【考研类试卷】英语专业基础英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编15及答案解析.doc

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1、英语专业基础英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编 15及答案解析(总分:40.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、1 翻译(总题数:20,分数:40.00)1.Translate the following two passages into English(厦门大学 2011研,考试科目:写作与英汉互译)那一年,一场变故悄悄地潜入我家,先是母亲生病住院,体质本就羸弱的父亲,因焦虑过度,也随即病倒,父母双双住进了医院。 太阳从西边落山,恐惧却从我心头升起,那年我才 13岁。山村的夜色中,黑黢黢的野山像一幅剪纸阴森地贴在窗户的玻璃上,偌大的屋子里,只剩下我和妹妹。山中的狼群,一声一声凄厉的哀号,常常将我与妹

2、妹从梦中惊醒。 我们住在一所山村学校,叫喊声未必能让远处的人家听见。忽然,我想起了哨子母亲上体育课用的哨子。鼓起胸膛,拼命地让全部的气流吹出尽可能最大的声响。渐渐地,我听见了家门前由远及近嘈杂的脚步声,大声说话的声音。窗外交织着手电筒的光亮,我听见乡亲们喊我的名字。开了门,一群人扛着锄头站在我家门前,他们都是周围我熟悉的乡亲。善良的黑脸,热切的目光,一群人由衷地关爱,驱散了我内心的恐惧。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_2.互联网成为人们获取新闻信息的重要途径。自从互联网进入中国,人们就充分运用互联网传播新闻信息。中国的通讯社、报社、广播电台、电视台等利用资源优势和品牌优势开展网络新闻传播,满足

3、人们的新闻信息需求,已形成人民网、新华网、央视网、中国广播网等一批综合新闻信息服务网站,不仅扩大了权威新闻信息传播的广度,而且为传统媒体自身发展拓展了新的空间。一批著名的商业网站也成为人们获取新闻信息的重要渠道。据统计,80以上的网民主要依靠互联网获取新闻信息。网络媒体的发展不仅提高了新闻传播的时效性、有效性,而且在报道重要新闻事件中发挥了独特作用,充分满足了人们的信息需求。网络媒体直播中国共产党全国代表大会、全国人民代表大会和中国人民政治协商会议等已成为惯例。 公民依法享有互联网上充分的言论自由。中华人民共和国宪法赋予公民言论自由的权利。中国公民在互联网上的言论自由受法律保护,可以通过各种形

4、式在网上发表言论。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_3.Translate the following two passages into English(厦门大学 2010研,考试科目:写作与英汉互译)昔年陈立秋出使美国,有随员徐某,夙不解西文。一日,持西报展览颇入神。使馆译员见之,讶然曰:“君何时谙识西文乎?”徐曰:“我固不谙。”译员曰:“君既不谙西文,阅此奚为?”徐答曰:“余以为阅西固不解,阅诸君之翻译亦不解,同一不解,固不如阅西文之为愈也。”至今传为笑柄。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_4.每当我和朋友在乡间的时候,我知道随时随刻,除非雨真下到头上,某君必会突然说道,“散步去!”其口气之

5、强硬,是其他任何情况下都见不到的。人们总以为,去散步的想法有着与生俱来的尊贵与高尚。有如此念头的人觉得,每当他看到有人舒舒服服坐在椅子上看书,他就有权力将散步的愿望加诸其身。对于一个老朋友,简单地说声“不”倒也省事,但对于一般相识,你就必须找出一个借口。“我很想去,但是”我能找到的借口不外乎“我要写些信”。这个老套式有三方面不能尽如人意:(1)人家不相信。(2)迫于情势,你不得不从椅子上起来,走向写字台,临时拼凑一封给某人的信,直到那位暴走神磨磨蹭蹭地离开房间,他只是不敢当面发作,骂你是骗子或伪君子而已。(3)星期天早上行不通。“今天晚上信才寄得出去”,一句话就把你堵死了,于是你只好乖乖地跟着

6、走。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_5.Translate the following sentences into English(武汉大学 2013研,考试科目:基础英语)在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_6.他们的生活方式可以追溯到一千多年前他们的祖先所开创的古老传统。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_7.一些小报极力迎合一部分读者的低级趣味以便赚钱。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_8.随着时间向前推移,医学科学中的一些尖端领域不断被攻克。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_9.这些移民第二代仍感到处于主流文化的边缘,无论是在白人社会还是华人社会中他们都找不到恰当的

7、位置。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_10.Translate the following sentences into English(武汉大学 2012研,考试科目:基础英语)那人叫什么名字来着?就在嘴边,可一时想不起来。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_11.欲穷千里目,更上一层楼。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_12.客人们对所受到的热情接待感到过意不去。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_13.他被判了三年徒刑。镇上的人都认为他是罪有应得。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_14.糖尿病在身体过于肥胖的人中尤为常见。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_15.Translate the follow

8、ing sentences into English(武汉大学 2012研,考试科目:基础英语) 在美国很少有比金门大桥更具吸引力的景色。不过,很少有人知道它最初曾被视为无法建造而不予考虑。假如只有少数人知道这座桥是工程上的伟绩,那么知道桥的建造者是位诗人的人就更少了。约瑟夫?斯特劳斯(Joseph Strauss)是个爱好广泛的人。当他不在纸上设计建筑图时,他就在写诗赞颂高耸入云的红杉树。斯特劳斯建立了违背当时成规的工人安全标准,当时的建筑界一致认为:每花一百万美元,总会失去一条件命(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_16.Translate the following paragraph in

9、to English(武汉大学 2011研,考试科目:英语综合) 又说咱柔化之。可要在化的同时,造成克势。柔不是弱,是容,是收,是含。含而化之,让对手入你的势。这势要你造,需无为而无不为。无为即是道,也就是棋运之大可不变,你想变,就不是象棋,输不用说了,连棋边儿都沾不上。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_17.Translate the following Chinese passage into English 宇宙的存在,是要满足灵魂上爱美的欲望。这是宇宙的终极目标。因为无人能问,也无人能解释:灵魂为什么要追求美。从最广最深的意义上说,美是宇宙的一种表现。上帝是至美,真善美三者,只是一个本体

10、的三个方面的表现而已。可是自然界的美并非无上法门,它本身并不是充实圆满的“善”,它只是为内在的永恒之“美”作先导而已。我们可以把它看作是整体中的一个部分,宇宙另有其根本原因,其表现方式众多,自然界的美也不是它终极或最高的体现。自然界的美,人类多少都是能够感受的,有些人不只是感受,还会欣喜无比。此爱美之情,是谓“兴趣”。还有些人爱之不已,但是欣赏犹有不足。进而创造新的形式加以展现。此创美之举,是谓“艺术”。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_18.Translate the following passage into English by using proper translating stra

11、tegies and methods. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 互生最叫人纪念的是他做人的态度。他本来是一幅铜筋铁骨,黑皮肤衬着那一套大布之衣,看去像个乡下人。他什么苦都吃得,从不晓得享用,也像乡下人。他心里那一团火,也像乡下人。那一团火是热,是力,是光。他不爱多说话,但常常微笑;那微笑是自然的,温暖的。在他看,人是可以互相爱着的,除了一些成见已深,不愿打开窗户说亮话的。他对这些人却有些憎恶,不肯假借一点颜色。世界上只有能憎的人才能爱;爱憎没有定见,只是毫无作为的脚色。互生觉得青年成见还少,希望最多;所以愿意将自己的生命一滴不剩而献给他们,让

12、爱的宗教在他们中间发芽滋长,让他们都走向新世界去。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_19.Translate the following passage into fluent English by using proper translating strategies and skills. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET(中南财经政法大学 2008研,考试科目:翻译与写作) 笼里养着两只母鸡,一只爱唱,另一只喜静。主人根据母鸡下蛋之后报唱的现象,以为所有蛋都是那只唱鸡产的,因此很偏爱它,捉了螳螂也专是给它吃,但日子一久,秘密揭穿了;原来那只唱鸡下蛋

13、很少,而不叫的那只鸡却一天一个,且蛋刚落地就一声不响地离开鸡窝,由那只鸡站在蛋边大喊大叫。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_20.Chinese-English Translation(华中师范大学 2012研,考试科目:写作翻译) 养花 老舍 我爱花,所以也爱养花,我可还没成为养花专家,因为没有功夫去作研究与试验。我只把养花当作生活中的一种乐趣,花开得大小好坏都不计较,只要开花,我就高兴。在我的小院中,到夏天,满是花草,小猫儿们只好上房去玩耍,地上没有它们的运动场。 花虽多,但无奇花异草。珍贵的花草不易养活,看着一棵好花生病是件难过的事。我不愿落泪。北京的气候,对养花来说,不算很好。冬天冷,春

14、天多风,夏天不是干旱就是大雨倾盆;秋天最好,可是忽然会闹霜冻。在这种气候里,想把南方的好花养活,我还是没有那么大的本事。因此,我只养些好种易活、自己会奋斗的花草。 不过,尽管花草自己会奋斗,我若置之不理,任其自生自灭,它们多数还是会死了的。我得天天照管它们,像好朋友似的关切它们。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_英语专业基础英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编 15答案解析(总分:40.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、1 翻译(总题数:20,分数:40.00)1.Translate the following two passages into English(厦门大学 2011研,考试科目:写作与英汉

15、互译)那一年,一场变故悄悄地潜入我家,先是母亲生病住院,体质本就羸弱的父亲,因焦虑过度,也随即病倒,父母双双住进了医院。 太阳从西边落山,恐惧却从我心头升起,那年我才 13岁。山村的夜色中,黑黢黢的野山像一幅剪纸阴森地贴在窗户的玻璃上,偌大的屋子里,只剩下我和妹妹。山中的狼群,一声一声凄厉的哀号,常常将我与妹妹从梦中惊醒。 我们住在一所山村学校,叫喊声未必能让远处的人家听见。忽然,我想起了哨子母亲上体育课用的哨子。鼓起胸膛,拼命地让全部的气流吹出尽可能最大的声响。渐渐地,我听见了家门前由远及近嘈杂的脚步声,大声说话的声音。窗外交织着手电筒的光亮,我听见乡亲们喊我的名字。开了门,一群人扛着锄头站

16、在我家门前,他们都是周围我熟悉的乡亲。善良的黑脸,热切的目光,一群人由衷地关爱,驱散了我内心的恐惧。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:That year, a misfortune sneaked into my family. My mother first fell ill and went into hospital, and the excessive anxiety enfeebled my father who had been suffering from frail constitution. Then both of my parents were ho

17、spitalized. I was only 13 years old and every time the sun set in the west, horror rose from my heart. Shrouded in the village“s moonlight, my sister and I were left in the empty house with the deep black mountains reflecting on the window panes like a piece of gloomy paper-cut. We were often startl

18、ed out from the dream by the shrilling howls of the wolves in the mountains. Yet living in a village school, we were too far to be heard by the distant villagers. Suddenly, I thought about the whistle my mother used in the PE class. Bulging my chest, I blew with all my strength to make the loudest s

19、ound. Bit by bit, I heard a bustle of footsteps and loud voices approaching my house nearer and nearer. In the torchlight flashing outside our window, I heard my folks calling my name. I opened the door and saw a group of people standing in front of my house with hoes on their shoulders. They were m

20、y familiar villagers nearby. The honest tanned faces, the earnest look and the sincere love drove away the horror from the bottom of my heart.)解析:2.互联网成为人们获取新闻信息的重要途径。自从互联网进入中国,人们就充分运用互联网传播新闻信息。中国的通讯社、报社、广播电台、电视台等利用资源优势和品牌优势开展网络新闻传播,满足人们的新闻信息需求,已形成人民网、新华网、央视网、中国广播网等一批综合新闻信息服务网站,不仅扩大了权威新闻信息传播的广度,而且为传

21、统媒体自身发展拓展了新的空间。一批著名的商业网站也成为人们获取新闻信息的重要渠道。据统计,80以上的网民主要依靠互联网获取新闻信息。网络媒体的发展不仅提高了新闻传播的时效性、有效性,而且在报道重要新闻事件中发挥了独特作用,充分满足了人们的信息需求。网络媒体直播中国共产党全国代表大会、全国人民代表大会和中国人民政治协商会议等已成为惯例。 公民依法享有互联网上充分的言论自由。中华人民共和国宪法赋予公民言论自由的权利。中国公民在互联网上的言论自由受法律保护,可以通过各种形式在网上发表言论。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:The Internet has become an i

22、mportant channel for people to obtain news. Ever since it is introduced into China, we have been making full use of the Internet to disseminate news. The new agencies, newspaper offices, radio and television stations have taken advantages of their resources and brands to launch Internet news dissemi

23、nation in order to meet people“s needs for news. A number of websites providing comprehensive news services, such as People. com, Xinhuanet. com, CCTV. com and CNR. cn, have been established, which not only extend the scope of the authoritative news dissemination, but also expand the new space for t

24、he development of the traditional media. A group of well-known commercial websites have also become the important channels for people to obtain news. According to the statistics , over 80% netizens obtain the news information mainly through the Internet. The development of Internet media not only im

25、proves the time-effectiveness and validity of news dissemination, but also plays a unique role in reporting the important news events, satisfying people“s needs for information to the full. It has become a common practice for the online media to broadcast live the National Congress of the CPC, NPC,

26、Chinese People“s Political Consultative Conference, etc. Chinese citizens enjoy the full freedom of speech on the Internet under the laws. The Constitution of the People“s Republic of China confers the right to free speeches on Chinese citizens. As people“s freedom of speech on the Internet is prote

27、cted by the laws, they can express their opinions in various ways on the Internet.)解析:3.Translate the following two passages into English(厦门大学 2010研,考试科目:写作与英汉互译)昔年陈立秋出使美国,有随员徐某,夙不解西文。一日,持西报展览颇入神。使馆译员见之,讶然曰:“君何时谙识西文乎?”徐曰:“我固不谙。”译员曰:“君既不谙西文,阅此奚为?”徐答曰:“余以为阅西固不解,阅诸君之翻译亦不解,同一不解,固不如阅西文之为愈也。”至今传为笑柄。(分数:2.

28、00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:Many years ago Chen Liqiu was sent on a diplomatic mission to the United States with Mr. Xu serving as an attach6 to its embassy there. Though knowing nothing about English language, Mr. Xu was seen one day holding an English newspaper and absorbing in reading it. The interpret

29、ers of the embassy saw this and asked him in surprise: “When did you learn English?“ , “I have not yet learnt it“ , replied Mr. Xu. The interpreters went on-. “Since you don“t know the language, why on earth are you reading this?“ “The reason is that, I cannot understand English, “ Mr. Xu answered,

30、“ nor can I comprehend your translation. It“s better to read the original than your translation, because both are Greek to me. “ This has been told as a laughing-stock since then.)解析:4.每当我和朋友在乡间的时候,我知道随时随刻,除非雨真下到头上,某君必会突然说道,“散步去!”其口气之强硬,是其他任何情况下都见不到的。人们总以为,去散步的想法有着与生俱来的尊贵与高尚。有如此念头的人觉得,每当他看到有人舒舒服服坐在椅

31、子上看书,他就有权力将散步的愿望加诸其身。对于一个老朋友,简单地说声“不”倒也省事,但对于一般相识,你就必须找出一个借口。“我很想去,但是”我能找到的借口不外乎“我要写些信”。这个老套式有三方面不能尽如人意:(1)人家不相信。(2)迫于情势,你不得不从椅子上起来,走向写字台,临时拼凑一封给某人的信,直到那位暴走神磨磨蹭蹭地离开房间,他只是不敢当面发作,骂你是骗子或伪君子而已。(3)星期天早上行不通。“今天晚上信才寄得出去”,一句话就把你堵死了,于是你只好乖乖地跟着走。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:Whenever I am with my friends in the

32、 countryside, I know at any time, unless it rains, someone would suddenly say to me “go and take a walk“. The way he speaks is so strong that it is rarely seen in other circumstances. People always hold it that the very idea of taking a walk goes with inborn dignity and nobility. For people having t

33、hat idea in mind, when he sees others sitting comfortably in a chair and reading, he would think that he has the power to impose the wish of taking a walk on the one seated. While an old friend would take a simple “No“ for an answer, but not the ordinary acquaintance, you have to find some excuse, s

34、uch as “I“d love to, but.“ Personally, I could find an excuse no more than “I have to write some letters“. But this lame excuse exposes its shortcomings in three aspects: firstly, people would not take it: secondly, under that pressing circumstance, you have to stand up from the chair to the writing

35、 desk, scraping together a letter. And then, slowly, the walk-lover would leave the room, managing to hold his anger in leash and not calling you a liar or a hypocrite: thirdly, that excuse of writing a letter will not work on a Sunday morning, for “ you can only have your letter posted in the eveni

36、ng“ , a reply you have nothing to respond but to follow him outside for a walk.)解析:5.Translate the following sentences into English(武汉大学 2013研,考试科目:基础英语)在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:Over the mountain was a vast grassland, which extended as far as the eyes could see.)解析:6.他们的生活方式可以追溯到一千

37、多年前他们的祖先所开创的古老传统。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:Their way of life could be traced to the ancient tradition handed down to them by their ancestors more than one thousand years ago.)解析:7.一些小报极力迎合一部分读者的低级趣味以便赚钱。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:Some tabloids are trying hard to cater to the low taste of some rea

38、ders for the sake of making money.)解析:8.随着时间向前推移,医学科学中的一些尖端领域不断被攻克。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:The frontiers of medical science are being pushed farther onwards as time goes on.)解析:9.这些移民第二代仍感到处于主流文化的边缘,无论是在白人社会还是华人社会中他们都找不到恰当的位置。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:The second generation of immigrants are st

39、ill marginalized, belonging neither among the white society, nor a-mong the Chinese American community.)解析:10.Translate the following sentences into English(武汉大学 2012研,考试科目:基础英语)那人叫什么名字来着?就在嘴边,可一时想不起来。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:What is the man“s name? It is on the tip of my tongue.)解析:11.欲穷千里目,更上一层

40、楼。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:Ascend another storey to have a further sight.)解析:12.客人们对所受到的热情接待感到过意不去。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:The guests were overwhelmed by the warm reception.)解析:13.他被判了三年徒刑。镇上的人都认为他是罪有应得。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:He was sentenced to three years in prison and people in the to

41、wn think it serves him right.)解析:14.糖尿病在身体过于肥胖的人中尤为常见。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:Diabetes is by far the most frequent among the over-weight people.)解析:15.Translate the following sentences into English(武汉大学 2012研,考试科目:基础英语) 在美国很少有比金门大桥更具吸引力的景色。不过,很少有人知道它最初曾被视为无法建造而不予考虑。假如只有少数人知道这座桥是工程上的伟绩,那么知道桥的建造者是

42、位诗人的人就更少了。约瑟夫?斯特劳斯(Joseph Strauss)是个爱好广泛的人。当他不在纸上设计建筑图时,他就在写诗赞颂高耸入云的红杉树。斯特劳斯建立了违背当时成规的工人安全标准,当时的建筑界一致认为:每花一百万美元,总会失去一条件命(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:In the United States, there are few scenes more compelling than the Golden Gate Bridge. However, rarely did people know that its construction was initia

43、lly considered impossible and dismissed. If we say only few people know this great act in bridge engineering, then even fewer people could know the bridge designer was a poet. Joseph Strauss was a man of broad interest. When he was not in the paper design, he would be writing poems in praise of the

44、towering redwood trees. Strauss had established the rules violating the worker safety conventions at that time, on which the building industry agreed that “ a life will be paid for each million dollars“.)解析:16.Translate the following paragraph into English(武汉大学 2011研,考试科目:英语综合) 又说咱柔化之。可要在化的同时,造成克势。柔

45、不是弱,是容,是收,是含。含而化之,让对手入你的势。这势要你造,需无为而无不为。无为即是道,也就是棋运之大可不变,你想变,就不是象棋,输不用说了,连棋边儿都沾不上。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:While I was loosening him, I should set up the situation to defeat him. Softness was by no means being weak. Instead, it was holding, drawing in and containing. By containing him, you should

46、 draw your opponent into the strategy you had been setting up. To constitute this situation, you were supposed to accomplish everything by forcing nothing. Forcing nothing was the way, the eternal nature of playing chess. It is not a chess any longer if you want to change. You wouldn“t be able to pl

47、ay it at all, let alone a lose.)解析:17.Translate the following Chinese passage into English 宇宙的存在,是要满足灵魂上爱美的欲望。这是宇宙的终极目标。因为无人能问,也无人能解释:灵魂为什么要追求美。从最广最深的意义上说,美是宇宙的一种表现。上帝是至美,真善美三者,只是一个本体的三个方面的表现而已。可是自然界的美并非无上法门,它本身并不是充实圆满的“善”,它只是为内在的永恒之“美”作先导而已。我们可以把它看作是整体中的一个部分,宇宙另有其根本原因,其表现方式众多,自然界的美也不是它终极或最高的体现。自然界的美,人类多少都是能够感受的,有些人不只是感受,还会欣喜无比。此爱美之情,是谓“兴趣”。还有些人爱之不已,但是欣赏犹有不足。进而创造新的形式加以展现。此创美之举,是谓“艺术”。(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:The universe exists to satisfy the soul“s desire for beauty, which is the ultimate aim of the universe. No reason can be as

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