1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 245及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Do One Thing at a Time, And Do It Well by commenting on the saying, “I can do many things well at a time if given c
2、hances.“ You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Do One Thing at a Time, And Do It Well（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：12，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.A businessman.B.A doctor.C.A full-time father.D.A lawmaker.A.Japan.B.The UK.C.The US.D.Austr
3、alia.A.It will be hard to hire enough qualified teachers.B.British government will decide to cut down educational fund.C.More and more students will not be qualified for graduation.D.Teachers pay will be restricted in England and Wales only.A.Offer more training to school leaders.B.Rethink the pay p
4、olicies for teachers.C.Increase the number of pupils.D.Reform the education system as a whole.A.She watched it on ABC News.B.She watched a video on YouTube.C.She witnessed it on the spot.D.She learned it from the fisherman.A.It snapped off the bait on the hook.B.It swung violently at the fisherman.C
5、.It sank deep in the sea and escaped.D.It struggled hard to unhook itself.A.He was shocked at the sight of the white shark.B.He failed to get his fishing hook back from the shark.C.He was frightened into throwing his fishing rod away.D.He managed to free the white shark from the hook.5.Section B_A.C
6、onsult the man about investment strategy.B.Draw a large amount of money.C.Ask the man for financial advice.D.Open some bank accounts.A.Daily expenses.B.Big expenses.C.Holidays.D.Education fee.A.Her ID card and passport.B.Her personal references.C.Her social security number.D.Her cover letter.A.A sal
7、esman.B.A real estate agent.C.A bank clerk.D.A consultant.A.It takes up much room.B.It was delivered the day before yesterday.C.It was sold at 15% discount.D.It is of the same size as the old one.A.It is of good quality.B.It works well.C.It is pretty huge.D.Its not functioning.A.He thinks its a good
8、 bargain.B.He finds its just what he needs.C.He will use it more often than before.D.He considers it as a symbol of wealth.A.Rearrange its place.B.Return it to the store.C.Sell it to her.D.Give it to his friend.6.Section C_A.Exposure to excessive noise.B.Lack of rest.C.Unpreventable accident.D.Inten
9、se work pressure.A.Moderate noise is harmless.B.Sound above 80 decibels can hurt hearing.C.Noise can make people feel stressed.D.There is no noise on campus.A.Do medical checkup regularly.B.Avoid making noise.C.Limit exposure to harmful noise.D.Live in the place without noises.A.Measure damaging noi
10、ses on campus.B.Make a list of campus noises.C.Figure out how to fight against noise.D.Explain the concept of noise.A.It costs no more than the normal construction.B.It does a poor job of facing extreme weather.C.It holds up much better to extreme weather.D.It impacts weather changes and the economy
11、.A.Wildfires.B.Famine.C.Flood.D.Plague.A.Make people come up with rough numbers and estimates.B.Make people use less energy and generate fewer gases.C.Help scientists figure out what the future will bring.D.Encourage companies to emit more carbon dioxide.A.You will be delighted.B.You will not be aff
12、ected.C.You may feel depressed.D.You will feel lonely.A.Social bonds will stay steady.B.One will lose many friends.C.People can make friends more easilyD.A social network will be destroyed.A.Transmit happy feelings to others.B.Reach out to people who need help.C.Pay more attention to lonely people.D
13、.Interact with a happy person frequently.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Back in the day, a good report card earned you a parental pat on the back, but now it could be money in your pocket. Experiments with cash incentives (激励) for students have bee
14、n catching on in public-school districts across the country, and so has the debate over whether they are a 1tool for hard-to-motivate students. According to a study 2today by the social-policy research group MDRC, a non-profit organization, cash incentives combined with counseling offered “real hope
15、“ to low-income and nontraditional students at two Louisiana community colleges. The program 3by the Louisiana Department of Social Services and the Louisiana Workforce Commission was simple: enroll in college at least half-time, 4at least a C average and earn $1,000 a semester for up to two terms.
16、Participants, who were randomly 5, were 30% more likely to register for a second semester than were students who were not offered the supplemental financial 6. And the participants who were first offered cash incentives in spring 2004and thus whose progress was tracked for longer than that of subseq
17、uent groups before Hurricane Katrina 7forced researchers to suspend the survey for several months in August 2005were also more likely than their peers to be enrolled in college a year after they had finished the two-term program. Students offered cash incentives in the Louisiana program earned more
18、8and were more likely to attain a C average than were nonparticipants. And they showed psychological 9too, reporting more positive feelings about themselves and their abilities to 10their goals for the future.A) abruptly E) brilliant I) fulfilled M) releasedB) accomplish F) claim J) funded N) retain
19、C) aid G) cooperative K) maintain O) selectedD) benefits H) credits L) naturally（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_Schools outside citiesA With its sandy beaches, charming ruins and occasionally blue waters, the Isle of Wight is a perfect spo
20、t off Englands southern coast. Wealthy Londoners sail their boats there. It seems odd that such a place should contain some of the worst-performing schools in England. But it does: and in this, the Isle of Wight is not quite as strange as it seems.B Provisional figures show that last year just 49% o
21、f 16-year-olds on the island got at least five C grades, including in English and maths, in GCSE exams. That is fewer than in any of Londons 32 boroughs (行政区), or indeed anywhere in the southern half of England apart from nearby Portsmouth. In the previous year the Isle of Wight was second to bottom
22、 in the whole country. Just 23% of pupils entitled to free school meals (a representative of poverty) got five decent grades, compared with a national average of 36%. In September the islands schools were deemed so bad that Hampshire County Council took them over.C Part of the explanation is distinc
23、tively local. Luring good teachers to an out-of-the-way spot is hard. In 2011 the island endured a confused transition from the sort of three-tier school system common in America, with primary, middle and secondary schools, to the two-tier one that is standard in England. But its results were bad ev
24、en before that change. The Isle of Wights real problems are structural. It suffers from three things that might appear to be advantages but are actually the opposite. The island lacks a large city: it has some, but not many, poor children: and it is almost entirely white.D Englands worst schools use
25、d to be urban, poor and blackor sometimes Asian. But these days pupils, including poor ones, often fare better in inner cities than elsewhere. In Tower Hamlets, an east London borough that is the third most deprived place in England, children entitled to free school meals do better in GCSE exams tha
26、n do all children in the country as a whole. Bangladeshis, who are concentrated in that borough, used to perform considerably worse than whites nationally: now they do better.E Poor whites are now the countrys signal educational underachievers. Just 31% of white British children entitled to free sch
27、ool meals got five good GCSEs two years ago, fewer than poor children from any other ethnic group. They fare especially badly in suburbs, small towns and on the coastplaces like the Isle of Wight.F Although the island contains pockets of poverty, it is hardly poverty-stricken: overall it comes 106th
28、 out of 326 local authorities in England on the governments deprivation index. A bigger problem is a pervasive lack of faith in education as a means of self-improvement. Steph Boyd, who runs a new free school on the island, says some parents doubt whether the education system can help their children
29、 not altogether surprising given the islands failings. A few are more anxious for their offspring to go out and get jobs. And nearby career options are limited, points out Pat Goodhead, the headmistress of Christ the King College, the islands best secondary school. The jobs pages of the County Press
30、, the local newspaper, are filled with advertisements for care workers, barmen and cleaners.The advantage of deep povertyG Oddly, the Isle of Wight might do better if it were poorer. Truly poor parts of England receive large amounts of government cash. Schools in Tower Hamlets get 7,014 a year for e
31、ach child, compared with 4,489 in the Isle of Wight. In addition, secondary schools get 900 for each poor child thanks to the “pupil premium“ introduced by the coalition government. Poverty-stricken spots also benefit from energetic, idealistic young teachers. Teach First, a programme that sends top
32、 graduates into poor schools for at least two years, started in London in 2002. Then it expanded to other big cities such as Manchester. Last year it started sending teachers to south coast towns, but in tiny numbers. Of the 1,261 graduates who joined the programme last year, just 25 were placed on
33、the entire south coast, compared with 553 in London.H Poor children do best in schools where they are either scarce or very numerous. Where they are few, teachers can give them plenty of attention. Where they are numerous, as in the East End of London, schools have no choice but to focus on them. Mo
34、st ill-served are those who fall in between, in schools where they are insufficiently numerous to merit attention but too many to succeed alone. The Isle of Wights six state secondary schools are all stuck in the unhappy middle: between 9% and 17% of the children in them are entitled to free school
35、meals.I One woman, who moved to the island from east London with her young daughter, suspects that the Isle of Wights lack of diversity is itself a problem. She may be right about that. Illiteracy among white British children can be easier to overlook than illiteracy among immigrants. Where schools
36、are forced to help the latter, natives often benefit too, says Matthew Coffey of Ofsted, the schools inspectorate. That seems to have happened in Lincolnshire, which has seen a surge in Portuguese and east European immigration.J The government and Ofsted are increasingly worried about the gap in att
37、ainment between poor white Britons and the rest. The Department for Education reckons changing the way schools success is measured could help. The current emphasis on grades of C and above encourages teachers to focus on children on the edge of attaining that grade, at the expense of those who do re
38、ally badly. Beginning in 2016 schools will have to track more closely the progress of each child, no matter what grades they are predicted to get. That should raise attentions of schools that have been able to coast along, ignoring the neediest, to give them more attention. But such reforms may not
39、make much difference on the Isle of Wight. Schools there have struggled even against the current benchmark.K They might look to east London for inspiration. The dramatic improvement in Tower Hamlets resulted partly from efforts to change local culture. Schools ran programmes through mosques to tackl
40、e absenteeism (旷课). Parents were encouraged to become governors. But change will be harder outside the capital. Tower Hamlets benefits from nearby Canary Wharf, the capitals second financial district, which supplies good jobs and middle-class advisers. The levers of change are less obvious where poo
41、r children are scattered thin. And there are fewer obvious institutions through which to try and improve the lot of the godless white majority.（分数：20.00）(1).Changing the way schools success is measured may of little help to improve the education of the Isle of Wight.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Compared with
42、 the illiteracy among immigrants, British white illiterates are easier to be neglected.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Poor children can receive enough attention either in schools with large number of poor students or those with few poor students.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).More than half of the 16-year-old students on
43、 the Isle of Wight failed to get at least five C grades in GCSE exams last year.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Parents in the Isle of Wight generally lack confidence in the education system.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).Poor schools in big cities embrace more young energetic teachers than those schools in south coast.（分
44、数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).Nowadays poor whites are the representatives of Britains educational underachievers.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).In Tower Hamlets, poor childrens performances in GCSE are better than those of any other children in the whole country.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).Changing local culture is one of the re
45、asons that Tower Hamlets obtain great progress in its school education.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).Two-tier school system did not exert positive influence on the Isle of Wights education.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Section C_Although the stigma (耻辱) once associated with mental illness has gradually gone away in recent years, most of the Americans who have clinical depression still dont get treated for it, partly because many are too embarrassed to go to a psychologist. In fact, the majority of depressed people who seek professio
