1、大学四级-60 及答案解析(总分：713.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.有人认为一个学生应该如图成为一个“专才”； 2然而其他人认为学生应该成为“通才”才能在现代社会立足； 3你的看法。（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to read the passages quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For que
2、stions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Airplane InstrumentsModern airplanes are complicated machines. Pilots need many gauges (量表) and electronic aids to help fly them. Th
3、e flight deck of a large passenger plane contains many indicator dials and warning lights. One of the most important instruments is the altimeter, which tells the pilot how high the plane is off the ground. The air speed indicator measures the planes speed. The artificial horizon shows the position
4、of the plane relative to the horizon. The turn and back indicator shows how much, if at all, the plane is turning and tilting. In dense clouds and fog, a pilot would not always know which way the plane is heading if it werent for this instrument. A gyrocompass (旋转罗盘) and various radio devices are ne
5、cessary for navigation.Most large planes also have an automatic pilot. This is a device operated by a computer. It will fly the plane without the pilots touching the controls. These autopilots can even control takeoffs and landings. The flight deck also contains many gauges and meters that tell the
6、pilot whether the many pieces of equipment on the plane are operating properly. They measure fuel level, temperatures, cabin pressure, electric current, etc. Indicators show whether the landing gear is up or down. The radio equipment allows the pilot to talk to ground controllers and to receive navi
7、gation signals.Airplane ConstructionEarly airplanes were made of wood frames covered by fabric and held in shape by wire. After World War , airplane designers started to use lightweight metals like aluminum, titanium, and magnesium alloys. A thin skin of metal was riveted into place over metal ribs.
8、 Strong epoxy (环氧的) glues are now used for some joints, instead of rivets. As planes grew in size, they became heavier. More powerful engines were developed in order to fly the heavier planes.The use of metals brings with it a problem called metal fatigue. Stress and vibration in flight can cause me
9、tal parts eventually to break up. Airplanes must be constantly checked for signs of this trouble. Defective parts must be renewed by aircraft maintenance people.Designers test scale models in wind tunnels before the full sized planes are built. Reactions of the models to high speed air streams give
10、good indications how full sized planes will react in flight. This approach helps save a lot of money. It also helps to make airplanes safe.AirportAn airport is a place where airplanes arrive and depart. Passengers leave and arrive on the airplanes and cargo is loaded and unloaded. Large, jet powered
11、 airplanes require long runways for takeoffs and landings. Big terminal buildings are necessary to handle thousands of passengers and their baggage. Very large airports usually serve several large cities and cover thousands of acres. Hundreds of planes arrive and depart daily. All this traffic must
12、be carefully controlled to avoid delays and accidents. This is done from a control tower. The tower stands high above the ground. Air traffic controllers, inside the tower, must be able to guide airplanes through their takeoffs and landings.Large airports are often like small cities. Many have post
13、offices, banks, hotels, restaurants, and many kinds of shops. Airports have their own fire and police departments, fuel storage tanks, and repair work shops. Some companies even have their shipping warehouses located at airports.One of the largest airports in the world is in Grapevine, Texas, midway
14、 between the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth. This airport covers 7,200 hectares (18,000 acres). Its five terminals can handle the arrivals and departures of 90 jumbo jets at the same time. OHare International Airport, in Chicago, is the busiest airport in the world. It handles more than 37 million
15、passengers a year.Small airports that are used only by private airplanes usually cover 20 to 40 hectares (50 to 100 acres). They do not need all the buildings and services of a large airport. The control tower may be just a small room in a building at ground level.RunwaysEarly planes were light. Ear
16、ly runways were sometimes just level grass fields. Paved runways became necessary when airplanes became heavier and faster. Todays big jet planes weigh hundreds of tons. They move along runways at speeds of 160 kph (100 mph). When they land, the runways take a lot of pounding and must be made of con
17、crete or asphalt (沥青). They must have solid foundations and a surface that prevents skidding.Airplanes take off into the wind in order to get better lift. They also land into the wind to have better control as they slow down. Most airports have runways pointing in different directions. This means th
18、at there are always runways on which airplanes can go into the wind as they take off and land.Heavily loaded passenger jets need long runways to gather enough speed to leave the ground. Runways at some large airports are longer than 3,000 m (10,000 ft).At night, bright lights line the runways so tha
19、t pilots can find them without trouble. A system of flashing guide lights is set up beyond the runway to help pilots land safely. Control TowersPeople who work in control towers are called air traffic controllers. They direct the movements of all planes on the ground and in the air by keeping track
20、of them on large radar screens. Air traffic controllers tell a pilot, by radio, when and where to taxi or pilot the plane down the runway.Electronic equipment is used to guide airplanes. Long range radar is used to keep track of planes far away from the airport. This radar is called Ground Control A
21、pproach (GCA). When the airplane gets within a few miles of the runway, the air traffic controller begins to use Precision Approach Radar (PAR). This allows the controller to guide the airplane to within 0.4 km (0.25 mi) of the runway. At that point, the pilot completes the landing. Another electron
22、ic aid used in bad weather is the Instrument Landing System (ILS). In this system, radio transmitters located near the runway send guidance signals to the airplane. These signals tell the pilot how to steer the plane for the final approach to the runways. Today, there are also electronic “microwave“
23、 landing systems (MLS) that can land the plane fully automatically.Terminal BuildingsTerminal buildings vary in size and shape. Most of them are quite large. More than 228 million people fly on the airlines in America every year. Every passenger must pass through terminals. Long, covered walkways le
24、ad from the center of some terminals to the gates where airplanes are boarded. At some airports, buses are used to transport passengers to their airplanes. Passengers arriving from another country must pass through customs and passport control. Customs officials check the incoming baggage for taxabl
25、e items. They also check passengers to be sure no forbidden items are brought into the country. Passport officials check the passports of passengers for personal identification.Passengers are not allowed to bring guns, knives, or other weapons onto a passenger airplane. Before boarding, they must wa
26、lk through a detector which triggers a special signal if they are carrying anything made of metal. Luggage is also examined for weapons. This is done to ensure the safety of the passengers.（分数：70.00）(1).The main purpose of this passage is to introduce the history of airplanes.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).The
27、 device of an automatic pilot can usually fly a plane more smoothly than a human pilot.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).With the help of the radio equipment, pilots are able to communicate with ground controllers.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).We can tell from the passage that early airplanes are not as solid as modem ones
28、.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).According to the passage, the busiest airport in the world is in Grapevine, Texas, midway between the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).The runways should be long and solid enough for the heavily loaded jets.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).Precision Approach Radar (PAR) is
29、 used by air traffic controllers to keep track of airplanes far away from the airport.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).The planes can be landed fully automatically if the control towers are equipped with _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).After getting off the plane, every passenger arriving from another country must pass th
30、rough _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).When passengers go through a detector before they board, and anything made of metal is detected, the detector triggers _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 l
31、ong conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and dec
32、ide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.（分数：35.00）(1). A. The man is out of shape. B. The man doesnt need a new racket. C. The man also needs new tennis shoes. D. The man spent too much on his tennis shoes.（分数：7.00）A.B.
33、C.D.(2). A. Husband and wife. B. Host and maid. C. Customer and salesman. D. Brother and sister.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. 100. B. 90. C. 110. D. 80.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. He will go to work in the gym. B. He will go to visit in the gym. C. He will go to the gym to do physical exercise. D. He will p
34、ass the gym.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. He didnt know the party would begin so early. B. He had difficulty finding his way. C. He went to the wrong town. D. The town had too many streets.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Post office. B. Booking office. C. Bank. D. Railway station.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).
35、 A. The plot was not convincing. B. The plot was simple, too. C. The man was the same as the reality. D. The movie was impressive because of the plot.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Its not as hard as expected. B. Its too tough for some students. C. Its much more difficult than people think. D. Its believe
36、d to be the hardest optional course.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. In a college bookstore. B. In a lecture hall. C. In a library. D. In a dormitory.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. English. B. Biology. C. Introduction to English Liter
37、ature. D. A required course.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. He lives on the 10th floor of Butler Hall. B. He never wants to listen to students. C. He used to teach biology. D. He is an excellent professor.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1).
38、A. When to move. B. Where to live the following year. C. How much time to spend at home. D. Whose house to visit.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Take some money to the housing office. B. Inform the director of student housing in a letter. C. Fill out a form in the library. D. Maintain a high grade average.
39、（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Both live on campus. B. Both live off campus. C. The man lives on campus; the woman lives off campus. D. The woman lives on campus; the man lives off campus.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Grades. B. Privacy. C. Sports. D. Money.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Direct
40、ions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some question. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corre
41、sponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Troubles the children have in high education. B. Reasons why many students cannot finish high school. C. Factors that lead to good
42、 student achievement. D. Advantages and disadvantages of homeschooling children.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Qualified teachers. B. Parental involvement. C. Types of schools. D. Income status.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. They score better than other groups of children. B. Only one in three of them needs rem
43、edial classes. C. They have better social status than kids in public schools. D. They do not need much support at home.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. It can help lower the temperature above it. B. The city would be made
44、more beautiful. C. More wildflowers would be held. D. There would be more lost grassland.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. To build fewer skyscrapers. B. To create a green roof of buildings. C. To plant more trees and grasses. D. To construct more parking lots.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Life span of different
45、kinds of roofs. B. Urban water management system. C. The benefits of a green roof. D. Tips on how to reduce air pollution.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. Diet. B. Weight control. C. Aerobic exercise. D. Eating habits an
46、d exercise.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Nuts. B. Sugar. C. Vegetable oil. D. Dairy products.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Forty or fifty minutes of exercise once a week. B. Twenty or thirty minutes of exercise every day. C. Fifteen or twenty minutes of exercise five days a week. D. Thirty or forty minutes of
47、 exercise three or four days a week.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Carbohydrates. B. Indirect fat. C. Body fluid. D. Fat.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully
48、 for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the
