1、大学英语四级真题 2015 年 12 月-(3)及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen.“ You can cite examples to illustrate the i
2、mportance of being participants rather than mere onlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words but no morn than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)（分数：35.50）A.Children should be taught to be more careful.B.Children shouldn“t drink so much o
3、range juice.C.There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.D.Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.A.Fitness training.B.The new job offer.C.Computer programming.D.Directorship of the club.A.He needs to buy a new sweater.B.He has got to save on fuel bills.C.The fuel price has skyrocket
4、ed.D.The heating system doesn“t work.A.Committing theft.B.Taking pictures.C.Window shopping.D.Posing for the camera.A.She is taking some medicine.B.She has not seen a doctor yet.C.She does not trust the man“s advice.D.She has almost recovered from the cough.（分数：21.30）A.Pamela“s report is not finishe
5、d as scheduled.B.Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.C.Pamela is not good at writing research papers.D.Pamela“s mistakes could have been avoided.A.In the left-luggage office.B.At the hotel reception.C.In a hotel room.D.At an airport.A.She was an excellent student at college.B.She works in
6、the entertainment business.C.She is fond of telling stories in her speech.D.She is good at conveying her message.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Arranging the woman“s appointment with Mr Romero.B.Fixing the time for the designer“s latest fashion show.
7、C.Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D.Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.A.Her travel to Japan.B.The awards ceremony.C.The proper hairstyle for her new role.D.When to start the make-up session.A.He is Mr Romero“s agent.B.He is an entertainment journalist.C.He is the woman“s as
8、sistant.D.He is a famous movie star.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Make an appointment for an interview.B.Send in an application letter.C.Fill in an application form.D.Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.A.Someone having a college degree in
9、advertising.B.Someone experienced in business management.C.Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D.Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.A.Travel opportunities.B.Handsome pay.C.Prospects for promotion.D.Flexible working hours.A.It depends on the working hours.B.It is about 500 pounds
10、 a week.C.It will be set by the Human Resources.D.It is to be negotiated.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.To give customers a wider range of choices.B.To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C.T
11、o supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D.To save space for more profitable products.A.On the top shelves.B.On the bottom shelves.C.On easily accessible shelves.D.On clearly marked shelves.A.Many of them buy things on impulse.B.A few of them are fathers with babies.C.A majority of them are you
12、ng couples.D.Over 60% of them make shopping lists.A.Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.B.Sales assistants following customers around.C.Customers competing for good bargains.D.Customers losing all sense of time.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you hav
13、e just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Teaching mathematics at a school.B.Doing research in an institute.C.Studying for a college degree.D.Working in a hi-tech company.A.He studied the designs of various clocks.B.He did experiments on different materials.C.He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.D.He asked diff
14、erent people for their opinions.A.Its automatic mechanism.B.Its manufacturing process.C.Its way of waking people up.D.Its funny-looking pig face.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.It is often caused by a change of circumstances
15、.B.It actually doesn“t require any special treatment.C.It usually appears all of a sudden.D.It generally lasts for several years.A.They cannot mix well with others.B.They irrationally annoy their friends.C.They depend heavily on family members.D.They blame others for ignoring their needs.A.They lack
16、 consistent support from peers.B.They doubt their own popularity.C.They were born psychologically weak.D.They focus too much on themselves.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and 1 in a file cabinet. It co
17、uld remain there for years and, often 2 , never reach the outside world. Things have done a complete about-face since then. 3 the change has been the astonishingly 4 development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is 5 about us in one place or anotherand for one reason or anotherca
18、n be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by individuals and by private businesses and corporations, lending 6 , direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and 7 at the local, state, and federal level. A g
19、rowing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized data as a frightening 8 of their privacy. Surveys show that the number of worried Americans has been steadily growing over the years as the computer becomes increasingly 9 , easier to operate, and less costly to
20、purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that 37 percent of the people 10 felt their privacy was being invaded. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. A recent survey by a credit bureau revealed that the number of alarmed citizens had shot up to 76 percent. （分数：71.00
21、）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Children do not think the way adults do. For most of the first year of life, if something is out of sight, it“s out of mind. If you cover a baby“s 1 toy with a piece o
22、f cloth, the baby thinks the toy has disappeared and stops looking for it. A 4-year-old may 2 that a sister has more fruit juice when it is only the shapes of the glasses that differ, not the 3 of juice. Yet children are smart in their own way. Like good little scientists, children are always testin
23、g their child-sized 4 about how things work. When your child throws her spoon on the floor for the sixth time as you try to feed her, and you say, “That“s enough! I will not pick up your spoon again!“ the child will 5 test your claim. Are you serious? Are you angry? What will happen if she throws th
24、e spoon again? She is not doing this to drive you 6 ; rather, she is learning that her desires and yours can differ, and that sometimes those 7 are important and sometimes they are not. How and why does children“s thinking change? In the 1920s, Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget proposed that children“s
25、 cognitive (认知的) abilities unfold 8 , like the blooming of a flower, almost independent of what else is 9 in their lives. Although many of his specific conclusions have been 10 or modified over the years, his ideas inspired thousands of studies by investigators all over the world. A. advocate F. dif
26、ferences K. obtaining B. amount G. favorite L. primarily C. confirmed H. happening M. protest D. crazy I. immediately N. rejected E. definite J. naturally O. theories（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Perfect EssayA. Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly imposs
27、ible teacher. She cared about me, and my intellectual life, even when I didn“t. Her expectations were highimpossibly so. She was an English teacher. She was also my mother. B. When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save
28、 for a single word added in the margin of the final page: “Flawless.“ This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade. Of course, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I was only slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14. Obvious
29、ly, I did what any professional writer would do; I hurried off to spread the good news. I didn“t get very far. The first person I told was my mother. C. My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rare occasion when she got angry, she was terrifying.
30、I am not sure if she was more upset by my hubris (得意忘形) or by the fact that my English teacher had let my ego get so out of hand. In any event, my mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flawless essay could be. At the time, I am sure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, tra
31、nsitions (过渡), structure, style and voice. But what I learned, and what stuck with me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, was a deeper lesson about the nature of creative criticism. D. First off, it hurts. Genuine criticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leave
32、s an existential imprint (印记) on you as a person. I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticism personally. I say that we should never listen to these people. E. Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. The intimate nature o
33、f genuine criticism implies something about who is able to give it, namely, someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mental life is getting in the way of good writing. Conveniently, they are also the people who care enough to see you through this painful realization. For me it took the
34、 form of my first, and I hope only, encounter with writer“s blockI was not able to produce anything for three years. F. Franz Kafka once said: “Writing is utter solitude (独处), the descent into the cold abyss (深渊) of oneself.“ My mother“s criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the cold abys
35、s, and when you make the introspective (内省的) descent that writing requires you are not always pleased by what you find. But, in the years that followed, her sustained tutoring suggested that Kafka might be wrong about the solitude. I was lucky enough to find a critic and teacher who was willing to m
36、ake the journey of writing with me. “It is a thing of no great difficulty,“ according to Plutarch, “to raise objections against another man“s speech, it is a very easy matter; but to produce a better in its place is a work extremely troublesome.“ I am sure I wrote essays in the later years of high s
37、chool without my mother“s guidance, but I can“t recall them. What I remember, however, is how she took up the “extremely troublesome“ work of ongoing criticism. G. There are two ways to interpret Plutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce “a better in its place.“ In a straight
38、forward sense, he could mean that a critic must be more talented than the artist she critiques (评论). My mother was well covered on this count. But perhaps Plutarch is suggesting something slightly different, something a bit closer to Marcus Cicero“s claim that one should “criticize by creation, not
39、by finding fault.“ Genuine criticism creates a precious opening for an author to become better on his own termsa process that is often extremely painful, but also almost always meaningful. H. My mother said she would help me with my writing, but first I had to help myself. For each assignment, I was
40、 to write the best essay I could. Real criticism is not meant to find obvious mistakes, so if she found anythe type I could have found on my ownI had to start from scratch. From scratch. Once the essay was “flawless,“ she would take an evening to walk me through my errors. That was when true critici
41、sm, the type that changed me as a person, began. I. She criticized me when I included little-known references and professional jargon (行话). She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures of speech. “Writers can“t bluff (虚张声势) their way through ignorance.“ That was news to meI would need to
42、 find another way to structure my daily existence. J. She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression. “John,“ she almost whispered. I leaned in to hear her. “I can“t hear you when you shout at me.“ So I stopped shouti
43、ng and bluffing, and slowly my writing improved. K. Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay. But perhaps I missed something important in my mother“s lessons about creativity and perfection. Perhaps the point of writing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to
44、 never willingly finish. Whitman repeatedly reworked “ Song of Myself“ between 1855 and 1891. Repeatedly. We do our absolute best with a piece of writing, and come as close as we can to the ideal. And, for the time being, we settle. In critique, however, we are forced to depart, to give up the perfe
45、ction we thought we had achieved for the chance of being even a little bit better. This is the lesson 1 took from my mother. If perfection were possible, it would not be motivating.（分数：71.00）(1).The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech.（分数：7.10）(2).The author“s mother tau
46、ght him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.（分数：7.10）(3).A writer should polish his writing repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.（分数：7.10）(4).Writers may experience periods of time in their life when they just can“t produce anything.（分数：7.10）(5).The
47、 author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essay as “flawless“.（分数：7.10）(6).Criticizing someone“s speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.（分数：7.10）(7).The author looks upon his mother as his most demanding and caring instructor.（分数：7.10）(8).The criticism t
48、he author received from his mother changed him as a person.（分数：7.10）(9).The author gradually improved his writing by avoiding fancy language.（分数：7.10）(10).Constructive criticism gives an author a good start to improve his writing.（分数：7.10）十二、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Coul
49、d you reproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something unique about it? It wouldn“t be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because you couldn“t reproduce it in most of the US either. What does it take to make a Silicon Valley? It“s the right people. If you could get the right ten thousand peop
