1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 17及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to unite a short essay entitled Should Rewards for Doing a Good Deed Be Promoted? You should unite at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Should Rewards for
2、 Doing a Good Deed Be Promoted? Section A （ A） Ask Susan to help her. （ B） Type the data quickly. （ C） Hand in the data. （ D） Extend the due date. （ A） In a garden. （ B） In the woods. （ C） At a post office. （ D） At a flower shop. （ A） Newly-launched products. （ B） Drug users. （ C） Survey results. （
3、D） Public figures. （ A） He should understand the general idea first. （ B） He should slow down reading. （ C） He should not try to read too slowly. （ D） He should mark time carefully. （ A） The woman was blamed for being careless. （ B） The man thought it could be avoided by anyone. （ C） The man thought
4、 the woman did it on purpose. （ D） The woman stamped on the mans toes by chance. （ A） Extremely good. （ B） Not so much fun. （ C） Very foolish. （ D） Quite tedious. （ A） He prefers the football stadium. （ B） He agrees with the woman. （ C） The dining hall isnt large enough. （ D） The light isnt bright e
5、nough. （ A） She doesnt like Jason. （ B） She would prefer not to go. （ C） Jason is always a nice man. （ D） She would like to go. （ A） To have one of her teeth filled. （ B） To have one of her teeth pulled. （ C） To have her teeth cleaned. （ D） To have her teeth examined. （ A） Have ones heart transplant
6、ed. （ B） Have ones teeth transplanted. （ C） Advance the tooth filling technique. （ D） Reduce pain in tooth pulling and filling. （ A） Tooth transplant is expensive. （ B） Dentists are working on tooth transplant. （ C） Tooth transplant has been successful. （ D） Tooth transplant has failed. （ A） Italy.
7、（ B） Portugal. （ C） Spain. （ D） Costa Rica. （ A） She may not find a suitable hotel. （ B） She has never been abroad. （ C） She hasnt booked tickets for her family. （ D） She has to take her children with her. （ A） It should have a swimming pool. （ B） It should be very quiet. （ C） It should be in the do
8、wntown. （ D） It should be on the beach. （ A） Using a tent. （ B） Finding a new hotel. （ C） Trying the hotel. （ D） Giving up that hotel. Section B （ A） They can help take pictures of cars on highways. （ B） They can help send fines to speedy motorists. （ C） They can help catch cars breaking traffic rul
9、es. （ D） They can help make the traffic run smoother. （ A） It takes pictures only. （ B） It can not do paperwork. （ C） It needs someone to issue fines. （ D） It takes pictures and does paperwork. （ A） It can help catch stolen cars. （ B） It can package food. （ C） It makes cars run faster. （ D） It gives
10、 information to the drivers. （ A） There are 250 million plants eaten by insects. （ B） There are fewer plants than 250 million years ago. （ C） They have their way of guarding against insects. （ D） They have a better immune system than before. （ A） Using less insecticide. （ B） Giving the plants up. （
11、C） Spraying crops frequently. （ D） Trying other insecticide. （ A） Changing the way of spraying crops. （ B） Buying some outdoor insect lamps. （ C） Using a combination of three insecticide. （ D） Trying to attract new insects onto the crops. （ A） They are supported by the local government. （ B） They ar
12、e named after the cities where they live. （ C） Their players gathered from all over the country. （ D） They play professional basketball games in November only. （ A） During the summer months. （ B） During the spring months. （ C） During the winter months. （ D） During the autumn months. （ A） Basketball.
13、 （ B） Football. （ C） Baseball. （ D） Golf. （ A） Both require strength and specialized skills. （ B） Both require height and responsibility. （ C） Both require enthusiasm and hard work. （ D） Both require flexibility and good health. Section C 26 Its well known that big animals, like polar bears, are sen
14、sitive to climate change. The Earth warms, polar ice【 B1】 _, and the bears are out of luck. The same goes for tigers, sea lions, elephants. As the globe heats up and natural environments change, all big creatures are potentially【 B2】 _. But what about insects? Some may be able to【 B3】 _just about an
15、ywhere. But most insects are just as sensitive to climate change as their larger, more beloved animal【 B4】 _. Whats more, insects are arguably more important than large mammals, 【 B5】 _speaking. While several thousand polar bears wander the arctic, untold billions of insects live in virtually everyw
16、here on Earth. And theyre【 B6】 _in every ecosystem. For example, many of the worlds crops and other plants rely on insects for pollination(授粉 ). In forests, insects help break down dead trees and prepare the soil for new growth. And there are the animals, like birds, that【 B7】 _ insects. So how exac
17、tly will global warming affect insects? We dont really know. Some may go extinct. Others could migrate to cooler regions and【 B8】 _ native insect species there. And this could have all sorts of important implications for crops and entire ecosystems. What we do know is that because insects cant【 B9】
18、_ their body temperature to the same degree as mammals, theyre particularly sensitive to climate change. Its hard to【 B10】 _ what will happen to insects as the Earth warms. But it looks like were about to find out. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【
19、 B10】 Section A 36 The countries that have left the United States behind in math and science education have one thing in common: They offer the same high education standards all across the nation. The United States, however, relies on standards that【 C1】 _, not just from state to state, but often fr
20、om district to district. That could【 C2】 _change if the states adopt the new rigorous standards proposed last week by the National Governors Association and a group【 C3】_state school supervisors. The proposal lays out clear, ambitious【 C4】 _for what children should learn year to year and could chang
21、e curriculums, tests and teacher training. The standards, based on intensive【 C5】 _, reflect what students must know to succeed at college and to find good jobs in the 21st century. They are【 C6】_benchmarked, which means that they imitate the expectations of high-performing school systems abroad. Th
22、is is not a call for a national curriculum. Rather, the proposed standards set out the skills that children should learn from kindergarten through high school. But it will take more than new standards to rebuild the schools. The same states and organizations that cooperated on the standards need to
23、cooperate on a new and【 C7】 _curriculum. The troubled colleges of education need to【 C8】 _teachers who can teach the skills students will need. And【 C9】 _tests must be created so that we can measure results. It is believed that the new standards provide an excellent【 C10】 _point for the task of rema
24、king public schooling in the United States. A)goals B)research C)ordinary D)representing E)internationally F)eventually G)vary H)prepare I)innovative J)sophisticated K)depend L)differs M)starting N)aim O)specially 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【
25、C10】 Section B 46 Why Minority Students Dont Graduate from College A)Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoins efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the school has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students(blacks, Latino
26、s(南美洲人 ), and Native Americans, about 30 percent of the U.S. population)in entering freshman classes from 8 percent to 13 percent. But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While nine out of 10 white students routinely get their diplomas within six years
27、, only seven out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes. B)The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than
28、the previous one. The graduation rate among 25-to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55-to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and nonwhite students are eager to graduate from college but their graduation rates fall far sho
29、rt of their dreams. The graduation rates for blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans lag far behind the graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college-graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity. C)The problem is noticeable at pub
30、lic universities. In 2007, the University of Wisconsin-Madison one of the top five or so “public Ivies“ graduated 81 percent of its white students within six years, but only 56 percent of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. Community colleges have low graduation rates
31、 generally but rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15 percent of African-Americans did so as well. D)Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they
32、offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006. “Higher education has been able to get around this issue for
33、years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student,“ says Pennington of the Gates Foundation. “If they fail, its their fault.“ Some critics blame affirmative action students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools ofte
34、n struggle at top schools. But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are “undermatched“: they could get into better, richer schools, but instead go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. So
35、me schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill knowing full well that the students wont make it. “Colleges know that a lot of kids they take will end up in remedial classes, for which theyll get no college credit and then theyll be d
36、ismissed,“ says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust. “The school gets to keep the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. Colleges are not holding up their end.“ E)A college education is getting ever more expensive. Since 1982 tuitions have been
37、rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. University administrators insist that most of those hikes are matched by increased scholarship grants or loans, but the recession has decreased private endowments(捐助 )and cut into state spending on higher education. In 2008 the net cost of attending a f
38、our-year public university equaled 28 percent of median family income, while a four-year private university cost 76 percent of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on scores, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed consumers. Often they end up deeply in debt
39、or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out. F)There once was a time when universities took an unreasonable pride in their drop-out rates. Professors would begin the year by saying, “Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by the end of the year.“
40、 But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years. The university has poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city
41、 schools adjust to the faster pace of a university classroom, and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified. G)State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates. For years private colleges such
42、as Princeton and MIT have had success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them a head start on college-level courses. The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and nonwhite students as early as the seventh grade, using new tools like hip-hop competitions to i
43、dentify kids with sophisticated verbal(语言的 )means. Such programs can be expensive, of course, but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support. H)With effort and money, the graduation gap can be close
44、d. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Virginia. Its student body is less than 5 percent black and less than 2 percent Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90 percent of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63 percent by 2007. “We went th
45、rough a dramatic shift,“ says Dawn Watkins, the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring(师徒制 )of minorities by other students and “partnering“ with parents at a special pre-enrollment session. The school had its first-ever black homecoming. Last spring the school
46、graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them. 47 The recessions impact on higher education is that universities receive fewer
47、 contributions from individuals. 48 More attention should be paid to increase the graduation rate of minorities in order to keep up in the global economic race. 49 Before the minorities enter university, some private colleges arrange them to take part in college-level courses. 50 Private colleges an
48、d universities have higher graduation rates for minorities partly because they pay more attention to students individual need. 51 Since Americans rank in graduation rate dropped dramatically, the young may be less well educated than their fathers. 52 The “undermatched“ students dont receive enough h
49、elp from colleges or schools. 53 A recent review found that a third of the Asian students managed to graduate from college, while the graduation rate of African-Americans was worse. 54 Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College was proud of the Colleges higher enrollment rate of minority students. 55 The University of Wisconsin-Madison managed to narrow the graduation gap by organizing programs to help students adapt to the pace of class pattern.
