【医学类职业资格】三基培训考试肿瘤科学减瘤术及答案解析.doc

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1、三基培训考试肿瘤科学减瘤术及答案解析(总分:4.00,做题时间:600 分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数:1,分数:1.00)1.下列哪一项不是减瘤术的适应证?()(分数:1.00)A.晚期肺癌B.软组织肿瘤C.Burkitt淋巴瘤D.某些消化道肿瘤二、问答题(总题数:3,分数:3.00)2.试述减瘤术的临床意义。(分数:1.00)_3.试述减瘤术的操作方法(以卵巢癌为例)。(分数:1.00)_4.试述减瘤术的注意事项。(分数:1.00)_三基培训考试肿瘤科学减瘤术答案解析(总分:4.00,做题时间:600 分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数:1,分数:1.00)1.下列哪一项不是减瘤术的适应证?()(

2、分数:1.00)A.晚期肺癌 B.软组织肿瘤C.Burkitt淋巴瘤D.某些消化道肿瘤解析:二、问答题(总题数:3,分数:3.00)2.试述减瘤术的临床意义。(分数:1.00)_正确答案:(减瘤术的临床意义: (1) 为其他治疗创造条件或提高疗效。 (2) 减少肿瘤产生耐药性的机会。 (3) 提高术后残留肿瘤对化疗的敏感性。 (4) 改善病人的生活质量。)解析:3.试述减瘤术的操作方法(以卵巢癌为例)。(分数:1.00)_正确答案:(减瘤术操作如下(以卵巢癌为例): (1) 麻醉和体位:全身麻醉,平卧位。 (2) 切口:应足够大,保证操作的顺利完成。腹腔肿瘤常采用中下腹或剑突下至耻骨联合的纵切口。 (3) 探查和评估:应常规进行全面详细的探查,遵循无瘤技术原则,从远到近,认真评估手术难度和范围,制定可行的手术操作方案。 (4) 肿瘤切除操作:行原发病灶和相邻组织或器官的切除,力求切除原发病灶;最大限度地切除种植或转移灶;根据残留病灶决定是否进行区域淋巴结切除;最大限度地使肿瘤残留病灶小于 2 cm。)解析:4.试述减瘤术的注意事项。(分数:1.00)_正确答案:(减瘤术的注意事项如下: (1) 做好充分的术前准备,包括制定整体的治疗方案。 (2) 操作者应有充分的耐心。 (3) 加强术后管理,进行必要的支持治疗。 (4) 选用科学合理的治疗方法进行后续抗肿瘤治疗。)解析:

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