1、大学英语四级综合-44 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Short Answer Questio(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The Indo-European family of languages is the worlds largest embracing most of the languages of Europe, America, and much of Asi a. It includes the two great classical languages of antiquity, Latin and Greek, the Germanic la
2、nguages such .as English, German, Dutch, and Swedish; the Romance languages such as Italian, French, Spanish, and Portuguese; the Celtic languages such as Welsh and Gaelic; the Slavic languages such as Russian, Polish, Czech, and Serbo-Croatian; the Baltic languages, Lithuanian and Latvian; the Iran
3、ian languages such as Persian and Pashto; the Indic languages such as Sanskrit and Hindi; and other miscellaneous languages such as Albanian and Armenian. In Europe only Basque, Finnish, Estonian, Hungarian, Turkish, and a few languages of Russia are not of this family, the others have apparently al
4、l descended from an original parent tongue.The general consensus is that the original Indo-European civilization developed somewhere in eastern Europe about 3,000B.C. About 2,500B.C. it broke up; the people left their homeland and migrated in many different directions. Some moved into Greece, others
5、 made their way into Italy, other moved through Central Europe until they ultimately reached the British Isles. Another division headed northward into Russia, while still another branch crossed Iran and Afghanistan and eventually reached India. Wherever they settled, the Indo-Europeans appear to hav
6、e overcome the local inhabitants and imposed their language upon them. One must conclude-that they were the most remarkable people.The possibility of so many languages having descended from a common ancestor was first suggested in 1786, though the similarity of Sanskrit and Italian was noted as earl
7、y as the sixteenth century. By 1818 fifty separate languages were established as Indo-European; Albanian was added to the list in 1854 and Armenian in 1875. The total number of Indo-European speakers is about 1,875, 000, 000 people, approximately half the earths total population.（分数：20.00）(1).What i
8、s the article mainly concerned?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(2).What did the Indo-Europeans usually do when they had overcome the local inhabitants?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(3).When and where is the original Indo-European civilization believed to have developed?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(4).When was the similarity of Sanskrit and
9、Italian noted?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(5).How many separate languages were established as Indo-European in 1875?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：60.00)When you speak, write a letter, or make a telephone call, your words carry a message. People communicate (1) words. But do you know sometimes people also (2)
10、 without words? A smile on your face shows you are happy (3) friendly and tears in your eyes tell (4) that you are (5) . When you (6) your hand in class, the teacher (7) you want to say something or ask questions. You (8) your head and people know you are saying “No“, (9) if you nod, people know you
11、 are saying “Yes“.Other things can also (10) messages. For example, a sign at the bus stop (11) you to know (12) bus to take, and a sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library. Signs on the doors (13) you where to go in or out. Have you (14) noticed that there are a lot of (15) aro
12、und you and that you receive messages from them all (16) time?People can communicate in many other (17) . An artist can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, the blue seas and (18) other things. Books are written to tell you about all the wonderful things in the world and (19) other pe
13、ople are (20) about.（分数：60.00）A.onB.toC.withD.ofA.communicateB.sayC.tellD.whisperA.butB.orC.andD.yetA.othersB.otherC.oneD.onesA.ironicalB.gladC.luckyD.sadA.riseB.ariseC.raiseD.roseA.knowsB.saysC.informsD.hopesA.swingB.shakeC.tunaD.nodA.forB.likeC.andD.asA.bringB.carryC.spreadD.giveA.helpsB.makesC.le
14、tsD.leadsA.whoseB.whereC.thatD.whichA.toldB.tellingC.tellD.tellsA.neverB.everC.alsoD.justA.signsB.wordsC.drawingsD.messagesA.oneB.ofC.aD.theA.toolsB.methodsC.waysD.devicesA.manyB.anyC.muchD.noA.howB.whenC.whatD.whereA.sayingB.thinkingC.lookingD.going三、Translation(总题数：5，分数：20.00)1.Allens score on the
15、 test is the highest in the class; (他昨天晚上一定学习了).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_2.Some companies have introduced flexible working time with 1(更注重效率，而不是压力).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_3.Only if both sides accept the agreement 1(才能在 这个地区建立持久的和平).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_4.Weve just installed two air-conditions in our apartment, 1(这将使我们明年
16、夏天的生活产生很大的差别).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_5. 1(你本该把牛奶放入冰箱), I expect it has become undrinkable.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_大学英语四级综合-44 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Short Answer Questio(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The Indo-European family of languages is the worlds largest embracing most of the languages of Europe, America, and much of A
17、si a. It includes the two great classical languages of antiquity, Latin and Greek, the Germanic languages such .as English, German, Dutch, and Swedish; the Romance languages such as Italian, French, Spanish, and Portuguese; the Celtic languages such as Welsh and Gaelic; the Slavic languages such as
18、Russian, Polish, Czech, and Serbo-Croatian; the Baltic languages, Lithuanian and Latvian; the Iranian languages such as Persian and Pashto; the Indic languages such as Sanskrit and Hindi; and other miscellaneous languages such as Albanian and Armenian. In Europe only Basque, Finnish, Estonian, Hunga
19、rian, Turkish, and a few languages of Russia are not of this family, the others have apparently all descended from an original parent tongue.The general consensus is that the original Indo-European civilization developed somewhere in eastern Europe about 3,000B.C. About 2,500B.C. it broke up; the pe
20、ople left their homeland and migrated in many different directions. Some moved into Greece, others made their way into Italy, other moved through Central Europe until they ultimately reached the British Isles. Another division headed northward into Russia, while still another branch crossed Iran and
21、 Afghanistan and eventually reached India. Wherever they settled, the Indo-Europeans appear to have overcome the local inhabitants and imposed their language upon them. One must conclude-that they were the most remarkable people.The possibility of so many languages having descended from a common anc
22、estor was first suggested in 1786, though the similarity of Sanskrit and Italian was noted as early as the sixteenth century. By 1818 fifty separate languages were established as Indo-European; Albanian was added to the list in 1854 and Armenian in 1875. The total number of Indo-European speakers is
23、 about 1,875, 000, 000 people, approximately half the earths total population.（分数：20.00）(1).What is the article mainly concerned?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Its about the Indo-European languages）解析：解析 主旨题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了印欧语系的相关知识。(2).What did the Indo-Europeans usually do when they had overcome the local
24、inhabitants?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：They imposed their language upon them）解析：解析 细节题。文中第二段介绍说the Indo-Europeans appear to have overcome the local inhabitants and imposed their language upon them，由此可得出本题答案。impose意为“利用，强加”，常见搭配为 impose on/upon(强加于，利用，征税)，例如：Dont impose yourself on people who dont want y
25、ou不要勉强和不需要你的人在一起。(3).When and where is the original Indo-European civilization believed to have developed?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Somewhere in eastern Europe about 3，000 BC）解析：解析 细节题。在第二段开头便可以找到答案。(4).When was the similarity of Sanskrit and Italian noted?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：As early as the sixteen
26、th century）解析：解析 细节题。由最后一段中 the similarity of Sanskrit and Italian was noted as early as the sixteenth century可以得出答案。(5).How many separate languages were established as Indo-European in 1875?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：52）解析：解析 细节题。最后一段介绍 By 1818 fifty separate languages were established as Indo-European
27、；Albanian was added to the list in 1854 and Armenian in 1875由此可知，50+1+1=52，所以 1875年有 52种语言被确认属于印欧语系。二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：60.00)When you speak, write a letter, or make a telephone call, your words carry a message. People communicate (1) words. But do you know sometimes people also (2) without words? A sm
28、ile on your face shows you are happy (3) friendly and tears in your eyes tell (4) that you are (5) . When you (6) your hand in class, the teacher (7) you want to say something or ask questions. You (8) your head and people know you are saying “No“, (9) if you nod, people know you are saying “Yes“.Ot
29、her things can also (10) messages. For example, a sign at the bus stop (11) you to know (12) bus to take, and a sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library. Signs on the doors (13) you where to go in or out. Have you (14) noticed that there are a lot of (15) around you and that you
30、 receive messages from them all (16) time?People can communicate in many other (17) . An artist can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, the blue seas and (18) other things. Books are written to tell you about all the wonderful things in the world and (19) other people are (20) about.
31、（分数：60.00）A.onB.toC.with D.of解析：解析 惯用搭配题。“用进行交流”应使用介词 with，communicate with words 即“用语言进行交流”，所以 C正确。或者从下一句的反义复现词 without也可得出答案。A.communicate B.sayC.tellD.whisper解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。本题属于同义复现，前一句谈到了人们用语言交流，下一句则应是“有时候，人们不用语言也能交流”，所以 A正确。A.butB.or C.andD.yet解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。本题可采用排除法。happy 和 friendly词性相同，意义相近，但应用于不同的
32、场合，所以排除表示转折关系的 yet和 but；若用 and则表示两者同时出现，不符逻辑关系，故排除；所以 B正确。A.others B.otherC.oneD.ones解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。结合句意“眼睛中的泪水告诉_”可知，表示除自己以外的人应该用others，意为“其他人”，故选 A。A.ironicalB.gladC.luckyD.sad 解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。眼泪在大多数情况下代表悲伤，结合句意可知，D 正确。ironical 意为“讽刺的”，glad 意为“高兴的”，lucky 意为“幸运的”，均排除。A.riseB.ariseC.raise D.rose解析：解析 词义辨析题
33、。rise 意为“升起，起身”，为不及物动词；arise 意为“出现，发生”，为不及物动词；raise 意为“升起，举起”，为及物动词；rose 为 rise的过去式。由于空格后面有宾语your hand，所以选 C。A.knows B.saysC.informsD.hopes解析：解析 词义辨析题。know 意为“知道”，结合句意“在课堂上举手，老师就_你想要说什么或是有问题”可知，A 正确。say 意为“说”，inform 意为“通知”，hope 意为“希望”，均排除。A.swingB.shake C.tunaD.nod解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。从句子后半部分“人们从你_可以推出你是说No”
34、，从常识知道摇头(shake ones head)表示 No，所以 B正确。A.forB.likeC.and D.as解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。由于后面的 if条件句与前面的句子为并列关系，所以 C正确。A.bringB.carry C.spreadD.give解析：解析 词义辨析题。本句的意思是“其他事物也能传递信息”。bring 意为“拿来，带来”；carry意为“携带，传送”；spread 意为“传播，散布”；give 意为“给，授予”。由于 spread更多是含有“散布”之意，即把某个内容广为传播，而本处只需表示“传递”之意，故选 B。A.helps B.makesC.letsD.lea
35、ds解析：解析 词义辨析题。help 意为“帮助”；make 意为“促使”；let 意为“让”；lead 意为“领导，导致”。该句意为“公车站的标志_你了解该乘哪路车”，从后面的 to know可知填入的动词必须符合“动词+sbto do sth”的用法，由此可知 A正确。而且从后半句的 help you to find the library也可得出答案。A.whoseB.whereC.thatD.which 解析：解析 惯用搭配题。该乘哪辆车应用关系代词 which，即 which bus to take，故选 D。A.toldB.tellingC.tell D.tells解析：解析 语法
36、结构题。tell 在此作谓语动词，且由于短文采用了一般现在时，而本句的主语为signs，所以谓语动词应为复数形式，故选 C。A.neverB.ever C.alsoD.just解析：解析 词义辨析题。never 意为“决不，从未”；ever 意为“曾经”，它常常用于完成时态的句子中表示曾经做过某事；also 意为“也，又”；just 意为“仅仅，只”。结合句意可知，B 正确。A.signs B.wordsC.drawingsD.messages解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。本题属于同义复现，本段都在讲述标志(sign)，首先是 a sign at the bus stop和 a sign on th
37、e wall of your school，其次是 signs on the doors，所以 A正确。A.oneB.ofC.aD.the 解析：解析 惯用搭配题。all me time 是惯用搭配，意为“一直”，故选 D。A.toolsB.methodsC.ways D.devices解析：解析 词义辨析题。way 意为“方法，方式”，常指笼统的方式方法，由于上文讲述的都是交流的方法，所以 C正确。tool 意为“工具”；method 意为“办法，方法”，常指具体的解决问题的办法，即一个详细的、逻辑有序的计划，故排除；device 意为“设备，装置”，所以排除。含“方法”之意的单词辨析：me
38、thod 指科学、系统、合乎逻辑的有效方法。way 较常用，泛指任何方式方法，既可指具体方法，又可指抽象方法；既可指一般的方法，又可指个人独特的方式。means 指任何用来达到目的的东西，可指整套行动、方法、策略、手段等，也可指器具、工具、机器等。manner 常指个人的与众不同的做事方法。A.many B.anyC.muchD.no解析：解析 词义辨析题。many 意为“许多”，只修饰可数名词，符合句意，故选 A。any 意为“任何一个”，常用于否定句或疑问句中；much 意为“许多”，只修饰不可数名词；no 意为“不，没有”，故排除。A.howB.whenC.what D.where解析：
39、解析 语法结构题。此处缺少关系代词引导宾语从句，选项中只有 what能引导宾语从句，故选C。A.sayingB.thinking C.lookingD.going解析：解析 惯用搭配题。think about 是惯用搭配，意为“考虑，想”，所以 B正确。三、Translation(总题数：5，分数：20.00)1.Allens score on the test is the highest in the class; (他昨天晚上一定学习了).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：he must have studied last night）解析：解析 表示对过去某一动作或行为的猜
40、测需要用 must have done这一结构。2.Some companies have introduced flexible working time with 1(更注重效率，而不是压力).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：more emphasis on efficiency and less(emphasis)on pressure）解析：解析 “更注重于某方面”应为 more emphasis on sth；and 连接的两部分要前后对等，因此，前后都需要用名词短语。3.Only if both sides accept the agreement 1(才能在 这个地
41、区建立持久的和平).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：will a lasting peace be established in this region）解析：解析 该句难点在于，only 引导的句子应该主谓倒装；而“持久的和平”应译为 a lasting peace，故答案 will a lasting peace be established in this region。4.Weve just installed two air-conditions in our apartment, 1(这将使我们明年夏天的生活产生很大的差别).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答
42、案：which should make great differences in our life next summer）解析：解析 该句中，我们在公寓刚刚装好了两部空调“这件事情”，将使得我们明年夏天的生活产生很大差别，因此应该用 which来引导从句。“使产生差别”用 make differences in。5. 1(你本该把牛奶放入冰箱), I expect it has become undrinkable.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：You should have put the milk into the icebox/refrigerator）解析：解析 该句考查虚拟语气。由后面的主句 I expect it has become undrinkable可知，前面的句子应该用“should have+过去分词”。“把放入”应该译 put sthinto。
