1、考研英语（翻译）模拟试卷 73 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.（分数：10.00）_Vinton Cerf, known as the father of the Internet, said
2、 on Wednesday that the Web was outgrowing the planet Earth and the time had come to take the information superhighway to outer space. “The Internet is growing quickly, and we still have a lot of work to do to cover the planet.“ Cerf told the first day of the annual conference of Internet Society in
3、Geneva where more than 1 500 cyberspace fans have gathered to seek answers to questions about the tangled web of the Internet. 【F1】 Cerf believed that it would soon be possible to send real-time science data on the Internet from a space mission orbiting another planet such as Mars. “There is now an
4、effort under way to design and build an interplanetary Internet. The space research community is coming closer and closer and merging. We think that we will see interplanetary Internet networks that look very much like the ones we use today.【F2】 We will need interplanetary gateways and there will be
5、 protocols to transmit data between these gateways.“ Cerf said. Francois Fluckiger, a scientist attending the conference from the European Particle Physics Laboratory near Geneva, was not entirely convinced, saying: “We need dreams like this. But I dont know any Martian whom Id like to communicate w
6、ith through the Internet.“ Cerf has been working with NASAs Pasadena Jet Propulsion Laboratorythe people behind the recent Mars expeditionto design what he calls an “interplanetary Internet protocol“.【F3】 He believes that astronauts will want to use the Internet, although special problems remain wit
7、h interference and delay. “This is quite real. The effort is becoming extraordinarily concrete over the next few months because the next Mars mission is in planning stages now,“ Cerf told the conference, “If we use domain names like Earth or Mars . jet propulsion laboratory people would be coming to
8、gether with people from the Internet community.“ He added, “【F4】 The idea is to take the interplanetary Internet design and make it a part of the infrastructure of the Mars mission.“ He later told a news conference that designing this system now would prepare mankind for future technological advance
9、s. “The whole idea is to create an architecture so the design works anywhere. I dont know where were going to have to put it but my guess is that well be going out there some time,“ Cerf said, “【F5】 If you think 100 years from now, it is entirely possible that what will be purely research 50 years f
10、rom now will become commercial 100 years from now. The Internet was the sameit started as pure research but now it is commercialized.“（分数：10.00）(1).【F1】（分数：2.00）_(2).【F2】（分数：2.00）_(3).【F3】（分数：2.00）_(4).【F4】（分数：2.00）_(5).【F5】（分数：2.00）_【F1】 For more than two decades, U.S. courts have been limiting aff
11、irmative-action programs in universities and other areas. The legal rationale is that racial preferences are unconstitutional, even those intended to compensate for racism or intolerance. For many colleges, this means students can be admitted only on merit, not on their race or ethnicity. It has bee
12、n a divisive issue across the U.S., as educators blame the prolonged reaction to affirmative-action for declines in minority admissions. Meanwhile, activists continue to battle race preferences in courts from Michigan to North Carolina. 【F2】 Now, chief executives of about two dozen companies have de
13、cided to plunge headfirst into this politically unsettled debate. They, together with 36 universities and 7 nonprofitable organizations, formed a forum that set forth an action plan essentially designed to help colleges circumvent court-imposed restrictions on affirmative action. The CEOs motive: “O
14、ur audience is growing more diverse, so the communities we serve benefit if our employees are racially and ethnically diverse as well“, says one CEO of a company that owns nine television stations. Among the steps the forum is pushing: finding creative yet legal ways to boost minority enrollment thr
15、ough new admissions policies; promoting admissions decisions that look at more than test scores; and encouraging universities to step up their minority outreach and financial aid.【F3】 And to counter accusations by critics to challenge these tactics in court, the group says it will give legal assista
16、nce to colleges sued for trying them.“ Diversity diminished by the court must be made up for in other legitimate, legal ways,“ says a forum member. One of the more controversial methods advocated is the so-called 10% rule.【F4】 The idea is for public universitieswhich educate three-quarters of all U.
17、S. undergraduatesto admit students who are in the top 10% of their high school graduating class. 【F5】 Doing so allows colleges to take minorities who excel in average urban schools, even if they wouldn t have made the cut under the current statewide ranking many universities use.（分数：10.00）(1).【F1】（分
18、数：2.00）_(2).【F2】（分数：2.00）_(3).【F3】（分数：2.00）_(4).【F4】（分数：2.00）_(5).【F5】（分数：2.00）_【F1】 One meaning of the Greek word “dran“ is to accomplish, and in this meaning lies a further key to the structure of drama. A play concerns a human agent attempting to accomplish some purpose. In tragedy his attempt is
19、, in personal terms at least, unsuccessful; in comedy it is successful; in the problem play final accomplishment is often either ambiguous or doubtful. 【F2】 This action, from the beginning to the end of a movement toward a purposed goal, must also have a middle; it must proceed through a number of s
20、teps, the succession of incidents which make up the plot. Because the dramatist is concerned with the meaning and logic of events rather than with their casual relationship in time, he will probably select his material and order it on a basis of the operation, in human affairs, of laws of cause and
21、effect. It is in this causal relationship of incidents that the element of conflict, present in virtually all plays, appears. The central figure of the playthe protagonistencounters difficulties; his purpose or purposes conflict with events or circumstances, with purposes of other characters in the
22、play, or with cross-purposes which exist within his own thoughts and desires. These difficulties threaten the protagonists accomplishment.【F3】 In other words, they present complications, and his success or failure in dealing with these complications determines the outcome. 【F4】 Normally, complicatio
23、ns build through the play in order of increasing difficulty: one complication may be added to another, or one may grow out of the solution of a preceding one. At some point in this chain of complication and solution, achieved or attempted, the protagonist performs an act or makes a decision which ir
24、revocably commits him to a further course, points toward certain general consequences.【F5】 This point is usually called the crisis; the complications and solutions which follow work out the logical steps from crisis to final resolution, or denouement.（分数：10.00）(1).【F1】（分数：2.00）_(2).【F2】（分数：2.00）_(3)
25、.【F3】（分数：2.00）_(4).【F4】（分数：2.00）_(5).【F5】（分数：2.00）_Americans today dont place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars.【F1】 Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical educationnot to pursue knowledge for the sake o
26、f knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools arent difficult to find. “Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,“ says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.“ Ravitchs latest book, Left Back: A Ce
27、ntury of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits. But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to explo
28、itation and control.【F2】 Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. “Continuing along this path,“ says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society
29、.“ “Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,“ writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says
30、Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism.【F3】 Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book. Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philoso
31、phers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children, “【F4】 We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.“ Mark Twains Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-inte
32、llectualism. Its hero avoids being civilizedgoing to school and learning to readso he can preserve his innate goodness. Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind.
33、【F5】 Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines. School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.“（分数：10.00）(1).【F1】（分数：2.00）_(2).【F2】（分数：2.00）_(3).【F3】（分数：2.00）_(4).【F4】（分数：2.00）_(5).【F5】（分数：2.00）_
