1、专业英语四级-44及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、完形填空(总题数：3，分数：100.00)Its an annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that 1 evening youre burning the late-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards, 2 are throwing the books at kids. 3 elementary school students
2、 are complaining of homework 4 . Whats a well-meaning parent to do? As hard as 5 may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though youve got to get them to do it, 6 helping too much, or even examining 7 too carefully, you may keep them 8 doing it by themselves. I wouldnt advise a parent to check ev
3、ery 9 assignment, says John Rosemond, author of Ending the Tough Homework . Theres a 10 of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children 11 the grade they deserve. Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their 12 . But you dont
4、want them to feel it has to be 13 , she says. Thats not to say parents should 14 homeworkfirst, they should monitor how much homework their kids 15 . Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in 16 four, five, and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it shoul
5、d be 17 more than an hour and a half, and two for high school students. If your child 18 has more homework than this, you may want to check 19 other parents and then talk to the teacher about 20 assignments.（分数：40.00）A.veryB.exactC.rightD.usualA.officialsB.parentsC.expertsD.schoolsA.AlsoB.EvenC.Then
6、D.HoweverA.fatigueB.confusionC.dutyD.puzzleA.thereB.weC.theyD.itA.viaB.underC.byD.forA.questionsB.answersC.standardsD.rulesA.offB.withoutC.beyondD.fromA.singleB.pieceC.pageD.otherA.dropB.shortC.cutD.lackA.acquireB.earnC.gatherD.reachA.exercisesB.defectsC.mistakesD.testsA.perfectB.betterC.unusualD.co
7、mpleteA.forgetB.refuseC.missD.ignoreA.haveB.prepareC.makeD.performA.classesB.groupsC.gradesD.termsA.aboutB.noC.muchD.fewA.previouslyB.rarelyC.merelyD.consistentlyA.withB.inC.outD.upA.finishingB.loweringC.reducingD.decliningAs a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes liste
8、ning for that dreaded Is there a doctor on board? announcement. Ive been 21 only oncefor a woman who had merely fainted. But the 22 made me quite curious about how 23 this kind of thing happens. I wondered what I would do if 24 with a real midair medical emergencywithout access 25 a hospital staff a
9、nd the usual emergency equipment. So 26 the New England Journal of Medicine last week 27 a study about in-flight medical events, I read it 28 interest. The study estimated that there are a(n) 29 of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not 30 ; fainting and diz
10、ziness are the most frequent complaints. 31 13% of themroughly four a dayare serious enough to 32 a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies 33 heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing. Lets face it: plane rides are 34 . For starters, cabin pressures at high altitud
11、es are set at roughly 35 they would be if you rived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty 36 , but passengers with heart disease 37 experience chest pains as result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. 38 common in-flight prob
12、lem is deep venous thrombosisthe so-called economy class syndrome. 39 happens, dont panic. Things are getting better on the in-flight-emergency front. Thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at 40 one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks.（分数：40.00）A
13、.calledB.addressedC.informedD.surveyedA.accidentB.conditionC.incidentD.disasterA.soonB.longC.manyD.oftenA.confrontedB.treatedC.identifiedD.providedA.forB.toC.byD.throughA.beforeB.sinceC.whenD.whileA.collectedB.conductedC.discoveredD.publishedA.byB.ofC.withD.inA.amountB.averageC.sumD.numberA.signific
14、antB.heavyC.commonD.seriousA.ForB.OnC.ButD.SoA.requireB.inspireC.engageD.commandA.includeB.confineC.implyD.containA.enjoyableB.stimulatingC.tediousD.stressfulA.whoB.whatC.whichD.thatA.harshlyB.reluctantlyC.easilyD.casuallyA.ought toB.mayC.used toD.needA.AnyB.OneC.OtherD.AnotherA.WhateverB.WhicheverC
15、.WheneverD.WhereverA.mostB.worstC.leastD.bestSea rise as a result of global warming would immediately threaten that large fraction of the globe living at sea level. Nearly one-third of all human beings live within 36 miles of a coastline. Most of the worlds great seaport cities would be 41 . Some co
16、untries would be inundated. Heavily populated coastal areas 42 large populations occupy low-lying areas, would suffer extreme 43 . Warmer oceans would spawn stronger hurricanes and typhoons, 41 coastal flooding, possibly swamping valuable agricultural lands around the world. 45 water quality may res
17、ult as 46 flooding which forces salt water into coastal irrigation and drinking water supplies, and irreplaceable, natural 47 could be flooded with ocean water destroying forever many of the 48 plant and animal species living there. Food supplies and forests would be 49 affected. Changes in rainfall
18、 patterns would disrupt agriculture. Warmer temperatures would 50 grain-growing regions pole-wards. The warming would also increase and change the pest plants, such as weeds and the insects 51 the crops. Human health would also be affected. Warming could 52 tropical climate bringing with it yellow f
19、ever and other diseases. The harmful 53 of localized urban air pollution would very likely be more serious in warmer 54 . There will be some 55 from warming. New sea-lanes will open in the Arctic, longer growing seasons further north will 56 new agricultural lands, and warmer temperature will make s
20、ome of todays colder regions more 57 . But these benefits will be in individual areas. The natural systemsboth plant and animalwill be less able than man to cope and 58 . Any change of temperature, rainfall, and sea level of the magnitude now 59 will be destructive to natural systems and living thin
21、gs and 60 to man as well.（分数：20.00）A.ascendedB.assaultedC.erasedD.endangeredA.whichB.whereC.whenD.whatA.dislocationB.discontentC.distributionD.distinctionA.resulting fromB.leading byC.resulting inD.leading withA.IncreasedB.ReducedC.ExpandedD.SaddenedA.inlandB.suburbanC.urbanD.coastalA.dry-landB.moun
22、tainC.wetlandsD.forestA.uniqueB.universalC.interestingD.excitingA.geologicallyB.adverselyC.secretivelyD.seriallyA.shiftB.generateC.greaseD.fuseA.hikingB.huggingC.attackingD.activatingA.accordB.accommodateC.adhereD.enlargeA.profitsB.valuesC.effectsD.interestsA.conditionsB.revolutionC.surroundingsD.ev
23、olutionA.adjustmentsB.benefitsC.adoptionsD.profitsA.alternateB.abuseC.advocateD.createA.accidentalB.habitableC.anniversaryD.ambientA.adaptB.alleviateC.agitateD.assertA.ascertainedB.conformedC.consoledD.anticipatedA.thereforeB.butC.henceD.so专业英语四级-44答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、完形填空(总题数：3，分数：100.00)It
24、s an annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that 1 evening youre burning the late-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards, 2 are throwing the books at kids. 3 elementary school students are complaining of homework 4 . Whats a well-meaning parent
25、to do? As hard as 5 may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though youve got to get them to do it, 6 helping too much, or even examining 7 too carefully, you may keep them 8 doing it by themselves. I wouldnt advise a parent to check every 9 assignment, says John Rosemond, author of Ending the To
26、ugh Homework . Theres a 10 of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children 11 the grade they deserve. Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their 12 . But you dont want them to feel it has to be 13 , she says. Thats not to sa
27、y parents should 14 homeworkfirst, they should monitor how much homework their kids 15 . Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in 16 four, five, and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it should be 17 more than an hour and a half, and two for high school
28、 students. If your child 18 has more homework than this, you may want to check 19 other parents and then talk to the teacher about 20 assignments.（分数：40.00）A.veryB.exactC.rightD.usual解析：解析 very修饰名词，表示强调，that very evening指的是“正是那个晚上”。A.officialsB.parentsC.expertsD.schools解析：解析 前半句提到In the race.standar
29、ds(为了提高教育水平)，推测提高教育水平应是学校的目的，故选D。A.AlsoB.EvenC.ThenD.However解析：解析 根据前一句中“学校把大量的书扔给学生(即布置很多学习任务)”，本句表达的应该是“就连(even)小学生都抱怨”，这是对上文的递进说明。A.fatigueB.confusionC.dutyD.puzzle解析：解析 根据上文的burning the late-night oil(熬到深夜)和throwing the books at kids(把大量的书扔给学生)这样的表达，推断作业太多，从而造成“疲惫”(fatigue)。confusion“困惑”；duty“责任
30、”；puzzle“难题”。A.thereB.weC.theyD.it解析：解析 it may be hard (to do sth.)为习惯表达，意为“做某事可能有难度”，it为形式主语。A.viaB.underC.byD.for解析：解析 此处亦为固定表达，by doing sth.，you may.“通过做某事，你会”。A.questionsB.answersC.standardsD.rules解析：解析 examine answers为习惯动宾搭配，意思是“检查答案”。A.offB.withoutC.beyondD.from解析：解析 keep sb. from doing sth.为习
31、惯搭配，指“使某人不能做某事”。A.singleB.pieceC.pageD.other解析：解析 “every single+n.”中的single起强调作用，表示“每一个”；piece和page后接名词前要先加of；every other的意思是“每隔”，在此处讲不通。A.dropB.shortC.cutD.lack解析：解析 上文提到“检查每一项作业”肯定是对孩子反复尝试不认可，a lack of sth.“缺少某物”符合上下文语义。a drop of“一滴”和a cut of“一块”均句意不通；short为形容词，前面不加a。A.acquireB.earnC.gatherD.reach
32、解析：解析 四个选项中，只有earn“(通过努力)赢得；获得”能跟宾语grades“分数”搭配。acquire“习得”；gather“收集”；reach“达到”。A.exercisesB.defectsC.mistakesD.tests解析：解析 前半句建议父母检查孩子的作业(work)，后半句应该是让孩子rethink“反思”其中的“错误(mistakes)”，而不是所有的练习(exercise)；defect“缺点”和test“测试”与“作业”无关。A.perfectB.betterC.unusualD.complete解析：解析 but前后的句子表明：专家建议家长要检查作业，但不要走极端
33、：不要让孩子觉得作业必须_，此处应该选褒义程度最高的perfect。A.forgetB.refuseC.missD.ignore解析：解析 最后一段话锋一转：“这并不是说父母应该_作业”。显然前文(不要让孩子觉得作业必须完美无误)可能造成的误解是“忽略”(ignore)作业。A.haveB.prepareC.makeD.perform解析：解析 have homework为习惯表达，表示“有作业”；此处how much homework their kids have意为“老师给他们的孩子布置了多少作业”。A.classesB.groupsC.gradesD.terms解析：解析 空格后的46
34、是与前面early elementary years平行的，所以选grades“年级”，即46年级。A.aboutB.noC.muchD.few解析：解析 根据后文“高中2小时”，推断此处初中应该不超过1个半小时，所以选no，而非much；about和few不用于比较级之前。A.previouslyB.rarelyC.merelyD.consistently解析：解析 根据后文的talk to the teacher(跟老师谈谈)，既然需要跟老师谈谈，说明作业量很多，consistently“一贯地”能突出“量大”。previously“以前”；rarely“难得”；merely“仅仅”。A.
35、withB.inC.outD.up解析：解析 check with sb.意为“跟某人核实”；check in“(在旅馆、机场等)登记”；check out“结账离去”；check up (on) sth.“检查某事”。A.finishingB.loweringC.reducingD.declining解析：解析 因为作业太多，所以应该要求“减少(reduce)”。finish“完成”和lower“降下”不与homework搭配；decline表示“下降”时为不及物动词，后不能带宾语。As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot o
36、f time on planes listening for that dreaded Is there a doctor on board? announcement. Ive been 21 only oncefor a woman who had merely fainted. But the 22 made me quite curious about how 23 this kind of thing happens. I wondered what I would do if 24 with a real midair medical emergencywithout access
37、 25 a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. So 26 the New England Journal of Medicine last week 27 a study about in-flight medical events, I read it 28 interest. The study estimated that there are a(n) 29 of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not
38、 30 ; fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints. 31 13% of themroughly four a dayare serious enough to 32 a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies 33 heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing. Lets face it: plane rides are 34 . For starters, cabin pre
39、ssures at high altitudes are set at roughly 35 they would be if you rived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty 36 , but passengers with heart disease 37 experience chest pains as result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. 38
40、 common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosisthe so-called economy class syndrome. 39 happens, dont panic. Things are getting better on the in-flight-emergency front. Thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at 40 one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat hea
41、rt attacks.（分数：40.00）A.calledB.addressedC.informedD.surveyed解析：解析 空格后提到“因为一位女士昏倒了”，作为一个physician(医生)，作者自然是被广播叫到(called)，故选A。inform“通知”；address“解决”；survey“调查”。A.accidentB.conditionC.incidentD.disaster解析：解析 本题用“the+选项”指代前一句的情形，“女士晕倒”用。incident“小事件”描述较准确，故选C。condition“条件”；disaster“灾难”；accident“事故”。A.so
42、onB.longC.manyD.often解析：解析 从第二段首句看出作者关心的是这种事件发生的频率，how often表示频率，故选D。A.confrontedB.treatedC.identifiedD.provided解析：解析 此处意为“如果_真实的空中医疗紧急情况，我会怎么做”，预测空格处填入“遇到”含义的词，confronted with意为“遇到”，符合上下文语义。identify with“认为与相等”；treat with“以招待”；provide with“提供”。A.forB.toC.byD.through解析：解析 access和to构成固定搭配，意为“可以得到”。A.
43、beforeB.sinceC.whenD.while解析：解析 根据上下文，这里应是“当时候”的意思，而下一小题的四个选项都是表示短暂性动作的动词，故只能用when，因为while表示“当时”只能接延续性动词，常用过去进行时，故选C。A.collectedB.conductedC.discoveredD.published解析：解析 本句的主语是杂志，所以与之搭配的谓语肯定是publish“出版，发表”。collect“收集”；discover“发现”；conduct“开展”。A.byB.ofC.withD.in解析：解析 这里是固定搭配，with interest“饶有兴趣”。A.amoun
44、tB.averageC.sumD.number解析：解析 这里表示的是“每天平均有30起事故”。A.significantB.heavyC.commonD.serious解析：解析 根据下一句“晕倒和眩晕是最常见的身体不适症状”，推断大多数情况并不严重(serious)。A.ForB.OnC.ButD.So解析：解析 上文说“晕倒和眩晕是最常见的身体不适症状”，说明不是太严重，而下文的serious enough to(严重到)提示上下文之间存在语义上的转折，故选C。A.requireB.inspireC.engageD.command解析：解析 这里require构成固定搭配require
45、sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，本句意为“要求飞行员改变航线”。engage“使忙于”；inspire“鼓舞”；command“命令”。A.includeB.confineC.implyD.contain解析：解析 此处的句意为“最常见的严重情况_心脏病、中风及呼吸困难”，因此空格处应填入“包括”含义的词，include“包括”强调“包括者只是整体的一部分”，符合句意。contain“包含”强调的是“包含者仅仅是构成的某种成分”，如“月饼包含水分”。confine“限制”；imply“暗示”。A.enjoyableB.stimulatingC.tediousD.stressful解析：解析 本句为本段的主题句，看下文得知全
