1、2018年 6月大学英语四级真题（第一套）及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：150 分钟)Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it. 120-180 words.（分数：106.50）_Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Section A(总题数：3，分数：49.70)
2、Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：14.2）(1).（分数：7.1）A.The return of a bottled message to its owner daughterB.A New Hampshire mans joke with friends on his wife.C.A father message for his daughterD.The history of a century-old motel.(2).（分数：7.1）A.She wanted to show
3、 gratitude for his kindness.B.She wanted to honor her fathers promise.C.She had been asked by her father to do so.D.She was excited to see her fathers handwriting.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：14.2）(1).（分数：7.1）A.People were concerned about the number of bees.
4、B.Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.C.Two million bees were infected with disease.D.Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.(2).（分数：7.1）A.It apologized to its customers.B.It was forced to kill its bees.C.It lost a huge stock of bees.D.It lost 2. 5 million dollars.Questions 5 and 7 ar
5、e based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：21.3）(1).（分数：7.1）A.It stayed in the air for about two hours.B.It took off and landed on a football field.C.It proved to be of high commercial value.D.It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.(2).（分数：7.1）A.Engineering problems.B.Inadequate funding.
6、C.The air pollution it produced.D.The opposition from the military.(3).（分数：7.1）A.It uses the latest aviation technology.B.It flies faster than a commercial jet.C.It is a safer means of transportation.D.It is more environmentally friendly.Section B(总题数：2，分数：56.80)Questions 8 and 11 are based on the c
7、onversation you have just heard.（分数：28.4）(1).（分数：7.1）A.It seems a depressing topic.B.It sounds quite alarming.C.It has little impact on our daily life.D.It is getting more serious these days.(2).（分数：7.1）A.The man doesnt understand Spanish.B.The woman doesnt really like dancing.C.They dont want somet
8、hing too noisy.D.They cant make it to the theatre in time.(3).（分数：7.1）A.It would be more fim without Mr. Whitehead hosting.B.It has too many acts to hold the audiences attention.C.It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.D.It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.(4).（分数：7.1）A.Watch
9、a comedy.B.Book the tickets online.C.Go and see the dance.D.See a film with the man.Questions 12 and 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.4）(1).（分数：7.1）A.Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.B.She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.C.There are too many ac
10、tivities for her to cope with.D.She worries she wont fit in as a transfer student.(2).（分数：7.1）A.Seek advice from senior students.B.Pick up some meaningful hobbies.C.Participate in after-school activities.D.Look into what the school offers.(3).（分数：7.1）A.Give her help whenever she needs it.B.Accept he
11、r as a transfer student.C.Find her accommodation on campus.D.Introduce her to her roommates.(4).（分数：7.1）A.She has interests similar to Mr. Lee.B.She has become friends with Catherine.C.She has chosen the major Catherine hasD.She has just transferred to the college.Section C(总题数：3，分数：142.00)Questions
12、 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：42.6）(1).（分数：14.2）A.To investigate how being overweight impacts, on health.B.To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.C.To discover what most mice like to eat.D.To determine what feelings mice have.(2).（分数：14.2）A.When they are h
13、ungry.B.When they smell food.C.When they are thirsty.D.When they want company.(3).（分数：14.2）A.They search for food in groups.B.They are overweight when food is plenty.C.They prefer to be with other mice.D.They enjoy the company of other animals.Questions 19 and 21 are based on the passage you have ju
14、st heard.（分数：42.6）(1).（分数：14.2）A.19Its construction started before World War I.B.Its construction cost more than $40 billion.C.It is efficiently used for transport.D.It is one of the best in the world.(2).（分数：14.2）A.To improve transportation in the countryside.B.To move troops quickly from place to
15、place.C.To enable people to travel at a higher speed.D.To speed up the transportation of goods.(3).（分数：14.2）A.In the 1970s.B.In the 1950s.C.In the 1960s.D.In the 1940s.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：56.8）(1).（分数：14.2）A.Chatting while driving.B.Messaging while dri
16、ving.C.Driving under age.D.Speeding on highways.(2).（分数：14.2）A.A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel.B.A gadget to charge the phone in a car.C.A device to control the speed of a vehicle.D.A device to ensure people drive with both hands.(3).（分数：14.2）A.The car keeps flashing its headlights.B.
17、The car slows down gradually to a halt.C.They are alerted with a light and a sound.D.They get a warning on their smart phone.(4).（分数：14.2）A.Installing a camera.B.Checking their emails.C.Using a connected app.D.Keeping a daily record.Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Section A
18、Part Reading Section ASince the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of _(1). Gazing down on the city from the Getty Cente
19、r, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze(霾). Nor is the states bad air_(2). To its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents hearts and lungs are affected as a_(3)
20、.All of which, combined with Californias reputation as the home of technological_(4), makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in_(5). And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying
21、out monitoring that are_(6) to yield minute-to-minute maps of_(7) air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been_(8) with Googles Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclimas boss, says they have reveal
22、ed pollution highs on days when San Franciscos transit workers went on strike and the citys_(9) were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to word“ days have done their job by_(10) pollution lows.A.assistedB.collaboratingC.consequenceD.consumersE.creatingF.detailG.domesticH.frequentlyI.inhabi
23、tantsJ.innovationK.intendedL.outdoorM.pollutantsN.restrictedO.sum（分数：35.50）(1).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(2).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(3).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(4).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(5).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(6).（分数：3.
24、55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(7).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(8).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(9).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(10).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces “Endangered“ ListA On a re
25、cent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venice s main tourist sites, the Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal. It is the oldest bridge across the canal, and was the dividing line between the districts of San Marco and San Polo. But
26、 on this day, there was a twist; it was filled with Venetians, not tourists.B “ People are cheering and holding their carts in the air,“ says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione 90. The carts he refers to are small shopping cartsthe symb
27、ol of a true Venetian. “ It started as a joke,“ he says with a laugh. “ The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur. Precisely like that, you just go around and run people down. “C Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But that s a problem. Up to 90,000
28、 tourists crowd its streets and canals every dayfar outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. And those who stick around are tired of living in a p
29、lace where they can t even get to the market without swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through 50,000 people while on the way to school or to work.D Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything abou
30、t the crowds for decades, because they re only interested in tourismthe primary industry in Venice, worth more than $3 billion in 2015. “Venice is a cash cow,“ she says, “and everyone wants a piece. “E Just beyond St. Mark s Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over t
31、heir medieval (中世纪的) surroundings. Their massive wake creats waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves. “ Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad,“ Chigi says. “You see the mud it drags; the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts th
32、e ancient wooden poles holding up the city underwater. One day well see Venice break down. “F For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to agree. Two years ago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was not protecting Venice. UNESCO considers the entire city a World
33、 Heritage Site, a great honor that means Venice, at the cultural level, belongs to all of the world s people. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice s flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another listWorld Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, des
34、troyed by the war in Syria.G Venice s deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝) this summer, just as UNESCO was meeting in Istanbul. Only one representative, Jad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise the issue. “ For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, and it has now
35、reached a dramatic situation,“ Tabet told UNESCO. “We have to act quickly, there is not a moment to waste. “H But UNESCO didn t even hold a vote. “ It s been postponed until 2017 ,“ says Anna Somers, the founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted to
36、restoring Venetian art. She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn t vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UNESCO has become “ intensely politicized. There would have been some back-room negotiations. “I Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than
37、 any other country in the world, granting it considerable power and influence within the organization. The former head of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees heritage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, a Venetian who now serves as UNESCO s assistant director-general for culture.J Earlier thi
38、s year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists (考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS. The accord underlined Italy s global reputation as a good steward of art and culture.K But addi
39、ng Venice to the UNESCO endangered listwhich is dominated by sites in developing and conflict-ridden countrieswould be an international embarrassment, and could even hurt Italy s profitable tourism industry. The Italian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts to pressure UNESCO
40、. As for the organization itself, it declined a request for an interview.L The city s current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5, 000 Venice residents.M As for Venetians, they re beyo
41、nd frustrated and hoping for a solution soon. “ It s a nightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists around,“ says Giorgio as he navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridge. “There are just so many of them. They never know where they are going, and do not walk in an
42、 orderly manner. Navigating the streets can be exhausting. “N Then it hits him; This crowd isn t made up of tourists. They re Venetians. Giorgio says he s never experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 years. “ For once, we are the ones who are blocking the traffic,“ he says delightedly.
43、 “ It feels unreal. It feels like we re some form of endangered species. It s just nice. The feeling is just pure. “ But, he worries, if tourism isnt managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.（分数：71.0）(1)
44、.The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient buildings in Venice.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(2).The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures to protect its cultural heritage.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(3).The heritage
45、situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few years.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(4).The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to the increase of tourists.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(5).If tourism gets out of control, native Venetians may
46、desert the city altogether one day.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(6).UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to protect Venice.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(7).The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they were 100% local residents.（
47、分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(8).Ignoring UNESCO s warning, the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city s tourism industry.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(9).One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local authorities have only focused on the revenues from touri
48、sm.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(10).UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.Section C(总题数：2，分数：142.00)Passage OneLosing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia （痴呆） inc
49、reases with age. But if you have memory slips， you probably neednt worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss. After age 50， its quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people， places and thing quickly， says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Womans Hospital in Boston. The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Ce
