1、大学英语六级（2013 年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 239及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on direct and indirect experience by referring to the saying “Youll learn more about a road by traveling it than by c
2、onsulting all the maps in the world“ You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can get more direct experience. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：11，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A
3、.Putting up posters for her works.B.Attending an art class.C.Decorating her dorm room.D.Organizing a global tour.A.Two dimensional.B.Three dimensional.C.Colorful.D.Detailed.A.She earned a lot of money.B.She learned many things.C.She was acquainted with many people.D.She became an art major.A.Hold an
4、 exhibition on campus.B.Go to New York City.C.Enter for the tour to Boston.D.Meet the European painters.A.They clustered in caves.B.They traveled in groups.C.They had a refined language.D.They fed mostly on fruit.A.Looked for caves.B.Burned trees.C.Went to the sea.D.Built wooden houses.A.They lived
5、in sturdy shelters.B.They used sand as insulation.C.They kept fires burning constantly.D.They faced their homes southward.A.Meet his anthropology teacher.B.Lend him her magazine when she finishes it.C.Come over to his house after class.D.Speak slowly for him to take notes.5.Section B_A.Women would l
6、ike to stay at home.B.People were more friendly.C.Students paid for their board.D.Immigration was encouraged.A.There are too many of them.B.They have a bad reputation.C.They dont pay taxes.D.They are not cooperative.A.Paying the families who volunteer.B.Appealing to all sorts of families.C.Giving co
7、mpulsory orders to young couples.D.Arranging homemakers for those families.A.Trouble.B.Youthful feeling.C.Companionship.D.Pressure.A.A water current struck his ship violently.B.A wave carried his ship far away.C.Great noise came down from the sky.D.Rough storms suddenly occurred.A.Kidnap by aliens.B
8、.Kidnap by ghosts.C.Attack from sea creatures.D.Transportation to other times and places.A.Fast currents sweep away the wreckage caused by terrible weather.B.The magnetic power draws them down to the ocean bottom.C.Some planes or ships lose contact with their remote controllers.D.Icebergs destroyed
9、the passing vehicles and enclosed them.6.Section C_A.He is a well-known comic movie star.B.He is a famous technician of mobile technology.C.He is one of Hollywoods renowned filmmakers.D.He is one of the best known film investors.A.Ability to combine technology and entertainmentB.Ability to make ever
10、y story as long as possible.C.Ability to find famous actors or actresses for the film.D.Ability to tell a story with an emotional grabbing point.A.There were crossover films and their makers.B.Many new filmmakers won awards.C.There was much sponsorship for crossover films.D.More musicians than actor
11、s attended this film festival.A.Create images making people stop thinking.B.Run after many fun things in life.C.Try things that doctors think impossible.D.Freeze a big animal in a block of ice.A.Staying in a glass box for 44 days just with water.B.Throwing cheeseburgers on a plane around London.C.Ha
12、ving his research paper published in a journal.D.Surviving in a box without air for an hour.A.The ambition to become the greatest magician.B.The reality that he failed in a swimming race.C.The magician Houdini and his underwater challenges.D.Houdinis refusal to teach him holding breath underwater.A.
13、He fell in a trap made by a hunter.B.He hurt his brain by staying underwater.C.He was drowned in an icy river.D.He was trapped underwater for 45 minutes.A.When the President and the First Lady danced in the White House.B.When an old slave was interviewed about American Black History.C.When an old la
14、dy danced with the President and the First lady.D.When some African American children visited the White House.A.Working out for some time every day.B.Keeping ones ideals of youth and belief.C.Keeping a good mood every day.D.Using health care products every day.A.He died on the very day of his 96th b
15、irthday.B.He closed his door and never went out in his nineties.C.He became a famous reporter at the age of 92.D.He worked harder as he was getting older.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how
16、 smart humans are. Consider the fruit-fly experiments described by Carl Zimmer in the Science Times. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 1 to live shorter lives. This suggests that dimmer bulbs burn longer, that there is a(n) 2 in not being too bright. Intelligence,
17、it turns out, is a high-priced 3 . It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow off the starting line because it depends on learninga(n) 4 processinstead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things theyve apparently learned is when to stop. Is there an adaptive
18、 value to limited intelligence? Thats the question behind this new research. Instead of casting a wistful glance 5 at all the species weve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real costs of our own intelligence might be. This is on the 6 of every animal weve ever met. Research on
19、animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would 7 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, for instance, is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that if animals ran the labs, they would test us to 8 the limits of our patience, our
20、faithfulness, our memory for locations. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really for, not 9 how much of it there is. Above all, they would hope to study a 10 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? So far the results are inconclusive.A) mind E) advantage
21、I) aptly M) tendedB) fundamental F) happened J) overcome N) inclinationC) gradual G) spontaneous K) option O) performD) determine H) backward L) merely（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_Eating Our YoungA At Feltonville School of Arts and Scie
22、nces, a middle school in a poor neighborhood of Philadelphia, the school year began chaotically as budget cuts took effect. With the cuts meaning no school nurse or counselor, teachers fill the gaps, disrupting lessons to help students in distress. And the problems are not small: A boy was stabbed i
23、n the head with a pencil by a fellow student; a girl reported sexual assault by an uncle; another refused to speak after the brutal murder of a parent. And that was just the start of the school year. To make matters worse, budget cuts are hurting essential academic programs.B Across the United State
24、s, whether its schools, food stamps, health care or entry-level jobs, the young are feeling the force of government cutbacks. This year, the young and vulnerable especially have been hit hard through automatic federal spending cuts to programs like Head Start, nutrition assistance, and child welfare
25、. Financial crises in cities like Philadelphia and Detroit have meant another wave of school budget cutbacks. And title weak job market is hurting the youngest workers most, with youth unemployment more than double the national jobless rate.C This is not just an American problem. In Europe, too, rig
26、id budgets are squeezing even basic education and health needs. As governments strain to cover budget shortfalls and appease (缓解) debt fears, the young are losing out. “Were underinvesting in our children,“ said Julia Isaacs, a senior fellow at the Urban Institute and a child policy expert “Looking
27、at future budget trends and the fact that Congress doesnt want to raise taxes, I can see childrens programs continuing to be squeezed.“ D That has implications for long-term economic growth. Cutting back on the young is like eating the seed com: satisfying a momentary need but leaving no way to grow
28、 a prosperous future. E Is America overspending on its young? Public spending in the U.S. on children came to $12,164 per child in 2008, in current dollars, according to Kids Share, an annual report published by the Urban Institute. Of that total, about a third came from the federal government and t
29、wo thirds from state and local governments. Compare that to what we spend on the elderly, which primarily comes from the federal government. According to the Urban Institute, public spending on the elderly, in current dollars! was $27,117 per person in 2008, more than double the spending on children
30、.F The trend is the same across the developed world. Julia Lynch, a political science professor at the University of Pennsylvania, studied 20 countries in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development between 1985 and 2000 and found each spent more public funds on the elderly than on the
31、 young. But there were large differences among them. She found the most youth-oriented welfare states were the Netherlands, Canada, Australia, and in Scandinavia, while the most elderly-oriented were Japan, Italy, Greece, the U.S., Spain, and Austria. Somewhere in the middle were Germany, France, Be
32、lgium, Luxembourg, and Portugal.G Since the 1960s, federal spending on kids in the U.S. had been rising. That trend ended in 2011, when it dropped by $2 billion to $377 billion. A year later the figure plunged even moreby $28 billion. And spending on kids is planned to shrink further over the next d
33、ecade. The Urban Institute has forecast that federal spending on kids will decrease from 10 percent of the federal budget today to 8 percent by 2023. That decline will occur even as federal spending is expected to increase by $1 trillion over the same period.H So, what is the federal government spen
34、ding on? The budget can be roughly divided in the following way: 41 percent goes to the elderly and disabled portions of Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid; 20 percent to defense; 10 percent to children; 6 percent to interest payments on the debt; and 23 percent to all other government function
35、s. So if spending on kids does fall to 8 percent of the federal budget, and if interest payments rise along with higher interest rates over the same period, the federal government soon will be spending more on interest payments on the debt than on children.I Whats driving government cutbacks? Much c
36、an be tied to fears of rising national debt. Paradoxically, advocates of debt reduction claim they are acting in the interest of the young; our debts seem be too heavy for the next generation. But in a super competitive global economy, nations investing today in the well-being and education of the y
37、oung are writing the success stories of tomorrow.J Of course, the U.S. is investing in education. Roughly 65 percent of all public spending on kids is on education, and thats done primarily through state and local governments. But whether its early childhood education, elementary, middle, or high sc
38、hools, or universities and colleges, fewer resources are going into public education. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the number of teachers employed in kindergarten through year 12th grade, principals, superintendents and support staff, fell 2 percent between 2009 and 2011 while enroll
39、ment was steady.K The trend of putting fewer resources into public education is even more striking at the college level. Take the University of California for example: The average annual student charges for resident undergraduates have increased 275 percent in inflation-adjusted dollars since 1990 t
40、o 1991, while the universitys average per-student expenditures have decreased 25 percent in inflation-adjusted dollars over the same period. So as California students pay much more for their education than their parents did, theyre getting less.L Throughout the current downturn, unemployment has tai
41、led the workforce. The hardest hit has been the young. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, unemployment for 16-to-24-year-olds in July was 16.3 percent. That compares with our national jobless rate of 7.3 percent. And there are also large numbers of the young who are underemployed. Gallup r
42、ecently found that only 43.6 percent of Americans between the ages of 18 to 29 had a full-time job in June 2013.M High youth unemployment has implications for future earnings power. Economists who study the labor market have found that people who graduate from school without a job are likely to have
43、 lower wages in their career.N Even when the young land a job, investment in young workers isnt what it used to be. Training and education used to be part of any full-time job. Now, while global companies like Google advertise staff training, they tend to be the exception. Most companies have cut ba
44、ck over the years as corporate budgets are reduced and companies believe they can buy talent rather than grow it.O Whether because of government cutbacks or falling business investment, the young are facing tougher prospects than did their parents. And that raises irritating questions about the futu
45、re. Starting with the youngest, without solid nutrition and basic health care, children cant become engaged and active students. Without resources to teach and a secure support system, public schools cant turn out educated, smart kids. With the costs of college rising beyond the reach of many, large
46、 groups are being left behind. And with entry-level jobs and training scarcer than ever, the human capital necessary to grow Americas huge economy isnt being developed. The burden on todays young to support an aging society will groweven as the resources they are provided dont.（分数：20.00）(1).Not only America but also European countries are experiencing the budget-cutting trend.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).The federal spending on the young has been decreasing
