1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 12647-2:2013Graphic technology Processcontrol for the production ofhalf-tone colour separations,proof and production printsPart 2: Offset lithographic processesBS ISO 12647-2:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 1
2、2647-2:2013.It supersedes BS ISO 12647-2:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PAI/43, Graphic technology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport t
3、o include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 76600 8ICS 37.100.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This
4、 British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 12647-2:2013 ISO 2013Graphic technology Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations, proof and prod
5、uction prints Part 2: Offset lithographic processesTechnologie graphique Matrise des procds pour la fabrication des sparations de couleur en ton tram, des preuves et des tirages en production Partie 2: Procds lithographiques offsetINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO12647-2Third edition2013-12-15Reference numb
6、erISO 12647-2:2013(E)BS ISO 12647-2:2013ISO 12647-2:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, i
7、ncluding photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41
8、 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 12647-2:2013ISO 12647-2:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Requirements 24.1 General . 24.2 Data files and prin
9、ting formes . 24.3 Proof or production print 45 Measurement methods .185.1 Computation of densities, CIELAB colour coordinates and CIELAB colour differences .185.2 Control strip . 18Annex A (informative) Grey reproduction and grey balance .19Annex B (informative) Handling differences in paper colour
10、 .23Bibliography .25BS ISO 12647-2:2013ISO 12647-2:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committee
11、s. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Inter
12、national Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the diff
13、erent types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shal
14、l not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is
15、 information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
16、see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 130, Graphic Technology.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition which has been extensively revised. The revisions include the following:a) deletion of film-based requir
17、ements;b) changes in proof requirements;c) changes in printing conditions;d) changes in the colouration of the primary and secondary solids;e) introduction of new tone value increase curves;f) general clean up.ISO 12647 consists of the following parts, under the general title Graphic technology Proc
18、ess control for the production of half-tone colour separations, proof and production prints: Part 1: Parameters and measurement methods Part 2: Offset lithographic processes Part 3: Coldset offset lithography on newsprint Part 4: Publication gravure printing Part 5: Screen printing Part 6: Flexograp
19、hic printing Part 7: Proofing processes working directly from digital data Part 8: Validation print processes working directly from digital dataiv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 12647-2:2013ISO 12647-2:2013(E)IntroductionThis part of ISO 12647 lists values or sets of values of the primary proces
20、s parameters specified in ISO 12647-1 and related technical properties of a half-tone offset lithographic print. Primary parameters constitute a general printing condition and are defined here as the substrate description, the colorant description, the screening description, the tone value increase
21、and the ink sequence. Since the printing ink to be used in this International Standard is to conform to ISO 2846-1, it is in general not necessary to name it as a primary process parameter.Conformance to the specified values in proof and production printing ensures, in principle, a good visual match
22、 between specimens produced. A visual and in part measurement-wise “proof-to-print match” is essential for globally consistent printing and publishing workflows in general. A press proof print might be necessary when using specific printing conditions that use different types of surface finishing.As
23、 the printing and publishing world has accepted former editions of this International Standard, it has struggled to implement the different paper types. The paper type specifications by means of tristimulus values, originally defined as a guideline for press proof prints, have been wrongly interpret
24、ed as an exclusive prerequisite for papers to be “in conformance with ISO 12647-2”. In addition, it has become evident that the paper types defined by this International Standard reflect market papers poorly. Therefore, some industry groups, while using the general principles of this International S
25、tandard, have established additional printing conditions with different paper specifications.When revising this International Standard a new paper categorization was established. This was necessary since there is no agreed upon method to predict the printing behaviour based on colorimetric readings
26、of the unprinted print substrate. When the visual printing characteristics of typical printed papers were analysed, different sets of colorant descriptions were identified. A closer look revealed that these sets corresponded to the surface (CIE whiteness, gloss, and coating) and mass per area charac
27、teristics (opacity).A print is therefore in conformance with this International Standard when: the colorimetric aims of the process colours, defined by the general printing conditions and using typical means of inking, are achievable; by agreement between all parties, an additional printing conditio
28、n is established and aim values for this printing condition are clearly communicated, for example by exchanging a characterization.This International Standard addresses typical industrial printing under feasible economical constraints. The tolerance values have therefore been chosen to provide a rea
29、sonable balance between customer expectations (meaning small variations), technical production limits and production costs. Assuming agreements between all parties concerned, tolerances might be tightened especially when primary or secondary process parameters (e.g. paper) can be fixed in the planni
30、ng stage. ISO 2013 All rights reserved vBS ISO 12647-2:2013BS ISO 12647-2:2013Graphic technology Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations, proof and production prints Part 2: Offset lithographic processes1 ScopeThis part of ISO 12647 specifies a number of process parameters
31、 and their values to be applied when producing colour separations, printing formes and print production for four-colour sheet-fed and web-fed offset printing presses excluding coldset offset lithography on newsprint.The parameters and values are chosen in view of the typical process covering the pro
32、cess stages “colour separation”, “proof production”, “making of the printing forme”, “OK print” and “production printing” on all kinds of commercially available production substrates.This part of ISO 12647: is directly applicable to press proof prints and printing processes that use colour separatio
33、n printing formes as input; is applicable to press proof prints and printing processes with more than four process colours as long as direct analogies to four-colour printing are maintained, such as for data and screening, for print substrates and printing parameters; is applicable to printing on ca
34、rdboard material for packaging; is applicable for all kinds of drying methods such as heat-set, infrared, and ultraviolet; provides references for quality assurance and quality management.This part of ISO 12647 is not applicable to processes other than offset such as printing directly from digital d
35、ata where there is no intermediate image carrier, or where the image carrier can be refreshed for each impression and thus each impression can be different in content.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are in
36、dispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2846-1, Graphic technology Colour and transparency of printing ink sets for four-colour printing Part 1:
37、 Sheet-fed and heat-set web offset lithographic printingISO 8254-1, Paper and board Measurement of specular gloss Part 1: 75 degree gloss with a converging beam, TAPPI methodISO 8254-2, Paper and board Measurement of specular gloss Part 2: 75 degree gloss with a parallel beam, DIN method alternative
38、 to ASTM D7163ISO/TS 10128, Graphic technology Methods of adjustment of the colour reproduction of a printing system to match a set of characterization dataISO 11475, Paper and board Determination of CIE whiteness, D65/10 degrees (outdoor daylight)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12647-2:2013(E) ISO 2013
39、All rights reserved 1BS ISO 12647-2:2013ISO 12647-2:2013(E)ISO 12647-1, Graphic technology Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations, proof and production prints Part 1: Parameters and measurement methodsISO 12647-7, Graphic technology Process control for the production of h
40、alf-tone colour separations, proof and production prints Part 7: Proofing processes working directly from digital dataISO 13655, Graphic technology Spectral measurement and colorimetric computation for graphic arts imagesASTM D7163, Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss of Printed Matter alternati
41、ve to ISO 8254-23 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12647-1 and the following apply.3.1area coverageratio of the area covered with ink to the entire area in an ink zone3.2calibrationadjustment based on a comparison between a standard and a
42、 unit under test3.3characterization dataset of tone values and associated colorimetric values that fully describe a given printing process3.4tone valueprinting forme percentage of surface area that is covered by printing ink4 Requirements4.1 GeneralDigital data files delivered for printing should be
43、 accompanied by a digital proof print, a press proof print, or an OK print from a previous print run.NOTE Press proof prints are test prints of the data files on a printing press which may serve as a reference for subsequent printing. While most proofs are digital proofs, for colour- or content-crit
44、ical work there is a need for press proof prints with the same setup as the production print.4.2 Data files and printing formes4.2.1 Data deliveryData delivered for printing shall be in the colour formats CMYK or three-component and should be exchanged using PDF/X 67data formats.The intended printin
45、g condition shall be indicated. In case of PDF/X the mechanisms provided by the specified data format shall be used. In case of other data formats a printing condition description, a characterization data set 34or an International Colour Consortium (ICC) output profile 5shall be communicated.If the
46、data are other than CMYK, the data shall be defined by colorimetric descriptions using an ICC profile or another mechanism and an ICC CMYK output profile shall be included. The rendering intent to be used for each data element shall be communicated.If the characterization data or ICC output profile
47、provided conflicts with the printing conditions defined in this part of ISO 12647 one of the methods defined in ISO/TS 10128 shall be used for data adjustment 2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 12647-2:2013ISO 12647-2:2013(E)prior to print production. The aims for process control should be taken f
48、rom characterization data, if agreed between all parties. Where this is done, densitometric tone values are not usually available and colorimetric tone values should be used. Further information on the relationship between colorimetric and densitometric tone values can be found in ISO/TS 10128.NOTE
49、1 A printing condition is defined here as a print substrate description, a colorant description, a screening description, an ink set and a printing sequence.NOTE 2 Quality control of the content of a print job prior to final production checks is recommended since PDF/ X conformance does not necessarily ensure a suitable image resolution or other production dependent criteria.NOTE 3 Additional spot colours are allowed but this part of ISO 12647 does not make provisions for tolerances.4.2.2
