1、大学英语四级 69及答案解析(总分：746.58，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Dont hesitate to say “No“. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
2、1别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说“不”。 2为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”。 3该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Your Actions Speak Louder Communication Nonverbal communication (非语言交际) teaching it and measuring effect is more difficult than formal language instruction. But now that language has achi
3、eved its proper recognition as being essential for success, the area of nonverbal behavior should be taught to people who will live in another country in a systematic way, giving them actual experience, awareness, sensitivity. Indeed, it is the rise in linguistic (语言上的) fluency which now makes nonve
4、rbal fluency even more critical. A linguistically fluent visitor may tend to offend even more than those who dont speak as well if that visitor shows ignorance about interface etiquette (礼节) ; the national may perceive this disparity (不等) between linguistic and nonlinguistic performance as a disrega
5、rd for the more subtle aspects of intercultural communication. Because nonverbal cues reflect emotional states, both visitor and host national might not be able to articulate (清晰明白地说 ) whats going on. While it would be difficult to map out all the nonverbal details for every language that Peace Corp
6、s (美国和平队) teaches, one can hope to make visitors aware of the existence and emotional importance of nonverbal channels. I have identified five such channels: kinesic, proxemic, chronemic, oculesic, and haptic. Kinesics (身势语) Kinesics movement of the body (head, arms, legs, etc.) . The initial exampl
7、e from the health center in Ethiopia was a problem caused by a kinesic sign being used which had different meanings cross-culturally. Another example, the American gesture of slitting ones throat implying “Ive had it,“ or “Im in trouble,“ conveys quite a different message in Swaziland. It means “I l
8、ove you.“ Americans make no distinction between gesturing for silence to an adult or to a child. An American will put one finger to the lips for both, while an Ethiopian will use only one finger to a child and four fingers for an adult. To use only one finger for an adult is disrespectful. On the ot
9、her hand, Ethiopians make no distinction in gesturing to indicate emphatic (断然的) negation (拒绝) . They shake their index finger (食指) from side to side to an adult as well as to a child, whereas this gesture is used only for children by Americans. Thus, if visitors are not conscious of the meaning of
10、such behavior, they not only offend their hosts but they will be offended by them. Drawing in the cheeks and holding the arms rigidly by the side of the body means “thin“ in Amharic. Diet-conscious Americans feel complimented if they are told that they are slim and so may naturally assume that to te
11、ll an Ethiopian friend this is also complimentary. Yet, in Ethiopia and a number of other countries, this is taken pejoratively (轻蔑地) , as it is thought better to be heavy-set, indicating health and status and enough wealth to ensure the two. Proxemics (空间语) Proxemics the use of interpersonal space.
12、 South Americans, Greeks, and others find comfort in standing, sitting, or talking to people at a distance which Americans find intolerably close. We give their unusual closeness the social interpretation of aggressiveness and intimacy, causing us to have feelings of hostility, discomfort, or intimi
13、dation (胁迫). If we back away to our greater distance of comfort, we are perceived as being cold, unfriendly, and distrustful. Somalis would see us as we see South Americans, since their interface distance is greater still than ours. Chronemics (语空) Chronemics the timing of verbal exchanges during co
14、nversation. As Americans, we expect our partner to respond to our statement immediately. In some other cultures, people time their exchanges to leave silence between each statement. For Americans this silence is unsettling (使人不安的). To us it may mean that the person is shy, inattentive, bored, or ner
15、vous. It causes us to repeat, paraphrase, talk louder, and “correct“ our speech to accommodate our partner. In the intercultural situation, it might be best for the visitor to tolerate the silence and wait for a response. Oculesics(目光语) Oculesics eye-to-eye contact or avoidance. Americans are depend
16、ent upon eye contact as a sign of listening behavior. We do not feel that there is human contact without eye contact. In many countries there are elaborate patterns of eye avoidance which we regard as inappropriate. Haptics (体触语) Haptics the tactile (触觉的) form of communication. Where, how, and how o
17、ften people can touch each other while conversing are culturally defined patterns. We need not go beyond the borders of our own country to see groups (Italians and black Americans, for example) which touch each other more often than Anglo-Americans do. Overseas, Americans often feel crowded and push
18、ed around by people who have much higher toleration for public physical contact and even need it as part of their communication process. A visitor may feel embarrassed when a host national friend continues to hold his or her hand long after the formal greetings are over. These five channels of nonve
19、rbal communication exist in every culture. The patterns and forms are completely arbitrary, and it is arguable as to what is universal and what is culturally defined. （分数：71.00）(1).In Ethiopia you should not beckon an adult.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).As people become more proficient in a language, their
20、 nonverbal errors are not considered serious.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Americans make no distinction between nonverbal communication with a child and an adult.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Eye-to-eye contact can be an important form of communication.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).There are important differences in th
21、e proxemics of North and South Americans.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Anglo-Americans touch each other less often than Italians and black Americans do.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).In Nigeria, prolonged eye-contact is considered disrespectful.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The five 1of nonverbal communication exist in e
22、very culture.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).Diet-conscious Americans feel 1if they are told that they are slim.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).It is 1which now makes nonverbal fluency even more critical.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.3 hours.B.8 hoursC.6 hours.D.9 hours.A.Listening to some light
23、music.B.Talking about a jazz record.C.Planning a concert.D.Talking about some of their favorite songs.A.She thanks the man for his offer.B.She thanks the man and accepts his offer.C.She is not pleased with the mans offer.D.She thanks the man but declines his offer.A.She doesnt think painting the wal
24、l is necessary.B.She wants their walls to be painted in a darker color.C.She wants their walls to be painted in a lighter color.D.She doesnt like white color.A.Hes fine.B.Hes unhappy.C.Hes still sick in bed.D.Hes better.A.Jim survived an accident.B.Jim was killed in an accident.C.Jim fell down from
25、a bike.D.Jims bike was accidentally lost.A.Shes surprised to meet Andrew.B.She hasnt seen Andrew recently.C.Andrew and her are close friends.D.Andrew has changed a lot.A.Steve was ashamed of himself because he didnt win a gold medal.B.Steve didnt win a gold medal because he didnt do his best.C.Steve
26、 failed in the competition.D.Steve didnt win a gold medal at the Olympics.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.In the morning.B.10 p. m.C.9 a. m.D.At midnight.A.Because his friend lives one-hour drive away from the cinema.B.Because his friend hopes to watch another movie tomorrow.C.Because the man cannot bu
27、y one more ticket for that show.D.Because his friend needs to drive one hour to the theater after work.A.1B.3C.6D.10A.Walking in the garden.B.Milking the cows.C.Chasing the cows.D.Preparing breakfast.A.Before 4:30.B.Before 4:45.C.At4:30.D.After 4:45.A.North to the left.B.South to the left.C.North to
28、 the right.D.South to the right.A.The front path.B.The rose garden.C.The cows.D.The trees.A.Posters allow people to eat poorly.B.A bad diet is a symptom of social, cultural, and economic problems.C.Poor people are not aware of the four food groups.D.Alcohol contributes to a bad diet.A.They are not t
29、he solution to dietary problems.B.They do not illustrate all the food groups.C.They are not based on medical research.D.They are only to wealthy people.A.Cultural problems.B.Social problems.C.Economic problems.D.Physical problems.A.To learn the chemical elements in the Ice Age for the last ten thous
30、and years.B.To learn the pattern of solar wind activity for the last ten thousand years.C.To learn the composition of different trees for the last ten thousand years.D.To learn whats being happening on the suns surface for the last ten thousand years.A.The lifecycle of trees.B.The number of trees.C.
31、The intensity of solar burning.D.The quality of air.A.It affects the growth of trees.B.It has been increasing since the Ice Age.C.It is determined by the chemicals in the air.D.It follows a certain cycle.A.It can be cooked in many ways.B.It is delicious but inexpensive.C.It gives higher yields than
32、other grain crops.D.It grows easily in various conditions.A.Fried potatoes.B.Tomato juice.C.Sweet corn.D.Chocolate beans.A.They led to the discovery of America.B.They made American native foods popular.C.They brought great wealth to Spain.D.They made native American life styles well known.六、Section
33、C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Last year Google announced deals with five of the worlds top universities, including Harvard and Oxford, to scan much of the contents of their libraries into the Internet. The idea was to make millions of important but previously (36) 1texts available to researchers everywhere with
34、a few clicks of the mouse. The head of Oxford Universitys library service said the project could turn out to be almost as important as the.(37) 2of the printing press. Google (38) 3claimed its motives were purely altruistic, the realization of a longstanding dream for the groups (39) 4 founders Serg
35、ey Page and Larry Brin whod worked on a digital library project during their student days. But from the start Googles plan met opposition. The latest sign of this is a letter to Google from the American (40) 5of University Presses which represents (41) 6academic publishers. The organization wants (4
36、2) 7on sixteen issues, claiming the book scanning scheme appears to involve systematic infringement of copyright on a massive (43) 8. Other opposition has come from France, where there are fears that the Google project will enhance of the dominance of the English language and Anglo-Saxon ways of thi
37、nking. (44) 9. Supporters of the Google scheme say copyright is protected (45) 10, and (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)A Census Bureau (人口调查局) survey released Thursday shows a college graduate can
38、expect to earn $ 2. 1 million working full-time between 25 and 64, which demographers (人口学家) call a typical work-life period. A master s degree-holder is projected to earn 2.5 million, while someone with a professional degree, such as a doctor or lawyer, could make even more-$ 4.4 million. In contra
39、st, a high school graduate can expect to make $ 1.2 million during the working years, according to the bureau report that tracked the influence of education on lifetime earnings. Not all students look at college as an investment, “but I am sure parents do,“ said Jacque line King, policy analyst with
40、 the American Education Council, a higher education advocacy (拥护) group. “The college is to convince those high school students on the margins that it is really worth their time to go to college.“ Kevin Malecek, a graduate student in American politics at American University in Washington said most o
41、f his classmates find higher education to be worth the time and financial promise. “They go to every single class, and they are trying to get the most out of their own dollar,“ he said. The survey was conducted between March 1998 and March 2000. All estimates are based on 1999 salaries and probably
42、will increase as salaries rise over time, Census Bureau analyst Jennifer Day said. The estimates do not account for inflation (物价上涨) or for differences in the earning potential of various fields of study. For example, people with computer science degrees tend to earn more than those with social work
43、 degrees. （分数：177.50）(1).The phrase “students on the margins“ in Line 3 of Paragraph 2 most probably refers to _.（分数：35.50）A.students Who actually regard higher education as an investmentB.students who cant afford the money to go to college or universityC.students who cant go to college because they
44、 have failed in the college entrance examinationD.students who don t know whether higher education can have great influence on their earnings(2).Most of Maleceks classmates are trying to _.（分数：35.50）A.spend as much money as possible as college studentsB.get the most rewards from the money they have
45、paidC.understand the influence of higher education on their lifetime earningsD.make as much money as possible before they graduate from the college(3).We can learn from the passage that _.（分数：35.50）A.higher-degree-holders are surely going to make more moneyB.college graduates in different majors usu
46、ally get paid differentlyC.a masters degree-holder in social work will surely make more money than a bachelor s degree-holder in computer scienceD.if one wants to earn $ 4.4 million, he or she has to try to get a professional degree such as a doctor or lawyer(4).The best title for this passage would
47、 be _.（分数：35.50）A.The Effect of Education on Lifetime EarningsB.How Much Can We Make During Our LifetimeC.The Way to Earn More Money through EducationD.How to Make an Investment in Higher Education(5).The result of the Census Bureaus survey seems to be _.（分数：35.50）A.roughB.accurateC.incorrectD.perfe
48、ctHow one judges this book somewhat depends on what you want it to provide. Greenblatt, the author, gives us a beautifully wrought window into the world of Shakespeare. Will in the World is part history, part social commentary, and a good part close literary analysis. It begins with a theme that Greenblatt returns to again and again the “ordinariness“ of Shakespeares genius, his interest in the common workings of everyday men and women. Greenblatt foll
