1、大学英语四级 134 及答案解析(总分：746.52，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled On Conserving Energy. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 能源短缺问题已非常严重； 2. 可以采取节能措施解决能源短缺问题； 3. 你的看法。 （分
2、数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Most Effective “Vaccine“ China began work related to the research, prevention and control of AIDS after the first AIDS patient was diagnosed in 1985: In 1986, the State Commission on AIDS Control was founded. In 1987, the State formulated the progra
3、m on the prevention and control of AIDS. In 1990, the Ministry of Health worked out a medium-term plan on the prevention and control of AIDS, which was composed of a state general plan and 13 provincial-level plans. In December 1994, at the world anti-AIDS summit, the Chinese Government signed the P
4、aris Declaration on the control of AIDS, making its own commitment to support global AIDS prevention and control work. In 1995, the Ministry of Health put forth several key measures on the prevention of AIDS and the focal points for future AIDS prevention and control work. In 1996, the State treasur
5、y began to appropriate special funds for AIDS prevention and control, which was then followed by 15 provinces, and 18 provinces began to set aside budgets for the prevention and control of AIDS in their annual public hygiene and epidemic prevention funds. In October, the Government decided to includ
6、e the prevention and control of AIDS in the Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996-2000) and the long-term program for socioeconomic development through the 21st century. Meanwhile, relevant ministries and commissions under the State Council, together with concerned organizations, divided work and responsibilit
7、ies for the prevention and control of AIDS, and 19 provinces established AIDS prevention commissions or coordination groups. In 1997, the State Council established the AIDS prevention and control coordination meeting system. In 1998, related departments formulated the program for the current AIDS pr
8、evention and control work The Long and Medium-Term Plan for the Prevention and Control of AIDS in China (1998-2000). Tremendous efforts are still being made to monitor, prevent and control the spread of AIDS. Persistent efforts have been devoted worldwide to research on AIDS and HIV vaccines, and pr
9、ogress has been made in this regard. However, this virus, originating from chimpanzees in Central and West Africa, imposes unprecedented difficulties and challenges to mankind. First, many of the medicines that have been developed so far are unable to thoroughly kill the virus, and the few medicines
10、 that do have a high treatment value are limited in use due to their toxicity, side effects and unaffordable prices. Second, efforts to develop an HIV vaccine have yet to make substantial progress. The virus genetic information in chromosomes can act as “time bombs“ for the creation of new viruses,
11、and variants of HIV may develop resistance against newly developed treatments, which add difficulties to the already challenging treatment process. Certain types of viruses may even not produce antigens, enabling them to escape from traditional testing methods and making them hard to diagnose. “ Und
12、er the current circumstances, with no effective medicines or bio-vaccines available, extensive publicity and education concerning the prevention and control of AIDS is the most important prevention and control method, and is also the most effective vaccine at present,“ said Liu Kangmai. In recent ye
13、ars, the Ministry of Health joined efforts with relevant departments to formulate the Principles on the Publicity and Education in the Prevention and Control of AIDS and STDs. The document requires all quarters to intensify the publicity and education of regulations and laws concerning the preventio
14、n and control of infectious diseases, management over blood products and medical institutions, blood donation and the Criminal Law, in cooperation with education in the fight against drug abuse and prostitution , and in the establishment of healthy and positive concepts of love, marriage, family and
15、 sex. Despite these efforts, however, publicity and education still lack effective methods when compared with the development of the epidemic situation. The number of people receiving publicity and education is still quite limited. According to Liu Kangmai, there is a large gap between urban and rur
16、al residents in knowledge regarding AIDS. Two small-scale sample surveys conducted by the Beijing AIDS Prevention and Control Center among urban residents found that 80 percent of the participants had some knowledge on AIDS. The rate among the rural and floating population is much lower. Liu once ma
17、de an investigation among long-distance truck drivers in Inner Mongolia and found that half of them were ignorant of AIDS. Two surveys conducted by the AIDS Prevention and Control Center under the Ministry of Health in 1995 and 1997 showed that 63. 7 percent and 60. 92 percent of the respective part
18、icipants knew about AIDS, with 95 percent of the informed groups obtaining their information on AIDS through the media. Research conducted by the China STDs and AIDS Prevention and Control Society since 1991 found that the high risk groups lack knowledge about AIDS. The investigation was conducted t
19、hrough question-aires, group discussions, on-the-spot observations and interviews among prostitutes, long-distance truck drivers, workers returning from service abroad and people who engage in promiscuous activities. Of the 410 female attendants who worked in roadside service establishments in the s
20、uburbs of three cities in Guangxi, 42 percent admitted that they had had multiple sex partners, with only 1.6 percent u-sing condoms. Of the 119 female attendants who worked in roadside service establishments in the suburbs of two cities in Shandong, 64 percent admitted they had offered sexual servi
21、ces, with less than 7 percent of them using condoms each time. All of the 221 female attendants working in roadside establishments in Hainan, averaging an age of 19, supported themselves with prostitution. Of them, 34 percent had never heard of AIDS, 35 percent were ignorant of STDs, 62 percent did
22、not realize that STD is a kind of infectious disease, and only 28 percent thought they might have contracted STDs. The 267 inmates in the womens reformatories in Beijing, Dalian, Xian and Nanjing, who were confined for prostitution, knew little about the channels for the spread of AIDS. Research con
23、ducted among 364 Guangxi and 160 Shandong long-distance truck drivers found that 43 percent and 23 percent of the respective groups had had multiple sex partners, and that less than 2 percent of them used condoms each time. A survey of 260 workers just about to go abroad for labor service showed tha
24、t 20 percent had had more than two sex partners, and that 5-7 percent said they would seek prostitutes abroad to satisfy their sexual needs. Prof. Liao Susu, who was involved in this research, said that since personal behavior is affected by numerous factors, such as society, economy, culture, polit
25、ics, personal understanding, consciousness and feelings, it is hard to change. She suggested taking an insensitive attitude toward the sensitive issue of AIDS. Some people believe that those with high risk lifestyles and those who have contracted HIV are bad elements or morally degenerate people, wh
26、ich is untrue, said Prof. Liao. Their problems should be resolved the same way as those of ordinary people, Liao argued. Some researchers boldly proposed masturbation to meet sexual needs, saying that it is a healthy form of sexual satisfaction and sexual release, and is much safer than promiscuity.
27、 Experts explain that while extensively applying legal means and carrying out moral education, health education should be conducted among both ordinary and high risk population groups. This will help promote safe sex and effectively prevent and control the spread of AIDS. （分数：71.00）(1).The State Com
28、mission on AIDS Control was founded soon after the State formulated the program on the prevention and control of AIDS.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Chinas long-term program for socioeconomic development through the 21st century may include the content about prevention and control of AIDS.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.N
29、G(3).In 1997, some provinces had established the AIDS prevention and control coordination meeting system respectively.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).The difficulty to control the AIDS is that the vaccines are very expensive.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).There may be some certain types of HIVs which have not been r
30、ecognized yet.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Blood donation may be banned according to the Principles on the Publicity and Education in the Prevention and Control of AIDS and STDs.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Publicity and education concerning the prevention and control of AIDS have turned out to be very effectiv
31、e according to the article.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The investigation on peoples knowledge about AIDS was conducted through questionnaires, group discussions , _and interviews.（分数：7.10）_(9).Of the 221 female attendants working in roadside establishments in Hainan, supported themselves with prostitutio
32、n, _had never heard of AIDS.（分数：7.10）_(10).There is a stereo type for those who have contracted HIV that they are bad elements or_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.The woman is seeing a doctor.B.The woman is a close friend of the man.C.The woman is tired of her work.D.The woman has
33、been working too hard.A.His mother cant make apple pies.B.This pie cant match his mothers.C.His mother likes the pie very much.D.This apple pie tastes very good.A.Take a walk.B.Listen to the music.C.Dance to the music.D.Give a performance.A.Read more than one article.B.Choose a better article to rea
34、d.C.Present a different theory to the class.D.Read an article on political science.A.The woman isnt a skillful typist.B.The woman should work as hard as Mary.C.The woman should do the typing for Mary.D.The woman would understand if she did Marys job.A.He wants to make an appointment with Mr. Smith.B
35、.He wants to make sure that Mr. Smith will see him.C.He wants to change the time of the appointment.D.He wants the woman to meet him at three oclock.A.He gets nervous very easily.B.He is an inexperienced speaker.C.He is an awful speaker.D.He hasnt prepared his speech well.A.She didnt like the books
36、the man bought.B.There wasnt a large selection at the bookstore.C.The man bought a lot of books.D.She wanted to see what the man bought.A.Buy a ticket for the ten oclock flight.B.Ask the man to change the ticket for her.C.Go to the airport immediately.D.Switch to a different flight.A.Dr. Lemon is wa
37、iting for a patient.B.Dr. Lemon is busy at the moment.C.Dr. Lemon has lost his patience.D.Dr. Lemon has gone out to visit a patient.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.The womans husband.B.The owner of the apartment.C.The apartment manager.D.The tenant who occupies the apartment now.A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.F
38、our.A.Because she thought the apartment was too small.B.Because it was the first apartment she had seen.C.Because her husband had not seen it.D.Because the rent was too high.A.This evening.B.Tonight.C.Sometime next week.D.Tomorrow.A.In the office.B.In a factory.C.At the airport.D.At the railway stat
39、ion.A.She was busy working.B.She was having a holiday.C.She wanted to get relaxed.D.She wanted to shop for Christmas.A.Helen didnt say goodbye to Mary.B.Mary likes the mans new design.C.Helen has to finish the products for the Christmas season.D.The man knows both Helen and Mary very well.A.Telephon
40、es or newspapers.B.Radios or TVs.C.Telephones or TVs.D.Radios or newspapers.A.Collect their luggage from the bus.B.Wait to be shown to their rooms.C.Find their own rooms.D.Be quiet.A.Guided Forest Walk.B.Beach Fishing Expedition.C.Moonlight Forest Walk.D.Waterfall Expedition.A.He was wounded in the
41、Spanish civil war.B.He was interested in the study of wild animals.C.He started the organization Heifer International.D.He sold his cows to many countries in the world.A.To help starving families to become self-supporting.B.To make plans for the development of poor communities.C.To teach people how
42、to use new skills to raise animals.D.To distribute food to the poor around the world.A.They should help other families the way they have been helped.B.They should offer all baby animals to their poor neighbors.C.They should submit a report of their needs and goals.D.They should provide food for the
43、local communities.A.It has improved animal breeding skills all over the world.B.It has helped relieve hunger in some developing countries.C.It has promoted international exchange of farming technology.D.It has bridged the gap between the rich and the poor in America.A.For education.B.To enjoy themse
44、lves.C.For adventure.D.To look for a different lifestyle.A.It has a dense population.B.It has many towering buildings.C.There are 200 vehicles for every kilometer of railway.D.There are many museums and palaces.A.It has many big and beautiful parks.B.It possesses many historical sites.C.It is a city
45、 of contrasts.D.It is an important industrial center.A.It makes our life more interesting.B.It enables us to acquire first-hand knowledge.C.It helps develop our personalities.D.It brings about changes in our lifestyle.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Tomato Growers Association, or TGA, has set out to
46、grow a (36) 1tomato at an ( 37 ) 2farm near San Diego, California. (38) 3 biotechnology and developments in DNA research, the TGA has determined to grow the “tomato of tomorrow. “ By (39) 4a repellent in the form of an odor, the tomato plant would be able to fight off (40) 5 by insects. It would (41
47、) 6disease and rot, and would maintain its shape when (42 ) 7at the bottom of a (43 ) 8 of tons of tomatoes. (44) 9. Its heavy, thick leaves would prevent it form becoming sunburned. All tomatoes on a plant would ripen at the same time, to prevent the loss from machine harvest of under-or-over ripened fruit. (45) 10. While development of this plant will prove to be extremely expensive, TGA scientists believe that (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)In communities north of Denver, residents are
