1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 125 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Much of the world should go on a diet in 2014. More than a third of adults【C1】
2、_were estimated to be【C2】_or obese in 2008, according to a report by the Overseas Development Institute(ODI), a think tank in London. That“s a 23 per cent increase on 1980. In the last three decades, the number of adults estimated to be obese in the developing world has almost quadrupled to 904 mill
3、ion, overtaking the number in【C3】_countries. “The most shocking thing is the degree to which obesity is now【C4】_developing as well as developed economies,“ says Tim Lobstein of the International Association for the Study of Obesity in London. “The problems【C5】_by overconsumption of fats and【C6】_are
4、now global, not just Western, problems.“ The rise is【C7】_to a “creeping homogeni-sation“(spreading)of diets across the world, says the report, which says rising【C8】_, advertising and globalisation all play a part It criticizes policy-makers in most countries for being slow or【C9】_to tackle the probl
5、em. “We see a big【C10】_in what governments recommend people eat as part of their【C11】_campaigns and what people actually eat,“ says Sharada Keats. “We need governments to【C12】_the scale of the problem and start putting in place【C13】_steps to tackle it“ Some countries have【C14】_to go against the grai
6、n and【C15】_. For example, South Koreans ate four times more【C16】_in 2008 than they did in 1980. The report【C17】_this to government health drives, which include【C18】_programs on how to【C19】_low-fat meals, showing what governments can do when they【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.individuallyB.depen
7、dentlyC.globallyD.partially(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.slimB.healthyC.overweightD.unhealthy(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.richB.poorC.remoteD.uncultured(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.acceleratingB.benefitingC.affectingD.increasing(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.passedB.causedC.droppedD.stood(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.saltsB.vegetablesC.peppersD.sugars(
8、7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.friendlyB.linkedC.usedD.supposed(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.pricesB.outcomesC.incomesD.consumers(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.voluntaryB.effectiveC.positiveD.unwilling(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.gapB.mistakeC.blankD.stick(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.sugarB.nutritionC.proteinD.salt(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.denyB.avoidC.ac
9、knowledgeD.neglect(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.milderB.slowerC.weakerD.stronger(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.managedB.plannedC.decidedD.intended(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.damageB.improveC.decreaseD.consume(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.pickleB.supperC.fruitD.fat(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.showsB.attributesC.contributesD.gives(18).【C18】（分数
10、：2.00）A.trainingB.insuranceC.preventionD.volunteering(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.disposeB.reviewC.prepareD.ignore(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.demandB.proposeC.interveneD.actIt“s easy to scare people about what“s in their food, but the danger is almost never real. And the【C1】_itself kills. Take the panic【C2】_geneti
11、cally modified organisms, or GMOs. Ninety percent of all corn grown in America is genetically modified now. That means it grew from a seed that scientists【C3】_by playing with its genes. The new genes may make corn grow faster, or they may make it less【C4】_to bugs so farmers can use【C5】_pest-killing
12、chemicals. This【C6】_some people. GMOs are “unnatural,“ they say. A【C7】_from the movie “Seeds of Death“ warns that eating GMOs “causes multiple organ system【C8】_.“ Michael Hansen of Consumer Reports sounds almost as【C9】_when he talks about GMOs. He says, “You can“t control【C10】_you“re inserting that
13、genetic information; it can have different effects【C11】_on the location.“ Jon Entine of Genetic Literacy Project responds: “We“ve eaten about 7 trillion meals in the 18 years 【C12】_GMOs first came on the market. There“s not one documented instance of someone getting so【C13】_as a cough.“ Given all th
14、e fear from【C14】_and activists, you might be surprised to learn that most serious scientists【C15】_with him. “There have been about 2,000 studies,“ says Entine, and “there is no【C16】_of human harm in a major peer-reviewed journal.“ That might be enough to reassure people if they knew how widespread a
15、nd familiar GMOs really arebut【C17】_they think of GMOs as something strange and new, they think more tests are needed. 【C18】_people don“t worry about crops bred in【C19】_varieties for centuries without farmers having any idea exactly what genetic changes【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.consumption
16、B.moodC.offenseD.fear(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.onB.overC.fromD.off(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.investedB.definedC.alteredD.monitored(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.abundantB.addictedC.artificialD.appetizing(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.fewerB.moreC.betterD.further(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.interruptsB.upsetsC.accusesD.shocks(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.subj
17、ectB.sceneC.seriesD.segment(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.lackB.absenceC.failureD.fault(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.frighteningB.detectingC.disputingD.revealing(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.howB.thatC.whereD.what(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.lyingB.insistingC.carryingD.depending(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.asC.afterD.when(13).【C13】（分数：2.00
18、）A.badlyB.muchC.deadlyD.little(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.mediaB.missionC.mannerD.promotion(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.interfereB.complyC.agreeD.involve(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.visionB.exceptionC.releaseD.evidence(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.as long asB.even ifC.unlessD.in case(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.YetB.StillC.ConsequentlyD.S
19、o(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.identicalB.randomC.adequateD.scarce(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.reservedB.generatedC.witnessedD.occurred考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 125 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered
20、blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Much of the world should go on a diet in 2014. More than a third of adults【C1】_were estimated to be【C2】_or obese in 2008, according to a report by the Overseas Development Institute(ODI), a think tank in London. That“s a 23 per cent increase on 1980. In the
21、last three decades, the number of adults estimated to be obese in the developing world has almost quadrupled to 904 million, overtaking the number in【C3】_countries. “The most shocking thing is the degree to which obesity is now【C4】_developing as well as developed economies,“ says Tim Lobstein of the
22、 International Association for the Study of Obesity in London. “The problems【C5】_by overconsumption of fats and【C6】_are now global, not just Western, problems.“ The rise is【C7】_to a “creeping homogeni-sation“(spreading)of diets across the world, says the report, which says rising【C8】_, advertising a
23、nd globalisation all play a part It criticizes policy-makers in most countries for being slow or【C9】_to tackle the problem. “We see a big【C10】_in what governments recommend people eat as part of their【C11】_campaigns and what people actually eat,“ says Sharada Keats. “We need governments to【C12】_the
24、scale of the problem and start putting in place【C13】_steps to tackle it“ Some countries have【C14】_to go against the grain and【C15】_. For example, South Koreans ate four times more【C16】_in 2008 than they did in 1980. The report【C17】_this to government health drives, which include【C18】_programs on how
25、 to【C19】_low-fat meals, showing what governments can do when they【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.individuallyB.dependentlyC.globally D.partially解析：解析：根据本文首句的 Much of the world，推断此处需要一个与 world 对应的词，故选 C 项globally“全球地”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.slimB.healthyC.overweight D.unhealthy解析：解析：此处需要一个与 oberse“肥胖
26、的”意思相近的形容词，并且是 2014 年大部分人要节食的原因，所以选择 C 项 overweight“超重的”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.rich B.poorC.remoteD.uncultured解析：解析：此处讲“在过去的 30 年，发展中国家估计患有肥胖症的成年人翻了四番，已经超过了国家”，故此处填入一个与 developing“发展中的”相对的形容词，A 项 rich“富裕的”符合要求。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.acceleratingB.benefitingC.affecting D.increasing解析：解析：本段最后一句提到 The problem
27、sare now global，这里的 The problems 指的是“跟过度食用肥肉相关的问题”，这说明肥胖问题已经是全球化的。由此可推断肥胖也势必影响全球经济，故选 C 项 affecting“影响”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.passedB.caused C.droppedD.stood解析：解析：此处的 The problems 指代的是 obesity“肥胖症”。而空格后意为“过度食用肥肉”，过度食用肥肉会导致肥胖。故选 B 项 caused“引发”，caused by 表示“由引起的”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.saltsB.vegetablesC.pep
28、persD.sugars 解析：解析：此空与 fats 并列，且与肥胖相关，根据 fats 跟肥胖的关系，可知 D 项 sugars“糖”符合要求，因为过量食糖也会导致肥胖。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.friendlyB.linked C.usedD.supposed解析：解析：此处主语为 The rise“肥胖症人数的增长”。空格后为“饮食习惯的传播”。肥胖症是由饮食引起的，而世界各地饮食习惯传播正是导致肥胖人数增长的一个原因，故选 B 项，be linkedto 意为“与相关”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.pricesB.outcomesC.incomes D.cons
29、umers解析：解析：rising与 advertising 和 globalisation 并列，一起解释造成肥胖症人数增长的原因。文章首段提及“2014 年世界上大多数人都要节食”，“2008 年约有三分之一的成年过于肥胖”，这说明从整体而言人们吃得好了，生活水平提高了。故选 C 项 incomes“收入”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.voluntaryB.effectiveC.positiveD.unwilling 解析：解析：该句大意为“很多国家由于在处理这个问题上拖延或者而备受谴责”。此处需要一个形容词与 slow 并列，并且表示消极意义。故选 D 项 unwilling“
30、不情愿的”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.gap B.mistakeC.blankD.stick解析：解析：空格后提及了“政府推荐人们吃的”和“人们实际上吃的”。“政府推荐的”应该是健康的，而现实中很多人患有肥胖症，说明人们吃的很不健康。故推断“政府推荐吃的”和“人们实际吃的”之间差别很大，所以选 A 项 gap“差距”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.sugarB.nutrition C.proteinD.salt解析：解析：此处需要一个词来修饰 campaign，而这个运动的倡导者是政府，本文的主题是肥胖症。再联系空格前的 what government recomm
31、end people to eat，既然是政府推荐人们吃的，应该是营养均衡且不易使人发胖的，所以此处应该选择 B 项 nutrition“营养”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.denyB.avoidC.acknowledge D.neglect解析：解析：空格前为 governments“政府”，空格后面为 the scale of the problem“问题的严重性”，后半句提及“开始实施一些具体措施来解决这个问题”。解决问题前应先承认问题的严重性。故选 C 项acknowledge“承认”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.milderB.slowerC.weaker
32、D.stronger 解析：解析：上文提及问题的严重性，而此处需要填入一个词来修饰 steps to tackle it。由于问题严重，所以采取的措施应该比较强硬，故选 D 项 stronger“更强硬的，更有力的”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.managed B.plannedC.decidedD.intended解析：解析：空格前的 to go against the gram 意为“走相反的方向，背道而驰”。上一段开头提及“大多数国家的政策制定者因为拖延处理这个问题而备受谴责”。而此处提到“有些国家走相反的方向”，说明这些国家对于肥胖问题的态度是积极的。且下文韩国的例子也说
33、明这些国家成功做到了，故选A 项 managed“设法做到”。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.damageB.improve C.decreaseD.consume解析：解析：上一段的开头提及“大多数国家的政策制定者因为拖延处理这个问题而备受谴责”。而此处提到“有些国家走相反方向”，说明这些国家对于肥胖问题的态度是积极的，故选 B 项 improve“改善”改善饮食。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.pickleB.supperC.fruit D.fat解析：解析：上一段提及“很多国家的政策制定者因为在处理肥胖问题上很慢以及而受谴责”。有些国家(比如韩国)走相反道路，故推断韩
34、国的饮食是健康的，C 项 fruit“水果”属于健康食品，符合要求。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.showsB.attributes C.contributesD.gives解析：解析：空格后的 this 指“这些走相反方向的国家迅速采取行动处理肥胖问题”。紧接下来的government health drives“政府推广健康饮食的行动”明显是水果食用量增多(即饮食更健康)的原因，故选 B 项，attribute sthto sth意为“把归功于”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.training B.insuranceC.preventionD.volunteerin
35、g解析：解析：空格后提及 how tolow-fat meals“如何低脂餐”，“如何低脂餐”应需要别人指导，故选与“指导”相关的 A 项 training“培训的”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.disposeB.reviewC.prepare D.ignore解析：解析：要解决国家范围内的肥胖问题，行之有效的办法是大家吃低脂餐，而要吃低脂餐必须先学会做。故选 C 项 prepare“准备，做”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.demandB.proposeC.interveneD.act 解析：解析：which 引导的非限制性定语从句解释说明前面的“政府推广健康饮食的
36、行动”，可推断这些项目都是政府的所作所为，故选 D 项 act“行动”，与前面的 programs“政府项目”相呼应。It“s easy to scare people about what“s in their food, but the danger is almost never real. And the【C1】_itself kills. Take the panic【C2】_genetically modified organisms, or GMOs. Ninety percent of all corn grown in America is genetically modif
37、ied now. That means it grew from a seed that scientists【C3】_by playing with its genes. The new genes may make corn grow faster, or they may make it less【C4】_to bugs so farmers can use【C5】_pest-killing chemicals. This【C6】_some people. GMOs are “unnatural,“ they say. A【C7】_from the movie “Seeds of Dea
38、th“ warns that eating GMOs “causes multiple organ system【C8】_.“ Michael Hansen of Consumer Reports sounds almost as【C9】_when he talks about GMOs. He says, “You can“t control【C10】_you“re inserting that genetic information; it can have different effects【C11】_on the location.“ Jon Entine of Genetic Lit
39、eracy Project responds: “We“ve eaten about 7 trillion meals in the 18 years 【C12】_GMOs first came on the market. There“s not one documented instance of someone getting so【C13】_as a cough.“ Given all the fear from【C14】_and activists, you might be surprised to learn that most serious scientists【C15】_w
40、ith him. “There have been about 2,000 studies,“ says Entine, and “there is no【C16】_of human harm in a major peer-reviewed journal.“ That might be enough to reassure people if they knew how widespread and familiar GMOs really arebut【C17】_they think of GMOs as something strange and new, they think mor
41、e tests are needed. 【C18】_people don“t worry about crops bred in【C19】_varieties for centuries without farmers having any idea exactly what genetic changes【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.consumptionB.moodC.offenseD.fear 解析：解析：第 1 段提及 scare，danger，kills 等词语，推断讨论的话题应该是负面的。第 2 段开头部分提及 panic“恐慌”。D 项
42、fear 与 scare 和 panic 都为近义词，实现了词语同义复现，符合上下文逻辑，故答案选 D。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.onB.over C.fromD.off解析：解析：第 2 段提到“转基因食品”的好处，而第 3 段第 2 句则讲有些人担忧，认为“转基因食品不是天然的”，由此可推测第 2 段是对第 1 段的举例，take 在这里应为“以为例”的意思，此处意为“以人们对转基因的恐惧为例”。panic over表示“对的恐惧”，因此选 B 项 over。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.investedB.definedC.altered D.monitored解析：
43、解析：根据常识，科学家通过“捣鼓基因”能改变作物的种子，因此选 C 项 altered“改变”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.abundantB.addictedC.artificialD.appetizing 解析：解析：此处填入形容词，说明改良玉米和 bugs“害虫”之间的关系，此处应该表示积极色彩，即表示“不招惹害虫”，D 项 appetizing“开胃的，刺激食欲的”，跟 less 相连，符合语义。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.fewer B.moreC.betterD.further解析：解析：空格前提到，改良后的基因能使玉米不那么招惹害虫，从而推断农场可以减少使用杀
44、虫剂，因此选 A 项 fewer。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.interruptsB.upsets C.accusesD.shocks解析：解析：空格前的 This 指代上一段所述内容，即转基因农作物种种“非自然的”优势，而本段的unnatural“非天然的”、warns“警告”、causes“引起问题”则说明了人们对转基因食品的疑虑，故填入的词应含负面义，因此 B 项 upsets“使不安，心烦”符合上下文语义逻辑。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.subjectB.scene C.seriesD.segment解析：解析：空格需填的词应是 warns 的主语，且与 movie
45、 有关。因此 B 项 scene“场景”符合要求，代入后表示“电影场景警示着人们”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.lackB.absenceC.failure D.fault解析：解析：空格填入名词，作 causes 的宾语，即“导致多种器官的”，四个选项均是负面的结果，但只有 C 项 failure 可表示“衰退”，能与器官搭配使用，因此选 C。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.frightening B.detectingC.disputingD.revealing解析：解析：空格前的 almost as“和几乎一样”表明本段是顺承上文语义，继续讲述对转基因食品的疑虑，且 Mi
46、zhael 的引言中也含表否定意义的 can“t control，据此可推测 Michael 也认为转基因食品会带来坏处。根据上下文同义复现的 scare，fear，panic，upsets 等词，可知正确答案应是它们的同类词 A 项 frightening。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.howB.thatC.where D.what解析：解析：空格后应为 control 的宾语从句，该从句的成分完整，因此推断空格处需要填入疑问副词，段落最末的词语是 location，因此 C 项 where 符合上下文逻辑。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.lyingB.insistin
47、gC.carryingD.depending 解析：解析：此处需填入的动词与后边的介词 on 构成固定搭配。根据空格前的意思differenteffects可以大致推理出本句的完整意思是：不同的插入位置，就会有不同的后果。故选择 D项，depend on 意为“依赖，依靠”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.since B.asC.afterD.when解析：解析：本句主句的时态为现在完成时(“ve eaten)，其时间状语通常为“since+过去时间”，故选择 A 项 since。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.badlyB.much C.deadlyD.little解析：解析：根据上下文逻辑，此句大意是“没有书面记录显示有人因此而患病，哪怕是一声咳嗽的情况都没有”。not so much as 表示“甚至于没有，甚至不”，符合句意，故选择 B 项 much。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.media B.missionC.mannerD.promotion解析：解析：空格与 activists 并列，由此可以知道填入的词语义上应与 activists“活跃分子”对应，而 activists 指上文所提到的对转基因食品感到害怕
