1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 251及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Computers in Our Life following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1当今，计算机已进入千家万户。 2计算机给我们的生活带来了许多方便。 3但同时计算机也给我们
2、带来了一些麻烦。 Section A （ A） Islamist militants are still in control of the town. （ B） French forces have entered the town. （ C） French are going to land at the airport. （ D） Islamist militants are attacking the airport. （ A） To control Kidal airport. （ B） To protect the town. （ C） To protect the capital
3、 Bamako. （ D） To fight against Islamist militants. （ A） A client. （ B） A bank manager. （ C） The police. （ D） Bank headquarters. （ A） A month before the crime was discovered. （ B） A day before the crime was discovered. （ C） A day after the police started investigation. （ D） A month after he transferr
4、ed the money. （ A） They went to a remote area. （ B） Their fishing boats clashed. （ C） They tried to repair their boats. （ D） They decided to stay in the boats. （ A） On supplies they brought with them. （ B） On supplies sent to them by rescue teams. （ C） On supplies left at the military base. （ D） Not
5、 mentioned in the passage. （ A） By helicopter. （ B） By boat. （ C） By radio contact. （ D） By a search team. Section B （ A） Its hereditary. （ B） The shampoo he used caused it. （ C） He combs his hair too much. （ D） He is old enough to lose hair. （ A） Use some special shampoo. （ B） Wear a wig. （ C） Don
6、t try to comb hair over the bald or thin patch. （ D） Go to the doctor for advice. （ A） Over the radio. （ B） At a doctor s office. （ C） At the man s house. （ D） At a drug store. （ A） It suits him. （ B） It looks ridiculous. （ C） It looks old. （ D） It s getting worse. （ A） Friends. （ B） Coworkers. （ C）
7、 Interviewer and interviewee. （ D） Doctor and patient. （ A） He thought Art was useless. （ B） He was offered a job in a big accounting firm. （ C） He wanted to go to London to study Art. （ D） He wanted to do some interesting things. （ A） The job dont have good prospects. （ B） He earns fairly a little.
8、 （ C） He found a better job. （ D） He cant get interested in the job. （ A） Doing a lot of photography. （ B） Going to concerts frequently. （ C） Playing traditional jazz and folk music. （ D） Traveling in Africa. Section C （ A） The mouth. （ B） The throat. （ C） The nose. （ D） A computer. （ A） How much ai
9、r normally goes through your nose when you talk. （ B） The force of air that comes from the lungs. （ C） The highness or lowness of sounds. （ D） The length of speech for each sound. （ A） Decibels(分贝 ). （ B） Small fractions per sound. （ C） Cycles per sound. （ D） The force of air. （ A） Short, tiring, an
10、d often dangerous. （ B） Long, tiring but not dangerous. （ C） Short but dangerous. （ D） Long, weary and often dangerous. （ A） For pleasure and excitement. （ B） For new places where their herds could feed. （ C） For animals. （ D） For tree trunks. （ A） Bicycles, cars, trains, and ships. （ B） Bicycles, c
11、ars, trains, and planes. （ C） Cars, trains, ships, and planes. （ D） Ferries, cars, trains, and planes. （ A） Because there are no signs to direct them. （ B） Because no tour guides are available. （ C） Because all the buildings in the city look alike. （ D） Because the university is everywhere in the ci
12、ty. （ A） They set their own exams. （ B） They select their own students. （ C） They award their own degrees. （ D） They organize their own laboratory work. （ A） Most of them has a long history. （ B） Many of them are specialized libraries. （ C） They house more books than any other university library. （
13、D） They each have a copy of every book published in Britain. （ A） Very few of them are engaged in research. （ B） They were not awarded degrees until 1948. （ C） They have outnumbered male students. （ D） They were not treated equally until 1881. Section A 26 These days, people who do【 C1】 _work often
14、receive far more money than people who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently referred to as “white-collar“ workers for the simple reason that they usually wear a(n) 【 C2】_and tie to go to work. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher
15、pay for the【 C3】 _of becoming white-collar workers. This can give【 C4】 _to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a(n) 【 C5】 _for the Ellesmere Corporation. When he got married, Alf was too【 C6】 _to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he
16、worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then【 C7】 _into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.【 C8】 _returning home at night, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept
17、his secret. Alf s wife has never【 C9】 _that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in【 C10】 _is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he wi
18、ll wear a suit all day and others will call him “Mr. Bloggs“, not “Alf. A)knowledge B)rise C)discovered D)privilege E)embarrassed F)collar G)strengthened H)envious I)status J)changed K)before L)mental M)dustman N)manual O)willing 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8
19、】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Identity theft A)Identity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain. B)The numbers asso
20、ciated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent General Accounting Office report estimates that as many as 750, 000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year. And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have b
21、een victimized. C)Identity theft is “an absolute epidemic“, states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocate of privacy, “Its certainly picked up in the last four or five years. Its worldwide. It affects everybody, and there s very little you can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can
22、 t detect it until it s probably too late.“ D)Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use, your personal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, your telephone calling card number, and other valuab
23、le identifying data, can be used, if they fall into the wrong hands, to personally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many people have reported that unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, in the worst cases, taken over th
24、eir identities altogether, running up vast debts and committing crimes while using the victims names. In many cases, a victims losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and
25、correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible. E)According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do job seekers protect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online? The key to a successful online job search is
26、learning to manage the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conducting a job search on the Internet. F)Check for a privacy policy. If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search site you are considering has a privacy policy, like CareerB. The policy should sp
27、ell out how your information will be used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice about posting your resume on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be opening yourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors(推销员 ). When reviewing the
28、 sites privacy policy, youll be able to delete your resume just as easily as you posted it. You wont necessarily want your resume to remain out there on the Internet once you land a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positive and not-so-posit
29、ive, it will receive. G)Take advantages of site features. Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting your resume, carefully consider your job search objectives and the level of risk you are willing to assume. CareerB, for example, offers three levels of privacy from w
30、hich job seekers can choose. The first is standard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility to the broadest employer audience possible. The second is anonymous(匿名的 )posting. This allows job seekers the same visibility as those in the standard posting category
31、 without any of their contact information being displayed. Job seekers who wish to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose which pieces of contact information to display. The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post a resume without having it sea
32、rched by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily apply for jobs that appear on CareerB without retyping their information. H)Safeguard your identity. Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using the Internet to search out jobs is to concea
33、l their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic(泛指的 )identifier, such as “Intranet Developer Candidate“, or “Experienced Marketing Representative“. You should also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on your title, it may not be all that
34、 difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided. Use a general description of the company such as “Major auto manufacturer, “ or “International packaged goods supplier.“ If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assign
35、ed by your employer. I)Establish an email address for your search. Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employment online is to open up an email account specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existing email box in the event someone you dont know gets hold of y
36、our email address and shares it with others. Using an email address specifically for your job search also eliminates the possibility that you will receive unwelcome emails in your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesn t contain references to your name or other in
37、formation that will give away your identity. The best solution is an email address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as salesmgr2QQ. J)Protect your references. If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of your references, take it out. There s no sense in
38、 safeguarding your information while sharing private contact information of your references. K)Keep confidential(机密的 )information confidential. Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, drivers license, and bank account numbers or other personal information, such as race or eye co
39、lor. Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application. Don t provide this even if they say they need it in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book dont fall for it. 37 In order to restore their reputation, victims of identity theft m
40、ay suffer additional financial losses. 38 Job seekers are advised to describe the company they are serving at the time in a general way but not giving an exact name. 39 Learn how to avoid the risks, if one hopes to seek jobs online safely. 40 Job seekers who want to share part of their information w
41、hile remain anonymous may choose pieces of contact information to display. 41 The number 750, 000 is not exact, people who become victims of identity theft each year may be more than it. 42 Identity theft is spreading around the world and difficult to detect. 43 A safer way to search a job online is
42、 to use your email account. 44 Make sure your email address wont be named in a way that could let out your personal information. 45 Resumes posted online for a long time will increase the risk of becoming victims of identity theft. 46 Honest employers wont ask their initial job applicants to reveal
43、their social security account or bank account numbers. Section C 46 Man is endlessly inventive. But his greatest invention is non-invention, the skill of transmitting intact(完美无损的 )and unchanged from one generation to the next the fundamental ways of doing things which he learned from the generation
44、 which preceded him. Children are conceived and reared, houses built, fish caught, and enemies killed in much the same way by most of the members of any society: and these patterns are maintained for relatively long periods of time. From the perspective of those in each new generation, and for the s
45、ociety as an enduring, historical entity(统一的 ), this process of cultural transmission yields enormous economy. Thanks to it, each generation need not rediscover at great cost in time and subject to great risk of failure, what those coming before have already learned. Not only is knowledge thus conse
46、rved, but the basis for communal life, resting on common information and understanding is thus established. Since all those in each generation receive more or less the same cultural heritage from the preceding generation, they can more easily relate to one another and more effectively coordinate the
47、ir actions. The grand total of all the objects, ideas, knowledge, ways of doing things, habits values, and attitudes which each generation in a society passes on to the next is what the anthropologist often refers to as the culture of a group. The transmission of culture is man s substitute for the
48、instincts(本能 )whereby most other living creatures are equipped with the means for coping with their environment and relating to one another. Yet it is more flexible than instinct, and can grow: that is, it can store new information, infinitely more rapidly than the process of mutation and biological
49、 evolution can enrich the instinctual storehouse of any other species. 47 What does the passage mainly discuss? （ A） The relation between culture and invention. （ B） The transmission of human culture. （ C） The history of human civilization. （ D） The biological evolution of man. 48 Which of the following is NOT included in the meaning of culture according to the passage? （ A） Knowledge of various disciplines. （ B） Production technology. （ C） Ways of living, life ha
