1、大学英语六级 82 及答案解析(总分：428.03，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter to a Schoolmate. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 假设你是李明，你有一校友玩网络游戏成瘾，请给他写封信，劝告他戒掉这种游戏
2、 你的信应包括以下内容： 1你得知他玩网络游戏成瘾的渠道及你的感受； 2过分玩网络游戏的危害； 3你对他的建议或忠告。 （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Power Struggle Arnold Schwarzenegger has a mission: he wants to terminate global warming. In June, the California governor called for the state to cut down drastically its greenhouse-gas emissi
3、ons to 80% of 1990 levels in the next 45 years. “The debate is over,“ he said in a forthright speech in San Francisco. “We know the science. We see the threat. And we know the time for action is now.“ This was fighting talk, but if any advanced economy can pull off such drastic cuts in emissions, th
4、is high-technology Pacific Rim state and its 36 million residents probably can. Schwarzenegger has help. He gets support from a team of state energy-conservation experts who have been in the business for years. And first among them is Arthur Rosenfeld. More than three decades ago, Rosenfeld helped t
5、o trigger the states successful fight to cut energy consumption; today he is one of the five members of Californias Energy Commission. Rosenfeld spent decades as a physics professor at the University of California, Berkeley. He now commutes weekly between his home overlooking San Francisco Bay and S
6、acramento, the capital, in an energy-saving car that the state provides. The Energy Commissions job isnt easy: to help the most populous US state figure out how it might cut greenhouse-gas emissions and make money doing it. Under control In his office, Rosenfeld pulls out a data plot of which he is
7、particularly fond. It shows electricity consumption per capita from 1960 to 2002, with one line for California and one for the United States. In 1960, both lines sit at 4,000 kilowatt-hours per person. They rise at roughly the same pace to about 7,000 kilowatthours in the early 1970s. But at the poi
8、nt when the US energy crisis struck that decade, the lines diverge dramatically: California virtually flatlines its energy use per citizen even though its economy was outpacing the rest of the nation. The states electricity use per capita today is the lowest in the nation at 6,800 kilowatt-hours, co
9、mpared with 12,800 kilowatthours for the country overall. The strategies that helped California achieve those conservation goals may now help it in its greenhouse-gas cuts. State energy experts, including Rosenfeld, dont foresee California adopting many radical new technologies to meet its ambitious
10、 goals. Rather, a steady application of proven technologies should do much of the job. Californias $1.5-trillion gross annual product makes it the worlds sixth largest economy, behind France and ahead of Italy. It is the planets ninth-largest emitter of greenhouse gases. “California is not an insign
11、ificant actor, and we are seen as a world leader in protecting the environment,“ says Eileen Tutt, a senior officer at the California Environmental Protection Agency. Still, the governors pledge, made on the United Nations World Environment Day, invited more support. Schwarzenegger is a tax-cutting
12、Republican who is deeply suspicious of government regulation. Beset by budget fights and union opposition, he has dropped in popularity with the states generally Democratic voters since his election two years ago. But his energy policies, building on those of a string of governors of both parties, g
13、et him reputation from longtime activists. “The governor is a real-life climate action hero today,“ Nancy Ryan, a senior economist with the group Environmental Defense, told reporters. Specifically, Schwarzenegger vowed that California will cut its greenhouse-gas emissions to below 2000 levels by 20
14、10 and to less than the 1990 level of 373 million tonnes by 2020. But then the governor added the final, ambitious goal to cut emissions by a further 80% by 2050. Out on a limb His policy stands in opposite contrast to that of the federal administration under President George W. Bush, who has refuse
15、d to ratify the Kyoto Protocol to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. The president has said that such action would squeeze the US economy too much. California officials say that they can do it while boosting the economy and creating jobs. The states strong environmental policies in the past, they poin
16、t out, occurred while its economy thrived. Success will require the cooperation of several interlocking agencies. The Energy Commission plays a major role, as do the states Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board and Public Utilities Commission. Schwarzeneggers proclamation renewed thei
17、r “absolute licence to go out and make California a model country for greenhouse policies“, says Stephen Schneider, a physicist and climate-policy analyst at Stanford University. State officials have much at stake. Californias climate could change utterly if a warmer world redirected storm paths. Ri
18、sing temperatures could cause winter rain instead of snow in the Sierra Nevada mountains, triggering floods for which the states aqueducts(沟渠) and dams are not prepared. Plus, its coast is vulnerable to a rise in sea level. Other states have also recognized their vulnerability to climate change, and
19、 have independently taken climate policy into their own hands. Local legislators, from mayors of cities to state governors, have begun their own versions of Kyoto-like regulations. In the northeast, nine states have agreed to limit carbon dioxide emissions from more than 600 power plants in the regi
20、on. On the west coast, California has joined with Oregon and Washington in a governors initiative to encourage energy efficiency and conservation. But of all the states, Californias example has caused effect: in recent years many other states have adopted Californias standards for car pollution rath
21、er than the more lax federal standards. And the state is now attracting international attention. In September, its Public Utilities Commission, Energy Commission and the Pacific Gas and Electric Company signed a pact (合同) with Chinas Jiangsu province to train officials and utility executives in ener
22、gy-conservation tactics. Earlier this month, Schwarzenegger led a sales delegation to China to tout (吹捧) the states energy-saving technologies, and another team from the states Air Resources Board travelled to Belgium to brief European air-quality experts on energy policies. Californias approach to
23、energy conservation has helped it save money. The state sets electricity rates for private utilities, and sometimes provides subsidies to help power companies induce customers to cut their consumption. If they do, the state gives money back to the companies through rate adjustments and other payment
24、s that makes up for what the firms would have earned had they built additional power plants. The Energy Commission calculates that the total power bill for residents is about $16 billion lower each year than if the state had not launched its conservation campaign. Conservation has also managed to pr
25、event some 18 million tonnes of carbon pollution being emitted from power plants equivalent to taking 12 million cars off the roads. After allowing for the cost of measures such as changed building practices, appliances and subsidies, the net saving is about $12 billion. And deeper energy cuts shoul
26、d pay more, the commission says. The Air Resources Board estimates that planned reductions in greenhouse-gas emissions by 2020, from motor vehicles alone, could save Californians $256 million annually by 2010 (mostly from smaller fuel bills), and $4.8 billion annually by 2020. Cut and dried? But wil
27、l the states longer-term emissions policy succeed? Schneider is unsure how cost-effective the whole plan will be. Earlier stages may pay for themselves, he says, but the final leap to the 80% cut is unlikely to come without costs. “It would take a total modification of our fuel infrastructure(基础设施),
28、 he notes. So far, even state planners arent sure how they will meet the later goals. “We dont have the details, but well have a report to the governors office in January,“ says Tutt. Some fresh ideas are already in the works. One notion, is to place 1 million solarpanel (太阳能) systems on rooftops b
29、y 2018. California gets about 11% of its electricity from geothermal, wind, biomass and solar units; for the United States overall, the number is around 2%. California aims to increase its share of renewable sources to 20% by 2010 and to 33% by 2020. Also helpful will be the vehicle clean-up legisla
30、tion enacted just before Schwarzeneggers arrival. This requires car manufacturers, starting in 2009, to cut greenhouse-gas emissions from new cars and trucks by 22% by 2013 and 33% by 2017. But the law remains in dispute perhaps predictably, car companies have sued. They argue that carbon dioxide is
31、 not a pollutant, and that regulating it at state level would pre-empt (先占) federal control over the fuel-efficiency standards in new cars. In the long run, the governor has chosen hydrogen-fuelled cars as his personal crusade. Wind power figures large in state plans. California pioneered wide-scale
32、 use of it and already has more than 14,000 wind turbines. In a good breeze their combined capacity is 2,100 megawatts about the same as two nuclear power plants. State energy officials estimate that wind alone, in principle, can generate an additional 30,000 megawatts. （分数：71.00）(1).Arnold Schwarze
33、negger is the California governor.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The job of Californias Energy Commission is to help US to cut down greenhouse-gas emissions.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The electricity consumption per capita in America is 12,800 kilowatt-hours today.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).To realize its goal, Cal
34、ifornia will adopt many new technologies.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Schwarzeneggers energy policies get him reputation_.（分数：7.10）_(6).Schwarzeneggers energy policy is_ to that of the federal administration under President George W. Bush.（分数：7.10）_(7).The policys success requires the cooperation between_
35、 _,_, and_.（分数：7.10）_(8).Many local governments, from cities to state, have enacted (通过法案) their own versions of_ regulations of climate policy.（分数：7.10）_(9).According to the Energy Commission, the total power bill for residents in California is about_ if the state had not launched its conservation
36、 campaign.（分数：7.10）_(10).California obtains about 11% of its electricity from_,_, _and_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.He thinks that there wont be enough seats for everybody.B.He thinks that the speaker wont show up.C.He thinks the seminar wont be open to the public.D.He thinks t
37、hat there might not be any more tickets available.A.Their father is unable to keep his promise.B.Their father is going on a vacation without her.C.Their father isnt telling her the truth.D.Their father doesnt want to travel abroad.A.John didnt pass, although he had tried his best.B.John did better t
38、han he thought he was able to.C.John got an excellent score, which was unexpected.D.John was disappointed at his math score.A.The roof of the womans house needs to be repaired.B.The roof of the mans house has several bad leaks.C.The womans bathroom was badly damaged.D.The man works for a roofing com
39、pany.A.Mr. Smith will be replaced if he makes another mistake.B.Mr. Smith is an admirable chief of the Asian department.C.Mr. Smiths department is more successful than all the others.D.Mr. Smith is seldom in his office.A.She doesnt have a fax machine.B.She may quit her present job soon.C.She is tire
40、d of her present job.D.Her phone number has changed.A.Someone has taken away her luggage.B.Her flight is SO minutes late.C.Her luggage has been delayed.D.She cant find the man shes been waiting for.A.To do whatever the committee asks him to.B.To make decisions in agreement with the committee.C.To ru
41、n the committee hid way.D.To make himself the committee chairman.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Fried chicken.B.Sandwiches.C.Pizza.D.Kebabs.A.Seven times.B.Five times.C.At least seven times.D.At least five times.A.It tastes good.B.It is cheap.C.It is healthy.D.It is convenient.A.Because it is short of
42、 vitamins.B.Because it is not very clean.C.Because there are additives.D.Because there are not many varieties.A.The man.B.The woman.C.They pay for their own dinner respectively.D.Someone else.A.Because it serves only a few specialties.B.Because its too crowded.C.Because its too costly.D.Because the
43、service is too slow.A.There arent many varieties of food at lunch counters.B.Some school kids eat in school cafeterias.C.Workers go back home to have lunch.D.The woman likes American food. Section B五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)A.As much as 93%.B.As much as 80%.C.As much as 75%.D.As much as 60%.A.Food
44、will go bad.B.Food will be checked.C.The bacteria will be found on food.D.Food will not go bad so soon.A.Hot water.B.Ice.C.Hot air.D.Cold water.A.The removal of water in food helps prevent it from going rotten.B.The open-air method of drying food has been known for hundreds of years.C.In the course
45、of dehydration, the temperature of hot current coming from entry to exit is gradually going up.D.The process of drying liquids is much more complex than that of drying solid food.A.Record of changes in his own intelligence.B.Work with people in different climates.C.Records of temperature changes.D.A
46、ll records of changes in mental abilities.A.They have a great effect on everyones intelligence.B.They have some effect on many peoples intelligence.C.They have some effect on a few peoples intelligence.D.They have no effect on most peoples intelligence.A.Spring and fall.B.Summer and spring.C.Winter
47、and summer.D.Fall and winter.A.Content of dreams.B.Dreamers while they dream.C.The meaning of dreams.D.The process of sleeping.A.Everyone dreams every night.B.Dreams are easily remembered.C.Dreams are easily forgotten.D.People usually have one dream a night.A.Relax.B.Fidget.C.Lie perfectly still.D.Make more eye movements.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Library of Congres
