1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 150 及答案解析(总分：136.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_For many people, emotions are a scary thing. 【C1】_of the problem is that we just
2、dont know what to do with them, according to Darlene Mininni, Ph. D, author of The Emotional Toolkit. So we adopt the only strategies we【C2】_know. If youre a man, you might distract yourself【C3】_playing video games, tinkering with your tools or drinking alcohol, she said. If youre a woman, you might
3、 shop or eat. 【C4】_to these tools occasionally is OK, Mininni said. Making them part of your regular coping repertoire, however, is problematic. Emotions are valuable, and【C5】_a bounty of benefits. Emotions send us important messages and help us connect with others and accomplish great things, Minin
4、ni said. Using【C6】_strategies, however, can sabotage our relationships, job and even our health, Mininni said. In fact, people who handle stress effectively have healthier immune systems, dont get sick as often and age【C7】_16 years more slowly than people who dont. Theres actually【C8】_consensus on w
5、hat an emotion is, and scientists may have various interpretations. Mininni【C9】_emotions as a “full-body experience,“ an interplay between our thoughts and physical sensations. For instance, a kind of giddy happiness and anxiety have the same sensations, such as tight muscles and a【C10】_heart. What
6、determines whether we feel happy or anxious are our thoughts. Mininni said that all emotions【C11】_into these categories: anxiety, sadness, anger and happiness. In order to identify the【C12】_of your emotion, ask yourself these questions: Anxiety: What am I afraid of? Sadness; What have I lost? Anger:
7、 How have I or my values been attacked? Happiness; What have I gained? Once youve identified your emotional state, the last step is to take【C13】_. Ask yourself if theres anything you can do to solve the situation, Mininni said. If there is, consider what you can do. If theres【C14】_you can do, determ
8、ine how you can cope with the emotion, she said. Mininni suggested meditating, getting social support, writing, exercising and seeking therapy. Think of these strategies as an emotional toolkit. You simply【C15】_your kit, and pick out the healthy tool you need, Mininni said. In fact, you can create a
9、n real toolkit, and pack it with【C16】_items such as sneakers, your journal, funny films, favorite books and a list of people youd like to call when youre【C17】_. The strategies that work best will【C18】_with each person, depending on your personality, physiology and other individual factors, Mininni s
10、aid. For some people, running works wonders in alleviating anxiety. For others, meditation is【C19】_. Emotions may seem confusing and threatening but applying the above practical and clear-cut approach reveals emotions for【C20】_they really are; useful, informative and far from murky.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1
11、】（分数：2.00）A.ApartB.PartC.A portionD.Portion(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.doB.dontC.didD.didnt(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.byB.fromC.intoD.to(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.ApplyingB.GoingC.TurningD.Using(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.deriveB.obtainC.offerD.weigh(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.healthyB.unhealthyC.soundD.innovative(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.prior toB
12、.next toC.near toD.up to(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.aB.anC.noD.the(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.definesB.discussesC.explainsD.illustrates(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.bigB.poundingC.strongD.weak(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.belongB.fallC.goD.move(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.burdenB.conflictC.intimacyD.message(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.actionB.adviceC
13、.aimD.attitude(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.anythingB.everythingC.nothingD.something(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.choose betweenB.decide amongC.reach intoD.think about(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.comfortingB.comfortedC.comfortableD.comfort(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.exhilaratedB.happyC.jealousD.upset(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.stayB.stick
14、C.varyD.value(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.badB.worseC.fineD.better(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.howB.whatC.whyD.whether二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：52.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._The coast
15、of the state of Maine is one of the most irregular in the world. A straight line running from the southernmost coastal city to the northernmost coastal city would measure about 225 miles. If you followed the coastline between these points, you would travel more than ten times as far. This irregulari
16、ty is the result of what is called a drowned coastline. The term comes from the glacial activity of the ice age. At that time, the whole area that is now Maine was part of a mountain range that towered above the sea. As the glacier descended, however, it expended enormous force on those mountains, a
17、nd they sank into the sea. As the mountains sank, ocean water charged over the lowest parts of the remaining land, forming a series of twisting inlets and lagoons of contorted grottos and nooks. The highest parts of the former mountain range, nearest the shore, remained as islands. Mt. Desert Island
18、 is one of the most famous of all the islands left behind by the glacier. Marine fossils found here were 225 feet above sea level, indicating the level of the shoreline prior to the glacier. The 2,500-mile-long rocky and jagged coastline of Maine keeps watch over nearly two thousand islands. Many of
19、 these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are home to thriving communities. Mt. Desert Island is one of the largest, most beautiful of the Maine coast islands. Measuring 16 miles by 12 miles, Mt. Desert was essentially formed as two distinct islands. It is split almost in half by Somes Sound
20、, a deep and narrow stretch of water, seven miles long. For years, Mt. Desert Island, particularly its major settlement, Bar Harbor, afforded summer homes for the wealthy. Recendy though, Bar Harbor has become a burgeoning arts community as well. But, the best part of the island is the unspoiled for
21、est land known as Acadia National Park. Because the island sits on the boundary line between the temperate and sub-Arctic zones, the island supports the flora and fauna of both zones as well as beach, inland, and alpine plants. It also lies in a major bird migration lane and is a resting spot for ma
22、ny birds. The establishment of Acadia National Park in 1916 means that this natural reserve will be perpetually available to all people, not just the wealthy. Visitors to Acadia may receive nature instruction from the park naturalists as well as enjoy camping, hiking, cycling , and boating. Or they
23、may choose to spend time at the archeological museum, learning about the Stone Age inhabitants of the island. The best view on Mt. Desert Island is from the top of Cadillac Mountain. This mountain rises 1,532 feet, making it the highest mountain on the Adantic seaboard. From the summit, you can gaze
24、 back toward the mainland or out over the Atlantic Ocean and contemplate the beauty created by a retreating glacier.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following lists of topics best outlines the information in the selection?（分数：2.00）A.Ice-age glacial activity The Islands of Casco Bay Formation of Cadillac M
25、ountain Summer residents of Mt. Desert IslandB.Formation of a drowned coastline The topography of Mt. Desert Island The environment of Mt. Desert Island Tourist attractions on Mt. Desert IslandC.Mapping the Maine coasdine The arts community at Bar Harbor History of the National Park System Climbing
26、Cadillac MountainD.The effect of glaciers on small islands Stone-age dwellers on Mt. Desert Island The importance of biodiversity Hiking in Acadia National Park(2).According to the selection, a large number of small islands along the coast of Maine are the result of_.（分数：2.00）A.glaciers forcing a mo
27、untain range into the seaB.Maines location between the temperate and sub-Arctic zonesC.the irregularity of the Maine coastD.the need for summer communities for wealthy tourists and artists(3).According to the selection, the coast of Maine is_.（分数：2.00）A.2,500 miles longB.3,500 miles longC.225 miles
28、longD.235 miles long(4).The content of the fourth paragraph indicates that the writer believes that_.（分数：2.00）A.the continued existence of national parks is threatened by budget cutsB.the best way to preserve the environment on Mt. Desert Island is to limit the number of visitorsC.national parks all
29、ow large numbers of people to visit and learn about interesting wilderness areasD.Mt. Desert Island is the most interesting tourist attraction in Maine(5).Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the fourth paragraph of the selection?（分数：2.00）A.The wealthy residents of Mt. D
30、esert Island selfishly kept it to themselves.B.Acadia National Park is one of the smallest of the national parks.C.On Mt. Desert Island, there is great tension between the year-round residents and the summer tourists.D.Due to its location and environment, Mt. Desert Island supports an incredibly div
31、erse animal and plant life.The lives of the Ancient Greeks revolved around eris, a concept by which they defined the universe. They believed that the world existed in a condition of opposites. If there was good, then there was evil, if there was love, then there was hatred; joy, then sorrow; war the
32、n peace; and so on. The Greeks believed that good eris occured when one held a balanced outlook on life and coped with problems as they arose. It was a kind of ease of living that came from trying to bring together the great opposing forces in nature. Bad eris was evident in the violent conditions t
33、hat ruled mens lives. Although these things were found in nature and sometimes could not be controlled, it was believed that bad eris occurred when one ignored a problem, letting it grow larger until it destroyed not only that person, but his family as well. The Ancient Greeks saw eris as a goddess:
34、 Eris, the Goddess of Discord, better known as Trouble. One myth that expresses this concept of bad eris deals with the marriage of King Peleus and the river goddess Thetis. Zeus, the supreme ruler, learns that Thetis would bear a child strong enough to destroy its father. Not wanting to father his
35、own ruin, Zeus convinces Thetis to marry a human, a mortal whose child could never challenge the gods. He promises her, among other things, the greatest wedding in all of Heaven and Earth and allows the couple to invite whomever they please. This is one of the first mixed marriages of Greek Mytholog
36、y and the lesson learned from it still applies today. They do invite everyone. . . except Eris, the Goddess of Discord. In other words, instead of facing the problems brought on by a mixed marriage, they turn their backs on them. They refused to deal directly with their problems and the result is tr
37、agic. In her fury, Eris arrives, ruins the wedding, causes a jealous feud between the three major goddesses over a golden apple, and sets in place the conditions that lead to the Trojan War. The war would take place 20 years in the future, but it would result in the death of the only child of the br
38、ide and groom, Achilles. Eris would destroy the parents hopes for their future, leaving the couple with no legitimate heirs to the throne. Hence, when we are told,“ If you dont invite trouble, trouble comes,“ it means that if we dont deal with our problems, our problems will deal with us. . . with a
39、 vengeance! It is easy to see why the Greeks considered many of their myths learning myths, for this one teaches us the best way to defeat that which can destroy us.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, the ancient Greeks believed that the concept of eris defined the universe_.（分数：2.00）A.as a host
40、ile, violent placeB.as a condition of oppositesC.as a series of problemsD.as a mixture of gods and man(2).Most specifically, bad eris is defined in the passage as_.（分数：2.00）A.the violent conditions of lifeB.the problems man encountersC.the evil goddess who has a golden appleD.the murderer of generat
41、ions(3).It can be inferred that Zeus married Thetis off because_.（分数：2.00）A.he needed to buy the loyalty of a great king of mankindB.he feared the gods would create bad eris by competing over herC.he feared the Trojan War would be fought over herD.he feared having an affair with her and, subsequentl
42、y, a child by her(4).It can also be inferred that Zeus did not fear a child sired by King Peleus because_.（分数：2.00）A.he knew that the child could not climb Mt. OlympusB.he knew that the child would be killed in the Trojan WarC.he knew that no matter how strong a mortal child was, he couldnt overthro
43、w an immortal godD.he knew that Thetis would always love him above everyone else(5).According to the passage, Achilles_.（分数：2.00）A.defeated Zeus during the Trojan WarB.dies during the Trojan WarC.was born 20 years after the war because of the disruption Eris caused at the weddingD.was the illegitima
44、te son of PeleusThe immune system is equal in complexity to the combined intricacies of the brain and nervous system. The success of the immune system in defending the body relies on a dynamic regulatory communications network consisting of millions and millions of cells. Organized into sets and sub
45、sets, these cells pass information back and forth like clouds of bees swarming around a hive. The result is a sensitive system of checks and balances that produces an immune response that is prompt, appropriate, effective, and self-limiting. At the heart of the immune system is the ability to distin
46、guish between self and non-self. When immune defenders encounter cells or organisms carrying foreign or non-self molecules, the immune troops move quickly to eliminate the intruders. Virtually every body cell carries distinctive molecules that identify it as self. The bodys immune defenses do not no
47、rmally attack tissues that carry a self-marker. Rather, immune cells and other body cells coexist peaceably in a state known as self-tolerance. When a normally functioning immune system attacks a non-self molecule, the system has the ability to remember the specifics of the foreign body. Upon subseq
48、uent encounters with the same species of molecules, the immune system reacts accordingly. With the possible exception of antibodies passed during lactation, this so-called immune system memory is not inherited. Despite the occurrence of a virus in your family, your immune system must learn from experience with the many millions of distinctive non-self molecules in the sea of microbes in which we live. Learning entails producing the appropriate molecules and cells to ma
