1、2018年 6月大学英语四级真题（第三套）及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：150 分钟)Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.（分数：106.50）_Part II Li
2、stening Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Section A(总题数：3，分数：49.70)Questions 1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard.（分数：14.2）(1).（分数：7.1）A.AnnoyedB.ConfusedC.ScaredD.Offended(2).（分数：7.1）A.It crawled over the womans handsB.It wound up on the steering wheelC.It was killed by the police on the spotD.It
3、was covered with large scalesQuestions 3 to 4 are based on the new report you have just heard.（分数：14.2）(1).（分数：7.1）A.A study of the fast-food serviceB.Fast food customer satisfactionC.McDonalds new business strategies.D.Competition in the fast-food industry(2).（分数：7.1）A.Customers higher demandsB.The
4、 inefficiency of employeesC.Increased variety of productsD.The rising number of customersQuestions 5 to 7 are based on the new report you have just heard（分数：21.3）(1).（分数：7.1）A.International treaties regarding space travel programsB.Legal issues involved in commercial space explorationC.U. S. governm
5、ents approval of private space missionsD.Competition among public and private space companies(2).（分数：7.1）A.Deliver scientific equipment to the moonB.Approve a new mission to travel into outer spaceC.Work with federal agencies on space programsD.Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars(3).（分数：7.1）A.It is s
6、ignificantB.It is promisingC.It is unpredictableD.It is unprofitableSection B(总题数：2，分数：56.80)Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard。（分数：28.4）(1).（分数：7.1）A.Visiting her family in ThailandB.Showing friends around PhuketC.Swimming around a Thai islandD.Lying in the sun on a
7、 Thai beach(2).（分数：7.1）A.She visited a Thai orphanageB.She met a Thai girls parentsC.She learned some Thai wordsD.She sunbathed on a Thai beach(3).（分数：7.1）A.His class will start in a minuteB.He has got an incoming phone callC.Someone is knocking at his doorD.His phone is running out of power(4).（分数：
8、7.1）A.He is interested in Thai artworksB.He is going to open a souvenir shopC.He collects things from different countriesD.He wants to know more about Thai cultureQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard（分数：28.4）(1).（分数：7.1）A.Buying some fitness equipment for the new gymB
9、.Opening a gym and becoming personal trainersC.Signing up for a weight-loss courseD.Trying out a new gym in town(2).（分数：7.1）A.Professional personal trainingB.Free exercise for the first weekC.A discount for a half-year membershipD.Additional benefits for young couples(3).（分数：7.1）A.The safety of weig
10、ht-liftingB.The high membership feeC.The renewal of his membershipD.The operation of fitness equipment(4).（分数：7.1）A.She wants her invitation renewedB.She used to do 200 sit-ups every dayC.She knows the basics of weight-liftingD.She used to be the gyms personal trainerSection C(总题数：3，分数：142.00)Questi
11、ons 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard（分数：42.6）(1).（分数：14.2）A.They tend to be nervous during interviewsB.They often apply for a number of positionsC.They worry about the results of their applicationsD.They search extensively for employers information(2).（分数：14.2）A.Get better organ
12、izedB.Edit their referencesC.Find better-paid jobsD.Analyze the searching process(3).（分数：14.2）A.Provide their data in detailB.Personalize each applicationC.Make use of better search enginesD.Apply for more promising positionsQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard（分数：42.6）(1)
13、.（分数：14.2）A.If kids did not like school, real learning would not take placeB.If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streetsC.If schools stayed the way they are, parents were sure to protestD.If teaching failed to improve, kids would stay away from school(2).（分数：14.2）A.Allow them to
14、play interesting games in classB.Try to stir up their interest in lab experimentsC.Let them stay home and learn from their parentsD.Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays(3).（分数：14.2）A.Allow kids to learn at their own paceB.Encourage kids to learn from each otherC.Organize kids into vari
15、ous interest groupsD.Take kids out of school to learn at first handQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard（分数：56.8）(1).（分数：14.2）A.It is especially popular in Florida and AlaskaB.It is a major social activity among the youngC.It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasionD.It
16、is even more expressive than the written word(2).（分数：14.2）A.It is located in a big city in IowaB.It is really marvelous to look atC.It offers free dance classes to seniorsD.It offers people a chance to socialize(3).（分数：14.2）A.Their state of mind improvedB.They enjoyed better healthC.They became bett
17、er dancersD.Their relationship strengthened(4).（分数：14.2）A.It is funB.It is lifeC.It is exhaustingD.It is rhythmicalPart Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passageSince the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things
18、are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of (1)_ Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurr
19、ed by the haze (霾）.Nor is the states bad air (2)_ to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents hearts and lungs are affected as a (3)_.All of which, combined with California s reputation as the home of technological (4)_ , makes th
20、e place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in (5)_ And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are (6)_ to yield minute-to-minute maps of (7)_ air pollution. Su
21、ch stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including officesTo this end, Aclima has been (8)_ with Googles Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclimas boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco s transit workers went on strike and
22、the citys (9)_ were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to their job by (10)_ pollution lows.（分数：35.50）(1).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(2).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(3).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(4).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(5).（分数：3.55）A.B
23、.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(6).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(7).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(8).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(9).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(10).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Some College Students Are Angry
24、That They Have to Pay to Do Their HomeworkA Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework, take quizzes, and turn in homework. As universities go digital, students are complaining of a new hit to their finances that s replacing 一 and sometimes joiningexp
25、ensive textbooks: pricey online access codes that are required to complete coursework and submit assignmentsBThe codeswhich typically range in price from $80 to $ 155 per coursegive students online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. These companies, whic
26、h long reaped big profits as textbook publishers, have boasted that their new online offerings， when pushed to students through universities they partner with，represent the future of the industryCBut critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos (观念)of the textbook bus
27、iness, and are even harder for students to opt out of. While they could once buy second-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoidD“When we talk about access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly (垄断），a new way to lock stud
28、ents around this system，” said Ethan Senack，the higher education advocate for the U. S. Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed News. “Rather than $250 ( for a print textbook) you，re paying $120，” said Senack. But because it，s all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sha
29、ring and because homework and tests are through an access code, it eliminates any ability to opt outESanna Harper, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma when she first started college in 2015pay rent or pay to turn in her chemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed News th
30、at her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect, a system provided by McGraw Hill where students can submit homework, take exams and track their grades. But the code to access the program cost $ 120a big sum for Harper, who had already put down $ 450 for textbooks, and had rent day appro
31、aching.FShe decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $150 - $200, to pay for the code. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. “Its a balancing act,” she said. “ Can I really afford these access codes now?” She didn t hand in her first two assignme
32、nts for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a failing grade.G The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, theyre the future. McGraw Hill, which controls 21% of the higher education market, reported in March that its digital content sal
33、es exceeded print sales for the first time in 2015. The company said that 45% of its $140 million revenue in 2015 “was derived from digital products”.HA Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that “digital materials are less expensive and a good investment” that offer new features, like audio texts
34、, personalized knowledge checks and expert videos. Its digital course materials save students up to 60% compared to traditional printed textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didnt respond to a request for comment, but its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that “ in higher educat
35、ion, the era of the printed textbook is now over”.IThe textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. “These digital products aren t just mechanisms for students to submit homework, they offer all kinds of features,n David Anderson, the executive director of highe
36、r education with the Association of American Publishers, told BuzzFeed News. w It helps students understand in a way that you can t do with print homework assignments. ”JDavid Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and
37、psychology departments, told BuzzFeed News that he understands the utility of using systems that require access codes. But he doesnt require his students to buy access to a learning program that controls the class assignments. “I try to make things as inexpensive as possible,” said Hunt, who uses fr
38、ee digital textbooks for his classes but designs his own curriculum. “ The online systems may make my life a lot easier but I feel like I m giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefit the students most. ”K A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told
39、BuzzFeed News that she normally spends $500 - $600 on access codes for class. In one case, the professor didnt require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to turn in homework. This year she said she spent $900 on access codes to books and programs. “Thats two months of rent,” she said. “
40、You cant sell any of it back. With a traditional textbook you can sell it for $30 - $50 and that helps to pay for your new semesters books. With an access code, youre out of that money. LBenjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that “ it s rid
41、iculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we have to pay for all these access codes to do our homework” Many of the access codes he s purchased have been required simply to complete homework or quizzes. “Often its only 10% of your grade in class，” he said. “Youre paying so much money fo
42、r something that hardly affects your grade 一 but if you didn t have it，it would affect your grade enough. It would be bad to start out at a B or C. n Wolverton said he spent $500 on access codes for digital books and programs this semester.M Harper, a poultry (家禽）science major, is taking chemistry a
43、gain this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework. She rented her economics and statistics textbooks for about $20 each. But her access codes for homework, which cant be rented or bought second-hand, were her most expensive purchases: $120 and $85.N She still remembers the stin
44、g of her first experience skipping an assignment due to the high prices. “We dont really have a missed assignment policy，” she said. “If you miss it，you just miss it. I just got zeros on a couple of first assignments. I managed to pull everything back up. But as a scared freshman looking at their gr
45、ades，its not fun.”（分数：71.0）(1).A students yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for two months.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(2).The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(3).If a student takes a
46、 course again, they may have to buy a new access code to submit their assignments（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(4).McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college textbooks.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(5).Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering onli
47、ne digital products, which they believe will be the future of the publishing business.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(6).One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the high tuition.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(7).Digital materials can cost students l
48、ess than half the price of traditional printed books according to a publisher.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(8).One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pay for her part-time job.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(9).Online systems may deprive teachers of opportu
49、nities to make the best use of their expertise for their students.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.(10).Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook business.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.Section C(总题数：2，分数：142.00)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passageFor thousands of years, people have kn
