1、翻译三级口译实务-(暂无语音，只提供参考 4及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.赵：“地球日”是怎么回事?什么时候开始的?都取得了哪些成就?Smith: Earth Day was started in 1970It was set to help raise the general publics environ- mental awarenessFor one thing，it provides a special day to remind people to take care of the EarthIt al
2、so gives special interest and environmental groups an opportunity to motivate their membs to take action in their communities赵：听起来不错。可就在环保取得成绩的同时，人口膨胀、臭氧层空洞、全球气候变暖这些问题一点也没有改善。地球人口越多，资源消耗的越多，产生的垃圾也越多，到时连种粮食的地都没有了怎么办?对此我们决不可掉以轻心。Smith: That is certainly trueBy the year 2005，there will be 7 billion peo
3、ple on the planetI personally think that recycling is the answerPaper，metal，rubber，oil，and many other materials are going to have to be recycled on a much greater scaleEveryone will have to be involvedPerhaps even special legislation will be requiredIt is true that we are losing millions of hectares
4、 every year to housing and roadsBut there is still a lot of undeveloped land that could be used for both farming and housingAnd science and technology is helping us to get more out of the land that is used for farming赵：那么今年“地球日”你打算都干点什么呢?Smith: I will probably attend our citys annual Earth Day celeb
5、rations and thenhelp pick up the mountain of garbage leftover （分数：20.00）_二、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.On August 31,1997, Lady Diana Spencer,former wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, was killed with her companion Dodi Fayed in a car accident in ParisTests conducted by French police indicated that the d
6、river,who also(1ied in the crash,was intoxicated and likely caused the accident while trying to escape the paparazzi photographers who consistently tailed Diana during any public outingSixteen years earlier, nearly four billion people in 74 countries had tuned in to witness the marriage of Prince Ch
7、arles, heir to the British throne, to Lady Diana, a young English school teacherMarried in a grand ceremony at St Pauls Cathedral in the presence of 2,650 guests, the couples romance was for the moment the envy of the worldHowever, before long the fairytale couple grew apart, an experience that was
8、particu- larly painful under the ubiquitous eyes ofthe worlds tabloid mediaIn August 1996, two months after Queen Elizabeth urged the couple to divorce, the prince and princess reached a final agreementIn exchange for a generous settlement, and the right to retain her apartments at Kensington Palace
9、 and her title of princess, Diana agreed to relinquish the title of“Her Royal Highness“ and any future claims to the British throneIn the year between the divorce and her fatal car accident, the popular princess seemed well on her way of achieving her dream of becoming“a queen in peoples hearts“ （分数
10、：40.00）_三、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)3.中国国务院新闻办主任赵启正在开幕式上说，中美两国是两个伟大的国家，它们之间的关系不仅对本国十分重要，而且对世界的和平和发展也十分重要。1972年尼克松总统第一次访问中国时说，对美国人民来说，远隔太平洋的中国是一个遥远而神秘的国度，将近 30年后的今天，这种神秘感显然是减少了，但两国之间的了解比应该达到的程度仍相差很远。人民之间的了解和友谊是两国关系的基石，“2000 年中国文化美国行”就是为铺筑这样的基石而努力。 （分数：40.00）_翻译三级口译实务-(暂无语音，只提供参考 4答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90
11、 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.赵：“地球日”是怎么回事?什么时候开始的?都取得了哪些成就?Smith: Earth Day was started in 1970It was set to help raise the general publics environ- mental awarenessFor one thing，it provides a special day to remind people to take care of the EarthIt also gives special interest and environmental g
12、roups an opportunity to motivate their membs to take action in their communities赵：听起来不错。可就在环保取得成绩的同时，人口膨胀、臭氧层空洞、全球气候变暖这些问题一点也没有改善。地球人口越多，资源消耗的越多，产生的垃圾也越多，到时连种粮食的地都没有了怎么办?对此我们决不可掉以轻心。Smith: That is certainly trueBy the year 2005，there will be 7 billion people on the planetI personally think that recy
13、cling is the answerPaper，metal，rubber，oil，and many other materials are going to have to be recycled on a much greater scaleEveryone will have to be involvedPerhaps even special legislation will be requiredIt is true that we are losing millions of hectares every year to housing and roadsBut there is
14、still a lot of undeveloped land that could be used for both farming and housingAnd science and technology is helping us to get more out of the land that is used for farming赵：那么今年“地球日”你打算都干点什么呢?Smith: I will probably attend our citys annual Earth Day celebrations and thenhelp pick up the mountain of
15、garbage leftover （分数：20.00）_正确答案：(参考译文 Zhao: So what is the purpose of Earth Day，how did it get started and what exactly has it accomplished? 史密斯：“地球日”是 1970年开始的，目的是提高公众的环保意识。一则是这一活动可以提醒人们要细心照看好我们的地球，同时也使特别利益团体和环保组织有机会动员自己的成员在各自社区采取行动。 Zhao: That all sounds niceBut compared with progress made in env
16、ironmental protection， nothing seems to have changed in population explosion，ozone depletion，global warm- ing and that sort of thingLets face it，the more people on the earth，the more resources will be used up and the more waste there will beWhat are we going to do if we run out ofland for food?We mu
17、st not take the issue lighty 史密斯：你说的很对。到 2005年，地球人口将达 70亿。我个人认为解决上述问题的方法在废品回收利用。纸张、金属、橡胶、油料、以及许多物资都必须在更大程度上回收利用。每个人都要参与。也许还需要特别立法。我们的确正在因建房筑路失去千百万公顷的土地，但未开发的土地还不少，可以用来种植农作物或建房。科学技术能帮我们从农田取 得更大的收获。 Zhao: So what are you going to do for Earth Day this year? 史密斯：我也许会参加市里举办的“地球日”纪念大会，然后帮忙清扫成山的垃圾。)解析：解析
18、交替传译是译员在讲话人讲完一句、一个意群、一段甚至整篇后译出目标语言的翻译方式。在交替传译中，关键是理解，以听为主，笔记为辅。听需要百分之百的投入，而记笔记所用的脑力是额外创造出来的，两者之间的桥梁是理解。 记笔记，应该在第一个意群在脑海中成形后，再动笔。记笔记的关键，不是对文章原话一字不差的记录，而是原话意思的忠实再造。同时关联词在记笔记中起很大的作用，用关联词这根线串起整个意思链。此外，记笔记还应当体现出主 次，什么是主干，什么是枝干，什么是例子，都应该在笔记中一目了然。 本段对话主要讨论有关地球日的情况，要求应试者掌握某些专门用语、专有 名词，考查应试者的基本素质；在此基础上，应试者还要
19、在相当短的时间内理解长难句并准确完整地翻译；对某些短语和单词确切理解其含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法，使译文不仅准确完整，而且符合目标语的语言习惯。 基本素质采分点 下列单词或短语是基础知识点，包括专有名词、惯用表达等，是译者正确理解并翻译的关键。 1Earth Day 地球日 2population explosion 人口爆炸 3ozone depletion 臭氧层空洞 4global warming 全球气候变暖 结构理解采分点 下面是本段对话出现的长难句，要求应试者在很短时间内，判断其结构、大 意并组织语言，且保证信息的完整和准确。 1For one thing，it prO
20、vides a special day to remind people to take care of the EarthIt also gives special interest and environmental goups an opportunity to motivate their members to take action in their communities 原文为两个并列句，使用的衔接词是 for one thingalso，在翻译中，使用合译法，把两个简单句译成一个单句。同时注意记录核心内容，也就是两个并 列句的主干：provide a day，remind pe
21、ople to take care of the Eanh；motivate members to take action参考译文为：一则是这一活动可以提醒人们要细心照看好我们的地球，同时也使特别利益团体和环保组织有机会动员自己的成员在各自社 区采取行动。 2可就在环保取得成绩的同时，人口膨胀、臭氧层空洞、全球气候变暖这些问题一点也没有改善。 原句为一个复杂单句，句子主干是“这些问题没有改善”，译者应做好笔记， 记下是哪些问题。中文句子的定语修饰语过长，且位于被修饰语之前。在翻译时，应改变顺序，原文的语序颠倒过来，即“环保一点也没改变下列问题”。 参考译文为：But compared with
22、 progress made in environmental protection，nothing seems to have changed in population explosion，ozone depletion，global warming and that sort ofthings 3地球人口越多，资源消耗得越多，产生的垃圾也就越多，到时连种粮食的地 都没有了怎么办? 原句中并列成分多，注意记下核心信息：人口，资耗，垃圾多、粮食地没了怎么办。在翻译时使用拆句法，把长句拆成短句，不会遗漏信息，而且容易理解。参考译文为：the more people on the earth，t
23、he more resources will be us ed up and the more waste there will beWhat are we going to do if we run out of land for food? 4But there is still a lot ofundeveloped land that could be used for both farming and housing 原句的核心内容是“there is undeveloped land”，句子中含有定语从句，为了使译文清楚，可使用拆句法，在定语从句前拆译。参考译文为：但未开发的土地还
24、不少，可以用来种植农作物或建房。 5I will probably attend our citys annual“Earth Day”celebrations and then help pick up the mountain of garbage left over 原句是由连词 and连接的两个并列句，核心信息是：attend“Earth Day”，pick up garbage 时间上顺承关系。翻译时可采用顺译法或直译法，把原文信息表达出来。参考译文为：我也许会参加市里举办的一年一次的“地球日”纪念大会，然后帮忙清扫成山的垃圾。 言语表达采分点 应试者在注意了整体表达的基础上，还应正
25、确理解和翻译某些重要短语或单词，以使译文完整流畅。 1取得成就 accomplish 2raise the general publics awareness 提高公众意识 3special interest groups 特别利益集团 4motivate 激发 5种粮食的土地没有了 runoutoflandforfood 6掉以轻心 take the issue lightly 7recycling 再循环、回收 8beinvolved 参加 9attend 出席、参加 10leftover 剩余的二、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.On August 31,1997,
26、Lady Diana Spencer,former wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, was killed with her companion Dodi Fayed in a car accident in ParisTests conducted by French police indicated that the driver,who also(1ied in the crash,was intoxicated and likely caused the accident while trying to escape the paparazzi pho
27、tographers who consistently tailed Diana during any public outingSixteen years earlier, nearly four billion people in 74 countries had tuned in to witness the marriage of Prince Charles, heir to the British throne, to Lady Diana, a young English school teacherMarried in a grand ceremony at St Pauls
28、Cathedral in the presence of 2,650 guests, the couples romance was for the moment the envy of the worldHowever, before long the fairytale couple grew apart, an experience that was particu- larly painful under the ubiquitous eyes ofthe worlds tabloid mediaIn August 1996, two months after Queen Elizab
29、eth urged the couple to divorce, the prince and princess reached a final agreementIn exchange for a generous settlement, and the right to retain her apartments at Kensington Palace and her title of princess, Diana agreed to relinquish the title of“Her Royal Highness“ and any future claims to the Bri
30、tish throneIn the year between the divorce and her fatal car accident, the popular princess seemed well on her way of achieving her dream of becoming“a queen in peoples hearts“ （分数：40.00）_正确答案：(参考译文 1997 年 8月 3 1日，威尔土亲王查尔斯的前妻戴安娜斯宾塞女士与她的男友多迪法耶德在巴黎遇车祸死亡。 法国警察进行了化验，化验结果表明，在车祸中死亡的司机喝醉了酒，他在躲避每次戴安娜外出时紧随不放
31、的摄影记者时出了车祸。 16 年前，在 74个国家有近 40亿人在电视上目睹英国王位的继承人查尔斯亲王与年轻的英国教师戴安娜的婚礼。他们俩在圣保罗教堂举行了盛大的仪式，有 2,650人出席，当时他们俩的浪漫故事使世人羡慕。 但是不久，这童话般一对儿的感情就破裂了。世界各地的小报密切跟踪，详细报道，使得这段经历更加令人痛苦。 在伊莉沙白二世女王劝说他们离婚后两个月，也就是 1996年 8月，两人达成了最后协议。 戴安娜为了获得优厚的待遇，并为有权保留她在肯新顿宫的住房和王妃的头衔，同意放弃“殿下”的称号和今后对继承英国王位的要求。 在离婚之后到车祸身亡的一年中，这位人们爱戴的王妃似已接近实现她成
32、为“人们心中的女王”的梦想。)解析：解析 本文讲述了黛安娜王妃因为交通事故而离开人世。文章从交通事故的原因讲起，叙述了黛安娜自成为英国王妃以来的生活经历。本文要求应试者掌握整个事件的发展过程，包括某些专门用语。在此基础上，应试者还要在相当短的时间内记录讲话的核心信息，理解长难句并准确完整地翻译；确切理解某些短语和单词的含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法，使译文不仅准确完整，而且符合目标语的语言习惯。 基本素质采分点 下列单词或短语是基础知识点，包括专有名词、惯用表达等，是译者正确理解并翻译的关键。 1Prince of Wales 威尔士亲王 2heir to the British Th
33、rone 英国王位继承人 3StPauls Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂 4Queen Elizabeth 女王伊丽莎白二世 5Kensington Palace 肯辛顿宫 6Her Royal Highness 殿下 结构理解采分点 以下各句是本文出现的长难句，需要应试者在短时间内，判断其结构、大意并组织语言，且保证信息的完整和准确。这要求在听时，应试者应首先注意长句的基本结构，然后补充次要结构的内容，要求应试者不仅能用符合目标语言的习惯方式表述信息，而且要保证信息在表述过程中不会缺失或误译。 1Tests conducted by French police indicated tha
34、t the driver，who also died in the crashwas intoxicated and likely caused the accident while trying to escape the paparazzi photogra- phers who consistently tailed Diana during any public outing 原句句子结构复杂，句子结构分析如下：1)主干结构是(主语)tests+(谓 语)indicated+宾语从句；2)宾语从句的主干是 the driver+was intoxicated/ caused the a
35、ccident；3)who also died in the crash是非限制性定语从句，修饰 driver； 4)while trying to做伴随状语；5)who consistently tailed Diana是定语从句， 修饰 photographers；6)conducted by French police，过去分词做定语，修饰 tests。 翻译该句时应采用分译法，按照中文表达习惯，将此句拆分为4个短句，把定语从句和后置定语结构拆成短句，使句子更容易理解；为使句子顺畅，还应补足实词。参考译文为：法国警察进行了化验，化验结果表明，在车祸中死亡的司机喝醉了酒，他在躲避每次戴安娜
36、外出时紧随不放的摄影记者时出 了车祸。 2Married in a grand ceremony at the St Pauls Cathedral in the presence of 2,650 guests， the couples romance was for the moment the envy of the world 原句句子结构分析如下：1)主干结构是(主语)romance+(谓语)was+(表 语)the envy；2)Married in a grand ceremony at the St Pauls Cathedral in the pre- sence of 2,
37、650 guests，过去分词短语做状语，翻译时可将过去分词短语拆分成为短句，介词短语可转化为动词短语。参考译文为：他们俩在圣保罗教堂举行了盛大的仪式，有 2,650人出席，当时他们俩的浪漫故事使世人羡慕。 3However，before long the fairy-tale couple grew apart，an experience that was particularly painful under the ubiquitous eyes ofthe worlds tabloid media 原句句子结构分析如下：1)句子主干是(主语)the couple+(谓语)grew apa
38、rt； 2)an experience that，是同位语从句，来修饰限定主句 the coupe grew apart 这件经历。翻译时可用拆译法，将从句拆开来单独成句，从句中的介词短语要按照中文的表达方法转化句序，并将介词短语结构转化为动词。参考译文为：但是不久，这童话般一对儿的感情就破裂了。世界各地的小报密切跟踪，详细报道，使得这段经历更加令人痛苦。 4In exchange for a generous settlement，and the right to retain her apartments at Kensington Palace and her title of prin
39、cess，Diana agreed to relinquish the title of“Her Royal High- ness”and any future claims to the British throne 原句句子结构分析如下：1)句子主干是(主语)Diana+(谓语)agreed；2) In exchange for介词短语引导了两个并列结构作目的状语；3)to relinquish the title of“Her Royal Highness”and any future claims to the British throne，是介宾短语，并有两个并列成分。翻译时根据中文
40、表达习惯，目的状语放在句首，可采用顺译法，并对句序作适当调整。参考译文为：戴安娜为了获得优厚的待遇，并为有权保留她在肯新顿宫的住房和王妃的头衔，同意放弃“殿下”的称号和今后对继承英国王位的要求。 5In the year between the divorce and her fatal car accident，the popular princess seemed well on her way of achieving her dream of becoming“a queen in peoples hearts” 原句句子结构分析如下：1)句子主干是(主语)the princess+(
41、谓语)seemed； 2)In the year between，介词短语作时间状语；3)on her way of achieving her dream of becoming“a queen in peoples hearts”，作介词短语。翻译时，按照中文表达习惯，采用顺译法，并适当调整句序使译文流畅。参考译文为：在离婚之后到车祸身亡的一年中，这位人们爱戴的王妃似已接近实现她成为“人们心中的女王”的梦想。 言语表达采分点 应试者在注意了整体表达的基础上，还应正确处理某些重要短语或单词的理解和翻译，以使译文完整通畅。 1former wife 前妻 2intoxicated 喝醉的 3p
42、aparazzi photographers 专门追逐名人的摄影记者 4witness 目击，为作证 5in the presence of 在面前 6fairy-tale couple 童话般的夫妻 7ubiquitous 无处不在的 8tabloidmedia 小报媒体 9reach a final agreement 达成了最后协议 10relinquish 放弃三、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)3.中国国务院新闻办主任赵启正在开幕式上说，中美两国是两个伟大的国家，它们之间的关系不仅对本国十分重要，而且对世界的和平和发展也十分重要。1972年尼克松总统第一次访问中国时说
43、，对美国人民来说，远隔太平洋的中国是一个遥远而神秘的国度，将近 30年后的今天，这种神秘感显然是减少了，但两国之间的了解比应该达到的程度仍相差很远。人民之间的了解和友谊是两国关系的基石，“2000 年中国文化美国行”就是为铺筑这样的基石而努力。 （分数：40.00）_正确答案：(参考译文 Minister Zhao Qizheng ofthe State Council Information Office said at the opening ceremony， China and the U.S.are two great nations，andtheir relationship is
44、 not only highly important to the two countries，but also to peace and development the world over During his first visit to China in 1 972，President Nixon said that to the American people China was a remote and mysterious country on the other side of the Pacific OceanNearly 30 years later，this sense
45、ofmystery has reduced remarkably，but the level ofmutual understanding between the two countries is still very far from where it should have been Understanding and friendship of the two peoples are the foundation stone of bilateral relationshipChina Cultural Exchange 2000 is designed precisely to lay
46、 such a foundation stone)解析：解析 本文有关“2000 年中国文化美国行”，讲述了中美关系的重要性，并提到从美国总统第一次访华至今，中美之间的了解还没达到应该的程度，文化行活动的目的是促进中美双方的了解。 本文考查应试者对中英关系方面基本知识的掌握情况，包括某些专门用语、中国外交领域的特色表达、专有名词等的掌握情况，以确定其口译的基本素质；在此基础上，应试者还要在相当短的时间内理解长难句并准确完整地翻译；理解某些短语和单词确切含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法，使译文准确完整，而且符合目标语的语言习惯。 基本素质采分点 下列单词或短语是基础知识点，包括某些专门用语
47、、具有中国特色的表达、专有名词等，是应试者正确理解并翻译的关键。 1国务院 the State Council 2新闻办 the Information Office 3开幕式 the opening ceremony 4太平洋 the Pacific Ocean 5世界的和平和发展 peace and development the world over 6两国之间的了解 mutual understanding between the two countries 7两国关系的基石 the foundation stone ofbilateral relationship 结构理解采分点 以下各句是本文出现的长难句，需要应试者在短时间内，判断其结构、大意并组织语言，且保证信息的完整和准确。这要求在听时，应试者应注意长句的基本结构，把中文的长句转化为复合英文表达的结构，要求应试者不仅能用符合目 标语言的习惯方式表述信息，而且要保证信息在表述过程中不会缺失或误译
