1、公共英语五级-188 及答案解析(总分：108.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BPart A/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)（分数：10.00）(1).Art was her favorite subject at school, but she did a degree in geography.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).She decided to work abroad because of the weather.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(3).In Kenya she taught at a
2、 school that took in large numbers of poor students.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).She taught as a part-time geography teacher at a college for 12 years.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).She now works as deputy head of the college.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(6).She spends equal time teaching and doing administrative work.（分数：1.00）A
3、.正确B.错误(7).She believes that her teaching strengthens her credibility.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(8).She found it hard to balance her role as a teacher and as an administrator.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(9).She believes that it is necessary for children to study geography, which helps them appreciate their environment.
4、（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(10).Children do not want to see videos any more because they can get information on the Internet.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误三、BPart B/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)（分数：3.00）(1).According to the speaker，what are convenience goods? A. Commodities that people are in constant need of B. Goods that are conven
5、ient to use or purchase C. Items that people tend to buy under impulse D. Items that have to be bought once a week（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What are the shopping goods that are basically considered the same? A. Those that satisfy similar needs of the consumer B. Those that consumers dont care where to bu
6、y C. Those that consumers spend much time looking for D. Those that Can be found everywhere（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the characteristic of specialty goods? A. They are goods that can be bought at a special price B. They are special kinds of products C. They are characterized in their brands D. Th
7、ey need special efforts to get（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：3.00）(1).Which of the following about pick pocketing is NOT true? A. It is a fast increasing crime. B. Its methods are improving. C. Nobody is safe from a veteran pickpocket. D. There are about 4, 000, 000 victims every year.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Wha
8、t was probably the reason for discontinuing to hang a pickpocket in the 18th century? A. Hanging was a useless warning. B. It was too cruel and violent. C. Too many people watched the practice. D. Other pickpockets were only spectators.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Where is the least likely place for pick po
9、cketing? A. Banks and supermarkets. B. Train and bus stations. C. Post offices and hospitals, D. Elevators and airports.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：4.00）(1).Why does the speaker refer to swimming as one of the most beneficial forms of general exercise? A. Because no other form of exercise uses so many musc
10、les in the body so fully. B. Because no other form of exercise provides so much pleasure. C. Because no other form of exercise is so popular. D. Because no other form of exercise is so competitive.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What group is the speaker addressing? A. Parents of swimmers. B. Tennis coaches. C
11、. Candidates for the swimming team. D. Competitive runners.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The speaker compares competitive swimming with what sport in terms of the athletes age? A. Golfing. B. Tennis. C. Football. D. Running.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does the speaker say about competitive swimming? A. It is a
12、 lifelong sport. B. It may interfere with academic studies. C. It does not offer many financial rewards. D. It is less demanding than other sports.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、BPart C/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)（分数：10.00）(1).What did the speaker talk about last time?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What does the talk mainly concern
13、?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).What does the speaker refer activity of any organization to?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).What does business concern usually do?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What advantages does work have?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).What is behavioral management based on?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Why should a manager study beha
14、vioral management?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).According to the speaker, what does a manager have to treat everyone of his staff as?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).It sounds a bit unscientific that a good manager is _ rather than _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).Behavioral management is very useful but is not _ like scientific ma
15、nagement.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_五、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)In the United States there are six million tennis players and twelveU U 1 /U /Ugolfers. These figures would not surprise most people. But many would beU U 2 /U /Uto learn that twenty million AmericansU U 3 /U /Umotorcycles. Few people realize
16、that motorcycling is fast becomingU U 4 /U /Uof Americas most popular sports.Many kinds of people enjoy motorcycling. They include blacks andU U 5 /U /U, businessmen, professionals, and blue-collar workers. According to the Cycle News,U U 6 /U /Ureaches more than 50 000 readers each week, the averag
17、e American motorcyclist is between the ages of twenty-one and thirty-five. He owns his own house, and has a wife, more than oneU U 7 /U /U,and at least one car. He is a responsible citizen.Cycle Magazine, a monthly publication with almost 280000U U 8 /U /U, claims that approximately fifty-five per c
18、ent of American motorcyclists are businessmen,U U 9 /U /Uthree per cent in the professions and nine per cent in government service. Such informantion is offered by motorcyclists in the hopeU U 10 /U /Uimproving the general publics impression of theirU U 11 /U /U. The public has tended to believe tha
19、t all motorcycles are ridden by wild, irresponsible, lawless young men.There are several thingsU U 12 /U /Umotorcycling that the average citizen dislikes. A cyclists appearance hasU U 13 /U /Uto do with this dislike. Motorcyclists frequently look dirty; in fact, they are dirty. On the road there is
20、little to protect themU U 14 /U /Umud, crushed insects,U U 15 /U /Ubird droppings.U U 16 /U /Upractical reasons they often dressU U 17 /U /Uold clothing which looks muchU U 18 /U /Urespectable than the clothing of people who ride in cars. For the same reason motorcyclists usually wear dark colors. P
21、erhaps this helps to explainU U 19 /U /Uthey are sometimes suspected of having evil natures. In old plays of long ago, evil characters usually wore black. In cowboy movies the “bad guys“ usuallyU U 20 /U /Ublack hats while the “good guys“ wear lighter colors.（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
22、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、BText 1/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Opinion polls are now beginning to show that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high une
23、mployment is probably hero to stay. This means we shall have to make ways of sharing the available employment more widely.But we need to go further. We must ask some primary questions about the future of work. Would we continue to treat employment as the norm? Would we not rather encourage many othe
24、r ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production and work?The industrial
25、age has been the only period of human history in which most peoples work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coaling to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could provide the p
26、rospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to p
27、rovide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from peoples homes. Later, as transportation improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many peoples work lost al
28、l connection with their home lives and the place in which they lived.Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In pre-industrial time, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to be paid employment
29、, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.It was not only women whose work status suffered. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and
30、 old people were excludeda problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives. All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgen
31、t practical task of helping many people to manage without full time jobs.（分数：5.00）(1).Research carried out in the recent opinion polls shows that A. available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the population. B. new jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment fi
32、gures. C. available employment must be more widely distributed among the unemployed. D. the nowaday high unemployment figures are a truth of life.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The arrival of the industrial age in our historical evolution meant that A. universal employment virtually guaranteed prosperity. B.
33、economic freedom came within everyones control. C. patterns of work were fundamentally changed. D. peoples attitudes to work had to be reversed.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries meant that A. people were no longer legally entitled to own land. B. people were driven t
34、o look elsewhere for means of supporting themselves. C. people were not adequately compensated for the loss of their land. D. people were badly paid for the work they managed to find.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The effects of almost universal employment were overwhelming in that A. the household and villag
35、e community disappeared completely. B. men now travelled enormous distances to their places of work. C. young and old people became superfluous components of society. D. the work status of those not in paid employment suffered.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The article concludes that A. the creation of jobs f
36、or all is an impossibility. B. our efforts and resources in terms of tackling unemployment are insufficient. C. people should begin supporting themselves by learning a practical skill. D. we should help those whose jobs are only part-time.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Throughout history
37、 there have been many unusual taxes levied on such things as hats, beds, baths, marriages, and funerals. At one time England levied a tax on sunlight by collection from every household with six or more windows. And according to legend, there was a Turkish ruler who collected a tax each time he dined
38、 with one of his subjects. Why? To pay for the wear and tear on his teeth!Different kinds of taxes help to spread the tax burden. Anyone who pays a tax is said to “bear the burden“ of the tax. The burden of a tax may fall more heavily on some persons than on others. That is why the three levels of g
39、overnment in this country use several kinds of taxes. This spreads the burden of taxes among more people. From the standpoint of their use, the most important taxes are income ta- xes, property taxes, sales taxes, and estate, inheritance, and gift taxes. Some are used by only one level of government
40、;others by or even all three levels. Together these different taxes make up what is called our tax system.Income taxes are the main source of federal revenues. The federal government gets more than three-fourths of its revenue from income taxes. As its name indicated, an income tax is a tax on earni
41、ngs. Both individuals and business corporations pay a federal income tax.The oldest tax in the United States today is the property tax. It provides most of the income for local governments. It provides at least a part of the income for all but a few states. It is not used by the federal government.A
42、 sales tax is a tax levied on purchases. Most people living in the United States know about sales taxes since they are used in all but four states. Actually there are several kinds of sales taxes, but only three of them are important. They are general sales taxes, excise taxes, and import taxes.Othe
43、r three closely related taxes are estate, inheritance, and gift taxes. Everything a person owns, including both real and personal property, makes up his or her estate. When someone dies, ownership of his or her property or estate passes on to one or more individuals or organizations. Before the prop
44、- erty is transferred,however,it is subject to an estate tax if its value exceeds a certain amount.（分数：4.00）(1).The reason that the Turkish ruler collected a dining tax is to pay for A. the inconvenience for him to put on and take off clothes. B. the damage that eating did to his teeth. C. his effor
45、ts to cut the food into pieces. D. the decay of his teeth because of sugar.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(2).The government levies different kinds of taxes so that A. the rich have to pay more and the poor less. B. a wider range of taxpayers can be included. C. each of three levels of government could get tax mo
46、ney. D. the burden of taxes falls evenly on everybody. （分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(3).The federal government get most of their income from A. property tax. B. income tax. C. sales tax. D. estate tax. （分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(4).How many states levy import taxes in the U. S. A. ? A. 4 B. 50 C. 46 D. 54 （分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Any form of property is subject to an estat
