1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）-试卷 215 及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on one of the most popular sentences online, “REMEMBER. always act like youre wearing an invisible crown. “ You can c
2、ite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：12，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.The highest price of gold on Asian markets.B.The highest price of gold on African markets.C.The lowes
3、t price of gold on Asian markets.D.The lowest price of gold on African markets.A.When the price fell to its lowest level.B.When gold prices reached investors set targets.C.When lots of physical gold was consumed.D.When they are in the futures market.A.Birds and bats may fly into the turning blades.B
4、.Birds and bats cant stand high wind speed.C.Wind turbines can produce electricity.D.Wind turbines can release poisonous gas.A.It is made mostly of iron.B.It is made mostly of steel.C.It is made mostly of plastic.D.It is made mostly of paperboard.A.The hot conditions.B.The cold conditions.C.The wet
5、conditions.D.The dry conditions.A.Pollution will be more serious in popular beaches.B.Water quality may reach the lowest level.C.People may become infected with diseases.D.A warning system will be extremely urgent.A.Less than 18 hours.B.18 to 24 hours.C.More than 24 hours.D.More than 48 hours.5.Sect
6、ion B_A.He has got the first place in the test.B.He has got high scores in the test.C.He has been praised by his professor.D.He has passed all of the tests.A.A few weeks before the exam.B.A few months before the exam.C.A few days before the exam.D.A few hours before the exam.A.Ask his classmates.B.L
7、ook up some information.C.Go online to check them.D.Discuss them with his teachers.A.Classmates.B.Mother and son.C.Teacher and student.D.Headmaster and student.A.He has to meet an important client.B.He has to attend a meeting.C.He has to attend a business discussion.D.He has to sign an important con
8、tract.A.Help him buy some medicine.B.Change the time of the meeting.C.Send some documents to him.D.Book a 12 oclock flight.A.He has got a fever.B.He is allergic to drugs.C.He is allergic to cats.D.He has got the flu.A.Make an appointment with the doctor.B.Go to see the doctor directly.C.Find the roo
9、t cause of the mans allergy.D.Go to have a meeting in the mans company.6.Section C_A.They think it looks like flowers.B.They think it is full of passion.C.They use it to show respect to Christ.D.They think it is beautiful.A.France.B.The Caribbean.C.England.D.Canada.A.It is about the size of an egg.B
10、.It is with a brown skin.C.It is full of yellow seeds.D.It is about the size of an orange.A.A book.B.A clock.C.A shirt.D.A suitcase.A.Fastening her seat belts.B.Listening to the music.C.Enjoying the beauty of the evening sky.D.Sitting in a smoke-filled room.A.She lost her ticket.B.She was thought br
11、inging a time bomb.C.She made some mistakes.D.Her passport had some problems.A.They have unwritten regulations.B.They never punish the violators.C.They have the promising prospects.D.They have strict rules.A.He will be perceived as a successful person.B.He will be less likely to get promotion.C.He w
12、ill be more successful.D.He will be pushed aside by his colleagues.A.Try to modify it.B.Criticize it directly.C.Dont judge it.D.Shoot it down.A.He who creates the idea deserves the credit himself.B.It doesnt matter if a business owner borrows his employees idea.C.You can borrow other peoples idea if
13、 you work as a team.D.The victims will forget soon if you borrow his idea.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Researchers have identified 1.4 million animal species so farand millions remain to be discovered, named, and scientifically described. So how
14、much would it actually cost to 1every animal on Earth? A pair of Brazilian scientists has crunched(详细计算)the numbers and 2up with an answer: $ 263 billion. Thats way more than the $ 5 billion that famed Harvard University biologist Edward O. Wilson estimated back in 2000and that was for every species
15、 on Earth, not just animals. But even $ 263 billion would be a 3price to pay to understand the creatures that 4such essentials as agriculture, fisheries, new drugs, and energy sources, says ornithologist(鸟类专家)Joel Cracraft of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. “Literally, the w
16、orld economy runs on biodiversity,“ he says. “People dont understand really, deeply how much we depend on biodiversity.“ Most biologists agree that with extinction rates 5and climate change looming, the 6to document the planets biodiversityor biota(生物区)is urgent, 7considering the essential role thes
17、e life forms play in crop pollination, clean air, and other aspects of human 8“We are losing species by extinction faster than we are describing new species“ according to some estimates, says biologist Antonio Marques, who 9the new paper with Fernando Carbayo, both at the University of St. Paulo in
18、Brazil. “We have to know the biota to preserve and conserve the biota,“ he says. Besides the money, another huge 10to a complete understanding of the animal kingdom is a global shortage of taxonomists(分类学家), experts say. A)attempt F)effort K)obstacle B)cheaper G)enable L)small C)classify H)especiall
19、y M)soaring D)coauthored I)exactly N)well-being E)come J)identify O)yet（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_Cigarette Labels, Will They Work? A)The Food and Drug Administration(FDA)which has chosen nine images to be placed prominently on cigare
20、tte packs sold in the USA after Sep. 2010hopes theyll provide enough shock value. In the most sweeping anti-tobacco effort since the Surgeon Generals warning became forced on cigarette packaging in 1965, the FDA said Tuesday it will begin requiring tobacco marketers to cover the top half of cigarett
21、e boxes and 20% of tobacco advertisements with nine bluntly graphic anti-smoking images. B)The goal: reduce consumption among the nations 43 million smokers and prevent millions more, especially teens, from ever starting. The FDA selected the terrible images, which include pictures of rotting teeth
22、and gums, from 36 proposed last year. Cigarette marketers also will be required to place 1-800-QUIT-NOW numbers on new packaging. “These labels are frank, honest and powerful depictions of the health risks of smoking,“ said Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius. “With these warnings,
23、 every person who picks up a pack of cigarettes is going to know exactly what risk theyre taking.“ The images are the biggest change to cigarette warning labels since 1984, when the government began requiring cigarette packs and tobacco ads carry several health warnings. C)Cigarette consumption has
24、dropped from about 42% of the population since the mid-1960s, but has remained at about 21% since 2003, or about one in five adults, despite federal and state excise tax(特许权税)increases that have boosted prices to more than $ 5 a pack. D)The FDAs movewhich faces a challenge by tobacco marketers in fe
25、deral appeals court next month after a lower court ruling upheld the governments regulatory power over new packaging, imaging and warning labelsis a major advance for the anti-tobacco movement. E)“With 10 million cigarettes being sold every minute and more than 2 000 children under the age of 18 sta
26、rting to smoke each day, we dont have a moment to lose in protecting the American public, especially children, from the harm caused by these dangerous products,“ says Marion, president of the American Academy of Pediatrics(美国儿科协会). “This is a huge step forward in encouraging kids not to smoke and ad
27、ults to quit,“ says Paul, vice president of policy for the American Lung Association. About 40 countries, including Canada and Mexico, already require similar warnings, according to the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. F)Gregory, professor at Harvard Universitys School of Public Health and director o
28、f its Center for Global Tobacco Control, says the images arent as scary and over the top as Canadas images, which he notes have not lowered that nations smoking rates. “These messages are better,“ he says. “They show respect for smokers and adverse health consequences.“ A recent international study
29、from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that generally, such images are effective. About 25% to more than 50% of smokers say they make them more likely to quit. G)Smokers and non-smokers were split on the potential impact. “Its discrimination,“ says Davis, a 46-year-old Washington
30、D. C. resident who says she has been smoking for 20 years. “They already hit us with all these taxes on cigarettes,“ Davis says. “Now they are making us put up with this. I know the risks of smoking. Why dont they do something about alcohol addiction instead of always picking on us?“ “Ive seen befor
31、e and its not pleasant to look at,“ a young man says. “But Im used to people telling me not to smoke.“ Some health specialists say the warnings may offer only temporary warning effect and that smokers who repeatedly see such images may become insensitive to the message about the health risks of smok
32、ing. H)Anti-smoking efforts aimed at kids produce mixed results. The American Legacy Foundations 11-year “Truth Campaign“, funded by the tobacco industrys 1999 settlement with state governments, is considered among the most effective. The effort tells kids that tobacco marketers want to attract them
33、 to smoke to replace the thousands of older smokers who die each year. Teens aware of the campaign were twice as likely as others to say they had no plans to start smoking, according to a 2008 study by Health Education Research. By contrast, teens who saw Philip “Think Dont Smoke“ campaign had more
34、positive attitudes toward tobacco companies. “The so-called youth prevention campaigns that the tobacco industry runs are a farce(闹剧),“ says Sward of the American Lung Association. I)A Harvard School of Public Health survey of 1 000 US adults, being released today, finds that more than 70% of Americ
35、ans favor reducing nicotine(尼古丁)to non-addictive levels, but only half want a ban on cigarettes. J)Major cigarette makers have opposed labeling plans since the FDA was given the power to regulate tobacco products in 2009 under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. Brannon Cashion, p
36、resident of branding consultants Addison Whitney, says tobacco marketers have done a good job dealing with growing anti-smoking efforts. What they need to do is stress innovation, such as developing low nicotine and electronic cigarettes, he says. K)On Wall Street, tobacco stocks were little changed
37、. Philip parent Altria Group closed at $ 27. 31, down 1 cent, while Reynolds lost 8 cents to $ 38.17. Rival Lorillard gained 79 cents to $ 111. 89. “The cigarette companies are in an environment where their product is seen as dangerous,“ Cashion says. “In order to continue to manufacture the product
38、, they have to continue to put innovations in place that can do everything possible to make as safe an environment as possible for those who smoke and the people most affected with their smoking.“ L)Convenience stores, which sell about 85% of the cigarettes sold in this country, could take a hit bec
39、ause of the new labels. “A future beyond cigarettes could be complicated. Youll see stores selling more items like food to make sure they arent hurt,“ Says Jeff, spokesman for the National Association of Convenience Stores.（分数：20.00）(1).The American Legacy Foundations 11-year “Truth Campaign“ is con
40、sidered one of the most effective anti-smoking movements.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).The FDA will ask tobacco marketers to cover cigarette boxes with vivid anti-smoking pictures.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Sward doubts the youth prevention campaigns run by the tobacco industry.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Kathleen Sebelius
41、thinks that these labeling warnings will let smokers know the risk of smoking clearly.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).The tobacco marketers have well handled the problem of increasing anti-smoking efforts.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).The FDAs move is a big step for the anti-tobacco movement.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).According
42、 to Cashion, cigarette companies which wanted to continue to produce cigarettes should concentrate on innovations.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).Gregory believes that the messages required by the FDA show esteem for smokers and bad health consequences.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).Convenience stores would receive a blow
43、 due to the new labels.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).Some health specialists think the warnings may only affect smokers temporarily.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Section C_Everyone worries about catching a cold at the office, but if youve got a mean co-worker you might also be in danger of catching their rudeness, acco
44、rding to new research from the Journal of Applied Psychology. To reach their findings, researchers from the University of Florida tracked 90 graduate business school students practicing negotiation techniques with classmates, with each person practicing with multiple partners over 7 weeks. In the en
45、d, they found that those who rated their partner as rude were far more likely to be judged as rude themselves by a subsequent partner. They also found that people didnt seem to have any control over the spread. “What we found in this study is that the contagious(会蔓延的)effect is based on an automatic cognitive mechanismautomatic means it happens somewhere in the subconscious part of your brain, so you dont know its happening and cant do much to stop it,“ the studys lead author, Trevor Foulk, explained in an e-mail t
