1、同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语-38 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)四、Test One(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Despite being thought of by most as a time for celebration, birthdays pose a serious health risk, according to a huge new study. Researchers who studied the deaths of more than two million people found we are 14 percent more like
2、ly to die on our birthday than any other day. The scientists suspect the stress of anniversary reaction hypothesis, or birthday blues, as the cause for the increase in death rates, however. But according to the study, causes of birthday deaths included increased rates of heart attacks, stroke, cance
3、r, and suicide. One interesting finding is that more suicides happen on birthdays, though only in men. Researchers say that this increase could be related to more alcohol being drunk on birthdays. But the explanation was rejected by the scientists who believe that the event itself is largely respons
4、ible. Heart attacks and strokes they suspect are more common on the special day because of stress linked to celebrating a birthdayespecially for older people.（分数：12.00）(1).Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?（分数：4.00）A.Association between Birthday and DeathB.Various Means to
5、 Celebrate BirthdaysC.The Cause for the Rising Death RatesD.Common Diseases among Older People(2).Which of the following is NOT included in the cause of birthday deaths?（分数：4.00）A.Increased rates of suicide.B.Increased rates of mental disorder.C.Increased rates of cancer.D.Increased rates of heart a
6、ttack.(3).How do the scientists react to the explanation of the research on birthday deaths?（分数：4.00）A.They are strongly opposed to it.B.They doubt and reject it.C.They partly accept it.D.They deeply hate it.五、Test Two(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Last year, physicist Professor Richard Muller and colleagues publi
7、shed results from a new project analyzing the Earth“s temperature record. The Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature (BEST) project basically backed up established temperature records from Nasa and others; the world is indeed warming, and by about as much as we previously thought, it concluded. Professo
8、r Muller was attacked in some quarters for not waiting for the formal process of peer review in a scientific journal before launching the data publicly. He responded that his methodto put the draft out there openly and let everyone respond who wants tois increasingly the norm in physics. In his view
9、, it“s the right way to do things. A couple of weeks ago, in a New York Times article accompanying the release of five more BEST papers that are being submitted to scientific journals, Professor Muller went further, saying that the majority of 20th Century warming could be laid at the door of greenh
10、ouse gas emissions. By contrast, analysis by established bodies such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) holds that only after mid-Century did greenhouse gases drive the warmingprior to that, it was predominantly down to natural causes such as solar cycles and a decline in the fr
11、equency of large volcanoes.（分数：12.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT true about Professor Muller according to the First Paragraph?（分数：4.00）A.He published the results from a new project.B.He analyzed the established temperature records.C.He supported the established temperature records.D.He warned
12、people of the global warming.(2).Professor Muller was attacked by some people because _.（分数：4.00）A.he published the results of the project publiclyB.he thought his method is the norm in physicsC.he believed he did things in the right wayD.he did not wait for peer review before launching the data(3).
13、The phrase “be laid at the door of“ (Para. 3) most probably means “_“.（分数：4.00）A.be attributed toB.be placed nearbyC.be looked down uponD.be opposed to六、Test Three(总题数：1，分数：20.00)I“ve been reporting on extraordinary people for 25 years as a television journalist, but this small Oregon town and the m
14、an at its center, Woody Davis, stand alone in my memory. When I read a newspaper clip about the community“s reaction to Woody“s declining health, I knew that this would be a special story. But nothing prepared me for what happened when I traveled to Oregon last December and began knocking on doors.
15、Every single person knew Woody and had countless stories to tell about his selflessness and generosity. For five decades, he helped plow cars out of snow, cut wood, repaired farm equipment, and more. He was the perfectly good neighbor, and in his time of need, the community was rallying around him.
16、I“d never seen anything like it. Folks in this small town east of Portland are now going out of their way to thank Woody for the thousands of good deeds he“s done for them over the past 50 years. Recently, they all got together to cut and stack his firewood for winter. A couple of guys fixed up his
17、old pickup. Someone even built him a beautiful wooden box and invited the whole town to sign it. Woody“s son Clint said all the work his dad did for people had been repaid tenfold. “Bill Gates could not come to Corbett and buy this. You can“t buy the love that people have poured out for Dad.“ A few
18、months ago, Woody was diagnosed with ALSLou Gehrig“s disease. Doctors tell him he has about six months. The disease, which attacks the nervous system, is already making it hard for him to lift much of anything or even talk. But his attitude remains unaffected. “What do you think of what everybody“s
19、been doing for you?“ I asked. “I feel blessed that I“m dying slowly.“ I really didn“t think I“d heard him right. “Wait, did you just say you feel blessed that you“re dying slowly?“ “Because people have a chance to express to me how they feel,“ he said. In most communities, death is whispered, and pr
20、aise is saved for the eulogy (悼词、颂词). But Woody Davis and the people of Corbett, Oregon, show us why that may be too late. Turns out even angels like to know they“ve made a difference.（分数：20.00）(1).What is implied by the author in Paragraph One?（分数：4.00）A.Woody Davis often stayed alone.B.He has repo
21、rted on Woody Davis.C.Woody Davis was deeply rooted in his memory.D.Woody Davis lives at the center of the town.(2).Woody Davis was remembered by every person in the small town for _.（分数：4.00）A.the numerous stories about himB.his friendliness to his neighborsC.his skills at repairing farm equipmentD
22、.his selflessness and generosity(3).In what way was Woody Davis repaid according to Clint, Woody“s son?（分数：4.00）A.He gained invaluable love from people.B.He was qualified to buy love.C.He was taken care of by his neighbors.D.He was paid much attention to.(4).Woody Davis said he felt blessed that he
23、was dying slowly because _.（分数：4.00）A.he had time to continue to do things for peopleB.everybody in the town had the chance to do something for himC.people had an opportunity to tell him how they feelD.he might have the chance to defeat the disease(5).It can be inferred from the last Paragraph that
24、_.（分数：4.00）A.people do not talk about death publiclyB.people are often unwilling to give praise to peopleC.people should not hesitate to compliment othersD.people should know to make a difference七、Test Four(总题数：1，分数：24.00)A committee has released its final report on ways to improve math education fo
25、r American students. The National Mathematics Advisory Panel was created two years ago. The panel examined thousands of reports, along with survey results from more than seven hundred algebra (代数) teachers. Yet the report, released last month, is short on detailed advice. It says existing research d
26、oes not show just what knowledge or skills are needed for effective math teaching. The solution? More research. The report does say basic math skills must be taught completely in the early years of school. Children should be able to add and subtract in the third grade. By the end of fifth grade, the
27、y should be able to multiply and divide. Teachers should avoid revisiting skills year after year. And, the experts say, it is wrong to think children are “too young“ or “not ready“ to learn certain content at certain ages. The report says a major goal for kindergarten through eighth grade should be
28、understanding fractions. These skills are needed for algebra. Yet, the report says, at the present time they seem to be severely underdeveloped in American students. Schools are urged to prepare more students to take algebra by the eighth grade. Many people think math success depends largely on natu
29、ral talent or ability; the experts say it depends on effort. Studies have shown that children improve in math when they believe that their efforts to learn make them “smarter.“ The report also calls for strengthening the math preparation of elementary and middle school teachers. And it urges publish
30、ers to shorten math textbooks, which are often up to a thousand pages long. The panel says math books are much smaller in many nations where students do better in math than American children. Publishers say American textbooks have to meet the goals of different states for what should be taught in ea
31、ch grade. Also, the report calls for more research on the effects of using calculators. Many algebra teachers expressed concern about their use in the lower grades. And the report says gifted students who can move through the material much faster than others should be permitted to do so. The math pa
32、nel says the educational system needs major changes. If not, it warns that the United States will lose the mathematical leadership it possessed during most of the twenty first century.（分数：24.00）(1).What is the US National Mathematics Advisory Panel intended to do according to the text?（分数：4.00）A.To
33、release its final report.B.To examine reports and surveys.C.To find ways to improve math teaching.D.To train algebra teachers.(2).What is the shortcoming of the panel report?（分数：4.00）A.It does not offer detailed advice about effective math teaching.B.It does not explain the importance of effective m
34、ath teaching.C.It does not examine the reports about teaching skills.D.It does not explain how to maintain America“s leadership in math.(3).What is underdeveloped in American students according to the passage?（分数：4.00）A.Basic math skills.B.Revisiting skills.C.Fraction skills.D.Learning skills.(4).It
35、 can be inferred from Paragraph 6 that _.（分数：4.00）A.publishers are urged to shorten math textbooksB.publishers would not shorten math textbooksC.publishers agree to shorten math textbooksD.publishers suggest lengthening math textbooks(5).What can be inferred from the last paragraph?（分数：4.00）A.Americ
36、an educational system will experience great changes.B.The United States still maintains its mathematical leadership.C.Math success depends largely on students“ efforts.D.American math teaching has been greatly improved.(6).What is the best title for the passage?（分数：4.00）A.Improving Basic Math Skills
37、 in American StudentsB.Developing Fraction Skills in American StudentsC.Carrying Out Large-scaled Educational System ReformD.Finding Better Ways for Math Education in America八、Test Five(总题数：1，分数：20.00)As my fine professor of economics Lowell Harriss used to tell us, economics is the study of the all
38、ocation of scarce goods and services. What could be scarcer or more precious than love? It is rare, hard to come by and often fragile. My primary life study has been about love. Second comes economics, so here, in the form of a few rules, is a little amalgam (统一体) of the two fields: the economics of
39、 love. In general, and with rare exceptions, the returns in love situations are roughly proportional to the amount of time and devotion invested. The amount of love you get from an investment in love is correlated, if only roughly, to the amount of yourself you invest in the relationship. If you inv
40、est caring, patience and unselfishness, you get those things back. High-quality bonds consistently yield more return than junk, and so it is with high-quality love. As for the returns on bonds, I know that my comment will come as a surprise to people who have been brainwashed into thinking that junk
41、 bonds are free money. They aren“t. The data from bond research, W. Braddock Hickman, shows that junk debt outperforms high quality only in rare situations, because of the default risk. In love, the data is even clearer. Stay with high-quality human beings. And once you find that you are in a junk r
42、elationship, sell immediately. Junk situations can look appealing and seductive, but junk is junk. Be wary of it unless you control the market. In every long-term romantic situation, returns are greater when there is a monopoly. If you have to share your love with others, if you have to compete even
43、 after a brief while with others, forget the whole thing. You want to have monopoly bonds with your long-term lover. At least most situations work out better this way. The returns on your investment should at least equal the cost of the investment. If you are getting less back than you put in over a
44、 considerable period of time, back off. To coin a phrase: Fall in love in haste, repent at leisure.（分数：20.00）(1).What does the passage mainly talk about?（分数：4.00）A.Allocation of scarce goods and services.B.Establishment of true love.C.Scientific study of economics.D.Investment in and returns on love
45、.(2).According to the author, in love _.（分数：4.00）A.the more you give, the more you will getB.the more you give, the less you will getC.the less you give, the more you will getD.the higher quality love you have, the happier you will be(3).What is the author“s attitude toward junk relationship?（分数：4.0
46、0）A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Indifferent.D.Neutral.(4).By “monopoly in love“ (Para. 7), the author means “_“.（分数：4.00）A.to completely control the person you loveB.to defeat the person who shares the love with youC.never to compete for love and share the love with othersD.to take the initiative in love
47、relationship(5).The author“s advice concerning love is _.（分数：4.00）A.falling in love as quickly as possibleB.giving more, taking lessC.facing the reality when losing your loveD.giving up when the cost goes beyond the return九、Test Six(总题数：1，分数：12.00)As home prices continue to decline and loan defaults
48、 mount, federal regulators are bracing for dozens of American banks to fail over the next year. But after a large mortgage lender in California collapsed late Friday, Wall Street analysts began posing two crucial questions: Just how many banks might falter? And, more urgently, which one could be nex
49、t? The nation“s banks are in far less danger than they were in the late 1980s and early 1990s, when more than 1,000 federally insured institutions went under during the savings-and-loan crisis. The debacle , the greatest collapse of American financial institutions since the Depression, prompted a government bailout that cost taxpayers about $125 billion. But the troubles are growing so rapidly at some small and midsize banks that as many as 150 out of the 7,500 banks nationwide could fail over the next 12 to 18 months, analysts say. Other lende
