1、剑桥商务英语中级-153 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：7.00)AThe need for good managers is not going away. It is intensifying. With “flatter“ organizations and self-directed teams becoming common; with personal computers and networks making information available to more
2、people more quickly; the raw number of managers needed is decreasing. However, the need for good managers, people who can manage themselves and Others in a high-stress environment, is increasing.BI believe anyone can be a good manager. It is as much trainable skill as it is inherent ability; as much
3、 science as art. You have confidence in yourself and your abilities. You are happy with who you are, but you are still learning and getting better. You are something of an extrovert. You dont have to be the life of the party, hut you cant be a wallflower. Management is a people skill-its not the job
4、 for someone who doesnt enjoy people.CYou are honest and straightforward. Your success depends heavily on the trust of others. You are an includer not an excluder. You bring others into what you do. You dont exclude other because they lack certain attributes. You have a presence. Managers must lead.
5、 Effective leaders have a quality about them that makes people notice when they enter a room.DYou are consistent, but not rigid; dependable, but can change your mind. You make decisions, but easily accept input from others. You are a little bit crazy. You think out-of-the box. You try new things and
6、 if they fail, you admit the mistake, but dont apologize for having tried. You are not afraid to “do the math“. You make plans and schedules and work toward them.（分数：7.00）(1).The need for good managers is increasing.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The raw number of managers needed is decreasing.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_
7、3).Being a good manager must enjoy people.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).An effective leader has a quality that makes him/her easily noticed.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Anyone can be a good manager.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).A good manager must let others trust him/her.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).A good manager dares to take some r
8、isks.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A CONDENSED EMPLOYEE LIFE CYCLEAn employee life cycle is the steps the employees go through from the time they enter a company until they leave. Often Human Resources professionals focus their attention on the steps in this process in hopes of making an
9、impact on the companys bottom line. That is a good thing for them to do. Their goal is to reduce the companys cost per employee hired. Employees are one of a companys largest expenses these days. Unlike other major capital costs (buildings, machinery, technology, etc.) human capital is highly volati
10、le. You, as a manager, are in a key position to reduce that volatility using the condensed employee life cycle of HIAR ( pronounced hire)-Hire, Inspire, Admire, Retire.Hire: This first step is probably the most important. It is important to hire the best people you can find. (8) The cost of replacin
11、g a bad hire far exceeds the marginal additional cost of hiring the best person in the first place.Inspire: Once you have recruited the best employees to come to work on your team, the hard part begins. You have to inspire them to perform to their capabilities. (9) That is where you will get their b
12、est effort and their creativity that will help your organization excel.Admire: Once you have hired the best employees and have challenged and motivated them, you can not relax. (10) The same attention you paid to their work assignments, to their satisfaction levels, to their sense of being part of a
13、 great team, needs to continue for as long as they are in your group. As soon as you start to slack off, their satisfaction and motivation decrease. If you dont do something, they will become disenchanted and will leave. They will become part of the “employee turnover“ statistic you were trying to a
14、void.Retire: This is when you know you have been successful. When employees see your company as the employer of choice, they will join you. (11) As long as you continue to inspire, motivate, and challenge them, they will continue to contribute at the high levels you need in order to beat your compet
15、ition. They Will be long-term employees; even staying with you and your company until they retire. (12) You will attract and retain the second and even third generation employees.A This is not a time to be cheap.B When they recognize you as a good boss and a real leader, they will stay around.C To t
16、he extent that you can be a good boss, you can keep employees, keep them happy, and reduce the costs associated with employee turnover.D Their goal is to reduce the companys cost per employee hired.E The biggest mistake a manager can make is to ignore employees.F You have to challenge and motivate t
17、hem.G They will refer other quality employees to your company, including their relatives.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THREE(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Brand-Name Prescription DrugsYoure in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade, prices leaped
18、 by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top 2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans cant afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “0 Canada“. North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name dr
19、ugs cost 50% to 80% less.The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “If our neighbors can buy drugs at reasonable prices, why cant we?“ Even to whisper that thought provokes anger. “Un-American!“ And-the propagandists trump card-“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.“ Super-siz
20、e drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up. Common sense tells you thats a false alternative. The reward for finding. Say, a cancer cure is so huge that no ones going t
21、o hang it up. Nevertheless, if Canada-level pricing came to the United States, the industrys profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should our health-care system continue its drive toward the b
22、est of the best, even though rising numbers of patients cant afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on todays level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course. To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian whole
23、salers and pharmacies not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare. Meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potential threat to lif
24、e.Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more well find. But I havent heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buying cross-border. Most users of prescription drugs dont worry about costs a lot. Theyre sheltered by employee insurance, owin
25、g just a 20 co-pay. The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, wholl have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that st
26、arts in 2006.（分数：6.00）(1).What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U. S?（分数：1.00）A.A quarter of Americans cant afford their prescription drugs.B.Many Americans cant afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.C.Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment.
27、D.The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.(2).It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaring drug prices by _.（分数：1.00）A.encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineB.extending medical insurance to all its citizensC.importing low-price
28、prescription drugs from CanadaD.exercising price control on brand-name drugs(3).How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy?（分数：1.00）A.Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America.B.High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.C.Low prices will bring about
29、 the anger of drug manufacturers.D.High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.(4).What should be the priority of Americas health-care system according to the author?（分数：1.00）A.To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.B.To maintain Americas lead in the drug industry.C.To al
30、low the vast majority to enjoy its benefits,D.To quicken the pace of new drug development.(5).What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits?（分数：1.00）A.Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes.B.Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.C.Reducing supplies t
31、o uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.D.Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs.(6).The passage most probably is _.（分数：1.00）A.an official documentB.a news storyC.an advertisementD.a comment五、PART FOUR(总题数：1，分数：15.00)AdvertisementToo much to read! Its impossible to fin
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38、PART FIVE(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Am I Making Any Money?Correct Most people and most businesses are in business to make a profit. At theOn simplest level, profit means making more money than you spend on. Many34 confuse profit with income. As a result, they cant grasp it why all their income35 isnt getting
39、them ahead; why no one wants to invest in their high-sales36 company; why the bank wont extend to their line of credit. Most people are very37 good at tracking their income. When someone pays for you, that is income.38 Income is usually related to production levels, but is not tied to it directly. Y
40、ou39 may produce more or less than you sell. For instance, if you have already 10040 widgets in the warehouse when you receive an order for 150, you only have to41 produce out 50 additional widgets. If you make widgets for skis, you may make42 20 widgets every month during the summer even though you
41、 dont sell any, just43 so that you have enough in the warehouse when winter arrives. So income is44 something when you actually get paid, not when you make the product you are45 going to sell. Total income is just the total of all your payments received during the year.（分数：12.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
42、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、WRITING(总题数：2，分数：10.00)1.PART ONEYou have received an e-mail from a customer who in the e-mail complained that he had received 100 green colour jackets instead of 50 green and 50 blue colour jackets. In order to solve the problem and
43、find out the facts, you write a short note to the clothing store.Write a short note to Mr. Randy Simon, who is in charge of delivering goods from clothing store.Tell him about the claimMention the date of deliveryAsk for the duplicate invoiceWrite 30-40 words on your Answer Sheet.NOTEDear Mr. Simon,
44、分数：5.00）_2.PART TWOThe diagram below shows the average hours of unpaid work per week done by people in different categories. (Unpaid work refers to childcare, housework, etc.)Describe the information presented below, comparing results for men and women in the categories shown.Write 120-140 words on
45、 a separate sheet.（分数：5.00）_八、LISTENING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)九、PART ONE(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Conversation One(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Telephone MessageTo: Mr. (1) 1From: LucyDate: 21st MayTime: 10:001. Mr. Martin will arrive in Tokyo around 2:30 Tokyo time on (2) 2 afternoon by Flight Pan-Am (3) 32. Mr. Martin has mousta
46、che, tall, dark, (4) 4 hair, wears glasses, sweaters.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、Conversation Two(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Phone Message PadTo: Harry StewartFrom: CathyDate: 23rd MarchTime: 10:201, When you were out of town Bruce (5) _ called. He was from Quick (6) _ Supply Company.2. He wanted to
47、place (7) _ orders with us. You can ring him on (8) _ except Wednesday morning.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十二、Conversation Three(总题数：1，分数：4.00)MessageName of the Customer: John Lee from National (9) 1 Import with personal computers and networks making information available to more people more quickly; the raw number of managers needed is decreasing. However, the need for good
