数:1.00)_15.automatic control (分数:1.00)_二、Part (总题数:15,分数:15.00)16.机器人 (分数:1.00)_17.飞机起落架 (分数:1.00)_18.空调系统 (分数:1.00)_19.最大起飞重量 (
3、分数:1.00)_20.手机短信 (分数:1.00)_21.技术开发 (分数:1.00)_22.雾霾 (分数:1.00)_23.机场航站楼 (分数:1.00)_24.注册资本 (分数:1.00)_25.市场营销 (分数:1.00)_26.欧元区 (分数:1.00)_27.民航业 (分数:1.00)_28.大飞机 (分数:1.00)_29.机长 (分数:1.00)_30.电气工程与自动化 (分数:1.00)_三、Part (总题数:0,分数:0.00)四、Passage 1(总题数:1,分数:30.00)31.In many areas the A380 has proven technolog
4、ies that will become the standard for the next generation of airliners. As one example, the aircraft benefits from a higher proportion of carbon-fibre composite than any previous Airbus aircraft, around 22% compared with 12% for an A340-600 or 9% on a 777. For the first time, this technology has bee
5、n applied to major components such as the centre-wing box. The information and data management requirements for an aircraft as large as the A380 also have placed demands on system design. These have been met in two ways. The aircraft“s system uses 22 computers of 7 different varieties that share all
6、 the functions traditionally handled by individual “black boxes“. Data exchange in the system utilizes a high capacity and high speed datalink with data exchange at a rate of 10 million bits per second, 100 times the capacity of a traditional avionics system. (分数:30.00)_五、Passage 2(总题数:1,分数:30.00)32
7、.The world balance of power is changing. Countries like China, India, Turkey and Brazil are heard from more frequently and on a wider range of subjects. The European Union“s most ambitious global projectcreating a universal treaty to reduce carbon emissionshas collapsed, and EU expansion has slowed
8、to a crawl as Europe turns inward to deal with its debt crisis. Japan has ceded its place as the largest economy in Asia to China and appears increasingly on the defensive in the region as China“s hard and soft powers grow. The international specialists have a label for these changes: American decli
9、ne. The dots look so connectable: The financial crisis, say the experts, comprehensively demonstrated the failure of “Anglo-Saxon“ capitalism. The wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have sapped American strength and, allegedly, destroyed America“s ability to act in the Middle East. Actually, what“s been h
10、appening is just as fateful but much more complex. The United States isn“t in decline, but it is in the midst of a major rebalancing. (分数:30.00)_六、Part (总题数:0,分数:0.00)七、Passage 1(总题数:1,分数:30.00)33.中国政府今年宣布推动的重大项目大飞机公司计划即将迈出第一步。从事大飞机研制的中国商用飞机有限公司将于 11 日在上海挂牌,专家预计,中国自主研发的大型客机将在 2020 年前正式投产。中国商用飞机有限公司注
11、册资本 190 亿元。作为第 152 家中央直属企业,大飞机公司的领导班子已浮出水面,公司的董事长和总经理全部由原国防科工委官员出任。 (分数:30.00)_八、Passage 2(总题数:1,分数:30.00)34.在公元前 5 世纪春秋末期,首先在江苏扬州附近开凿了一条运河,把长江的水引向北面。这条运河最初在公元 7 世纪隋朝时期得到扩长,最后在公元 13 世纪被修成了今天的大运河。大运河在元、明、清三代是中国南北运输的大动脉,为南北经济和文化的交流做出了巨大的贡献。由于南北海运的发展和 19 世纪中期天津至浦口和北京至汉口铁路的开通,大运河的作用被大大地削弱了,很多地段荒废了和被泥沙堵塞
12、了。在新中国成立后,大运河又焕发了生机。除山东地段只能部分通航之外,大运河很多其他的地段在一些季节能通航,从江苏至浙江的 800 千米地段能全年通航。 (分数:30.00)_南京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI 考试真题 2014 年答案解析(总分:150.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Part (总题数:15,分数:15.00)1.artificial intelligence (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:人工智能2.greenhouse gases (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:温室气体3.integrated circuit (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()
13、解析:集成电路4.information retrieval (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:信息检索5.credit risk (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:信用风险6.pay by installment (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:分期付款7.press conference (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:新闻发布会8.arms race (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:军备竞赛9.host city (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:主办城市10.budget deficit (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:预算赤字11.v
14、ideophone (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:可视电话12.economic depression (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:经济萧条13.guided missile (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:导弹14.aerodynamics (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:空气动力学15.automatic control (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:自动控制二、Part (总题数:15,分数:15.00)16.机器人 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:automaton17.飞机起落架 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:land
15、ing gear18.空调系统 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:air conditioning system19.最大起飞重量 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:maximum take-off weight20.手机短信 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:short message21.技术开发 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:technological development22.雾霾 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:fog and haze23.机场航站楼 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:airport terminal24.注册资本 (分数
16、:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:registered capital25.市场营销 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:marketing management26.欧元区 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Eurozone27.民航业 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:civil aviation28.大飞机 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:large passenger aircraft29.机长 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:pilot in command30.电气工程与自动化 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:electrical engin
17、eering and automation三、Part (总题数:0,分数:0.00)四、Passage 1(总题数:1,分数:30.00)31.In many areas the A380 has proven technologies that will become the standard for the next generation of airliners. As one example, the aircraft benefits from a higher proportion of carbon-fibre composite than any previous Airbu
18、s aircraft, around 22% compared with 12% for an A340-600 or 9% on a 777. For the first time, this technology has been applied to major components such as the centre-wing box. The information and data management requirements for an aircraft as large as the A380 also have placed demands on system desi
19、gn. These have been met in two ways. The aircraft“s system uses 22 computers of 7 different varieties that share all the functions traditionally handled by individual “black boxes“. Data exchange in the system utilizes a high capacity and high speed datalink with data exchange at a rate of 10 millio
20、n bits per second, 100 times the capacity of a traditional avionics system. (分数:30.00)_正确答案:()解析:在很多方面,A380 经验证的技术都将成为下一代飞机的标准。例如,与之前的客机相比,飞机采用了更多的碳纤维复合材料,并因此而受益。A380 复合材料的使用比例大约在 22%,A340-600 和 777 的比例则分别为 12%和 9%。这些复合材料技术也首次被应用于如中央翼盒这样的主要的部件生产中。对于类似于 A380 这样的大飞机,信息和数据管理对系统设计提出了要求。这些要求在两个方面得到了满足。飞机
21、的航电系统使用了 7 种类型的 22 台计算机来承担所有功能,而这些功能之前是由各个“黑盒子”执行的。系统数据交换应用了高容量高速以太网数据链,数据交换速度达到了 1000 万比特每秒,是传统航电系统速度的 100 倍。 解析 As one example, the aircraft benefits from a higher proportion of carbon-fibre composite than any previous Airbus aircraft, around 22% compared with 12% for an A340-600 or 9% on a 777. 这
22、句话将 A380 的碳纤维复合材料含量与 A340-600 和 777 进行对比,分别提到了三者的含量值,翻译时,一定要注意数字的准确对应,不要在数字翻译上出现马虎而造成错误。 例如,与之前的客机相比,飞机采用了更多的碳纤维复合材料并因此受益。A380 复合材料的使用比例大约在 22%,A340-600 和 777 的比例则分别为 12%和 9%。 For the first time, this technology has been applied to major components such as the centre-wing box. 这里考生不熟悉的可能是“centre-win
23、g box(中央翼盒)”。中央翼盒与外翼相连,并且将机翼与机身相连。机翼翼盒是机翼的主要承重结构,由前梁、后梁、内部翼肋框架、上下壁板组成。机翼翼盒不仅是保持飞机飞行的主要机翼结构,也承担着飞机油箱的工作。每架飞机拥有两个机翼翼盒,分别装配在左翼和右翼。在飞机总装过程中,机翼翼盒(全称为外侧机翼翼盒)会被装配在飞机机身内部的中央翼盒上,组成一个非常牢固而又灵活的结构,承担着飞机起飞、巡航和着陆过程中大部分的重量和压力。 这些复合材料技术也首次被应用于如中央翼盒这样的主要的部件生产中。 The aircraft“s system uses 22 computers of 7 different
24、varieties that share all the functions traditionally handled by individual “black boxes“. 这句话中的修饰成分较为复杂,翻译时首先需要找出句子的中心结构:“The. system uses computers(系统使用计算机)”。计算机后的修饰成分中包含了“介词 of+名词”的后置修饰语,一个由“that”引导的定语从句修饰前边的“计算机”,定语从句中“functions traditionally handled by individual “black boxes“”补充完整为:“functions(w
25、hich are)traditionally handled by individual “black boxes“”,其中由“which are”引导的定语从句则修饰先行词“functions(功能)”。将这些修饰成分的作用弄明白了,就不难理解并翻译整个句子了。 飞机的航电系统使用了 7 种类型的 22 台计算机来承担所有功能,而这些功能之前是由各个“黑盒子”执行的。五、Passage 2(总题数:1,分数:30.00)32.The world balance of power is changing. Countries like China, India, Turkey and Braz
26、il are heard from more frequently and on a wider range of subjects. The European Union“s most ambitious global projectcreating a universal treaty to reduce carbon emissionshas collapsed, and EU expansion has slowed to a crawl as Europe turns inward to deal with its debt crisis. Japan has ceded its p
27、lace as the largest economy in Asia to China and appears increasingly on the defensive in the region as China“s hard and soft powers grow. The international specialists have a label for these changes: American decline. The dots look so connectable: The financial crisis, say the experts, comprehensiv
28、ely demonstrated the failure of “Anglo-Saxon“ capitalism. The wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have sapped American strength and, allegedly, destroyed America“s ability to act in the Middle East. Actually, what“s been happening is just as fateful but much more complex. The United States isn“t in decline
29、, but it is in the midst of a major rebalancing. (分数:30.00)_正确答案:()解析:世界力量均势正在发生改变。在日渐广泛的议题上,人们越来越频繁地听取中国、印度、土耳其和巴西等国的意见。欧盟最雄心勃勃的全球性工程订立各国一致遵守的减少碳排放协议的计划已经流产,而随着欧洲着眼于解决自身债务危机,欧盟的经济扩张也放缓至龟速。日本已将亚洲最大经济体的宝座让给了中国,并且随着中国软硬两方面的实力不断增强,日本在亚洲似乎日益处于防守态势。各国分析人士给上述变化贴上了一个标签:美国的衰落。这些点看上去是紧密相连的:专家说,金融危机全面展示了英美资本主
30、义的失败。阿富汗与伊拉克战争削弱了美国的力量,据说也破坏了美国在中东的行动能力。实际上,这些变化有如命定,但究其原因却更为复杂。美国并不是在走下坡路,而是正在经历重大调整。 解析 Countries like China, India, Turkey and Brazil are heard from more frequently and on a wider range of subjects. 与 hear 搭配的介词结构 hear from 有“听说、得知、听取、审理”这几个义项,在这里,指的是在国际舞台上,发展中国家的意见更多地被“听取”。 在日渐广泛的议题上,人们越来越频繁地听取中国、印度、土耳其和巴西等国的意见。 The European Union“s most ambitious global projectcreating a universal treaty to reduc