1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 134及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 1. 锻炼身体和平衡饮食 2哪个是保持健康的最佳办法 3我的观点 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questio
2、ns 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 The Earth Power and Light Compared to the rest of the univer
3、se, the Earth is very small. Our planet and eight (or maybe nine) others orbit the Sun, which is only one of about 200 billion stars in our galaxy. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is part of the universe, which includes millions of other galaxies and their stars and planets. By comparison, the Earth is m
4、icroscopic. Compared to a person, on the other hand, the Earth is enormous. It has a diameter of 7,926 miles (12,756 kilometers) at the equator, and it has a mass of about 61024 kilograms. The Earth orbits the Sun at a speed of about 66,638 miles per hour (29.79 kilometers per second). Dont dwell on
5、 those numbers too long, though; to a lot of people, the Earth is inconceivably, mind-bogglingly big. And its just a fraction of the size of the Sun. From our perspective on Earth, the Sun looks very small. This is because its about 93 million miles away from us. The Suns diameter at its equator is
6、about 100 times bigger than Earths, and about a million Earths could fit inside the Sun. The Sun is inconceivably, mind-bogglingly bigger. But without the Sun, the Earth could not exist, in a sense, the Earth is a giant machine, full of moving parts and complex systems. All those systems need power,
7、 and that power comes from the Sun. The Sun is an enormous nuclear power source-through complex reactions, it transforms hydrogen into helium, releasing light and heat. Because of these reactions, every square meter of our planets surface gets about 342 Watts of energy from the Sun every year. This
8、is about 1.71017 Watts total, or as much as 1.7 billion large power plants could generate. You can learn about how the Sun creates energy in How the Sun Works. When this energy reaches the Earth, it provides power for a variety of reactions, cycles and systems. It drives the circulation of the atmos
9、phere and the oceans. It makes food for plants, which many people and animals eat. Life on Earth could not exist without the Sun, and the planet itself would not have developed without it. To a casual observer, the Suns most visible contributions to life are light, heat and weather. Night and Day So
10、me of the Suns biggest impacts on our planet are also its most obvious. As the Earth spins on its axis, parts of the planet are in the Sun while others are in the shade. In other words, the Sun appears to rise and set. The parts of the world that are in daylight get warmer while the parts that are d
11、ark gradually lose the heat they absorbed during the day. You can get a sense of how much the Sun affects the Earths temperature by standing outside on a partly cloudy day. When the Sun is behind a cloud, you fuel noticeably cooler than when it isnt. The surface of our planet absorbs this heat from
12、the Sun and emits it the same way that pavement continues to give off heat in the summer after the Sun goes down. Our atmosphere does the same things-it absorbs the heat that the ground emits and sends some of it back to the Earth. The Earths relationship with the Sun also creates seasons. The Earth
13、s axis tips a little-about 23.5 degrees. One hemisphere points toward the Sun as the other points away. The hemisphere that points toward the Sun is warmer and gets more light-its summer there, and in the other hemisphere its winter. This effect is less dramatic near the equator than at the poles, s
14、ince the equator receives about the same amount of sunlight all year. The poles, on the other hand, receive no sunlight at all during their winter months, which is part of the reason why theyre frozen. Most people are so used to the differences between night and day (or summer and winter) that they
15、take them for granted. But these changes in light and temperature have an enormous impact on other systems on our planet. One is the circulation of air through our atmosphere. For example: The Sun shines brightly over the equator. The air gets very warm because the equator faces the Sun directly and
16、 because the ozone layer is thinner there. As the air warms, it begins to rise, creating a low pressure system. The higher it rises, the more the air cools. Water condenses as the air cools, creating clouds and rainfall. The air dries out as the rain falls. The result is warm, dry air, relatively hi
17、gh in our atmosphere. Because of the lower air pressure, air rushes toward the equator from the north and south. As it warms, it rises, pushing the dry air away to the north and the south. The dry air sinks as it cools, creating high-pressure areas and deserts to the north and south of the equator.
18、This is just one piece of how the Sun circulates air around the world-ocean currents, weather patterns and other factors also play a part. But in general, air moves from high-pressure to low-pressure areas, much the way that high-pressure air rushes from the mouth of an inflated balloon when you let
19、 go. Heat also generally moves from the warmer equator to the cooler poles. Imagine a warm drink sitting on your desk-the air around the drink gets warmer as the drink gets colder. This happens on Earth on an enormous scale. The Coriolis Effect, a product of the Earths rotation, affects this system
20、as well. It causes large weather systems, like hurricanes, to rotate. It helps create westward-running trade winds near the equator and eastward-running jet streams in the northern and southern hemispheres. These wind patterns move moisture and air from one place to another, creating weather pattern
21、s. (The Coriolis Effect works on a large scale-it doesnt really affect the water draining from the sink like some people suppose.) The Sun gets much of the credit for creating both wind and rain. When the Sun warms air in a specific location, that air rises, creating an area of low pressure. More ai
22、r rushes in from surrounding areas to fill the void, creating wind. Without the Sun, there wouldnt be wind. There also might not be breathable air at all. Water and Fire The Sun has a huge effect on our water. It warms the oceans around the tropics, and its absence cools the water around the poles.
23、Because of this, ocean currents move large amounts of warm and cold water, drastically affecting the weather and climate around the world. The Sun also drives the water cycle, which moves about 18,757 cubic miles (495,000 cubic kilometers) of water vapor through the atmosphere every year. If youve e
24、ver gotten out of a swimming pool on a hot day and realized a few minutes later that you were dry again, you have firsthand experience with evaporation. If youve seen water form on the side of a cold drink, youve seen condensation in action. These are primary components of the water cycle, also call
25、ed the hydrologic cycle, which exchanges moisture between bodies of water and land masses. The water cycle is responsible for clouds and rain as well as our supply of drinking water. 2 How many Earths could fit inside the Sun? （ A） One million. （ B） 93 million. （ C） Two million. （ D） 100 million. 3
26、Earth would not have developed without _ . （ A） water （ B） fertilizer （ C） soil （ D） the Sun 4 What does our atmosphere do? （ A） It absorbs the heat from the ground and sends it to the Sun. （ B） It absorbs the heat from the Sun and emits it back to the Earth. （ C） It absorbs the heat from the Sun an
27、d emits it the same way. （ D） It absorbs the heat the ground emits and sends some of it back to the Earth. 5 _ receives about the same amount of sunlight all year. （ A） The poles （ B） The equator （ C） The north temperate zone （ D） The south temperate zone 6 Air rushes toward the equator from the nor
28、th and south _ . （ A） because of the dry air （ B） because of the cool air （ C） because of the lower air pressure （ D） because of the higher air pressure 7 What doesnt the Coriolis Effect cause? （ A） Westward-running trade winds. （ B） Hurricanes. （ C） The water draining from the sink. （ D） Eastward-r
29、unning jet streams. 8 The Sun has closely relation to create _ . （ A） wind （ B） the air （ C） soil （ D） fire 9 The Sun has a huge effect on _ . 10 If youve seen water form on the side of a cold drink, youve seen _ . 11 The water cycle is responsible for clouds, rain and _ . Section A Directions: In t
30、his section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must
31、 read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） A department store. （ B） A library. （ C） An electrical shop. （ D） A bus station. （ A） Its too spicy. （ B） Its too salty. （ C） Its too bland. （ D） Its too sour. （ A） Customer and estate agent. （ B） Customer and tra
32、vel agent. （ C） Customer and shop assistant. （ D） Customer and lawyer. （ A） A shop. （ B） A university campus. （ C） A library. （ D） An airport. （ A） A university campus. （ B） A book store. （ C） A department store. （ D） A police station. （ A） He enjoys dancing. （ B） His shoes dont fit him. （ C） Hes an
33、 excellent dancer. （ D） Hes a terrible dancer. （ A） To the dentist. （ B） To the vet. （ C） To the bus stop. （ D） To the library. （ A） On the 4th floor in the electrical department. （ B） On the 2nd floor in the food court. （ C） On the 4th floor in the food court. （ D） On the 3rd floor in the food cour
34、t. （ A） No, he doesnt like any of them. （ B） Yes, they are being made. （ C） Yes, he has bought them from a shop. （ D） No, he will not wear a wedding ring. （ A） Mexican. （ B） Russian. （ C） Chinese. （ D） Japanese. （ A） Beer and red wine. （ B） White wine and some Russian drinks. （ C） Red wine and some
35、Chinese drinks. （ D） Champagne and some Mexican drinks. （ A） He is a teacher of English in Cambridge. （ B） He is a specialist in computer science. （ C） He is a consultant to a Scottish company. （ D） He is a British tourist to China. （ A） 22 . （ B） 23 . （ C） 25 . （ D） 34 . （ A） With an English family
36、. （ B） In a flat near the college. （ C） With a language teacher. （ D） In a student dormitory. （ A） Certain things cannot be learned from books. （ B） Foreign students had better live on campus. （ C） Choice of where to live varies from person to person. （ D） British families usually welcome foreign st
37、udents. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
38、 （ A） 1520. （ B） 6020. （ C） 1755 （ D） 1620 （ A） The alphabet. （ B） A conflict. （ C） Numbers. （ D） A concept. （ A） Friesian. （ B） French. （ C） Finnish. （ D） Flemish. （ A） Males. （ B） Ethnic males. （ C） White males. （ D） Women. （ A） 40 cents for every dollar. （ B） 58 cents for every dollar. （ C） 65 ce
39、nts for every dollar. （ D） 76 cents for every dollar. （ A） Work the same number of hours; same education, age and union status; live in different regions of the country. （ B） Live in the same region of the country; same age and union status; work same number of hours. （ C） Worked for the government;
40、 lived in the same region of the country; education; same age; union status and education. （ D） Work the same number of hours; same age, union status and education; lived in the same region of the country. （ A） Wall Street Journal. （ B） National Enquirer. （ C） USA Today. （ D） Time. （ A） Going to the
41、 moon. （ B） The atomic bomb. （ C） AIDS. （ D） Watergate. （ A） North and south. （ B） East and west. （ C） South and west. （ D） North and east. （ A） Everyone agrees. （ B） No one. （ C） Some people agree, while some people disagree. （ D） Most people disagree. Section C Directions: In this section, you wil
42、l hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from
43、44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 The home secretary, Charles Clarke, will today guarantee that the personal details contained on the national identity card will not go beyond th
44、ose currently on passports. He will write the【 B1】 into the legislation which passes through its final【 B2】 in the Commons today. The bill【 B3】 that only name, date and place of birth, gender, address, nationality and immigration【 B4】 can be recorded on the ID database. The home secretary has promis
45、ed fresh legislation will have to be introduced if extra personal details such as health records,【 B5】 records or other background information were added. Mr. Clarke will also promise that everyone will be able to access their entry on the national ID card database and see which organizations had be
46、en【 B6】 their identity. At the same time ministers will table new government amendments to ensure those who【 B7】 the national ID cards register will not be able to tell who has a criminal record on the police【 B8】 computer. 【 B9】 . The Home Office has opened talks with departments likely to benefit
47、from the introduction of the scheme to see if they can recoup some of the overall costs.【 B10】 . The Home Office minister, Andy Burnham, said scanners and readers needed for the national identity card scheme would have to be introduced anyway to upgrade to the next generation of “biometric“ passport
48、s. He said other departments which would make savings as a result of the introduction of ID cards would make a contribution.【 B11】 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each pas
49、sage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 48 Youre busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Lets assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isnt it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard de
