1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟 23及答案解析(总分：-16.98，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1 LISTENING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Spot Dictatio(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)When people feel sick, doctors treat them. So, who treats animals? Veterinarians are 1 . But they also protect human health. Veterinarians are 2 against animal diseases that 3 . Di
2、seases, like some kinds of bird flu, can spread to humans. Others, like 4 , cause economic damage. Some veterinarians in the United States 5 . Some study diseases. Others work for drug companies and medical companies. And about half of all veterinarians care for more than one-hundred-million cats an
3、d dogs that 6 . Becoming a veterinarian is hard work. Students take two years of 7 . They must learn in the classroom about animal biology, diseases, 8 . Then, they attend four years in a college of veterinary medicine. There, students work in laboratories and treatment centers to 9 about animal hea
4、lth. They also learn to 10 . There are twenty-eight schools of veterinary medicine in the United States. 11 study the subjects. Seventy-five percent of the students are women. About two-thousand new veterinarians 12 each year. States give veterinarians 13 to treat animals. A veterinarian must take a
5、 test to receive a license 14 where he or she works. A number of groups help veterinarians. The American Veterinary Medical Association is one of the oldest. It started in eighteen-eighty-nine. The organization 15 that teach veterinary science. The 16 established the National Veterinary Accreditatio
6、n Program in 1921. The program was designed to teach veterinarians how to work with 17 supervising animals raised for food. The program gives veterinarians 18 . Veterinarians have always been important to 19 . They set broken bones, 20 , perform operations and help animals give birth. Many also are
7、involved in the study of diseases that spread among animals. （分数：-1.00）三、Part B Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.About 40% of the American children regard themselves as shy.B.Now one out of two American think of themselves as a shy person.C.About two out
8、of every five people used to be shy people.D.The number of shy people in America is in steady decline.A.Being momentary reticent on a blind date.B.Feeling nervous when asked to give a performance in public without preparation.C.Sweating all over when asked by mom to play piano for relatives.D.Habitu
9、al fear of people in most social occasions.A.Automatic gas fill-ups.B.A touchtone phone system.C.Automatic cashier.D.Computer software.A.The culture featuring competition.B.Electronic revolution replacing people with computer chipsC.People start being challenged and evaluated ever since school.D.The
10、 decreasing number of extended families.A.Because they spend more time at home with family members.B.Because they are addicted to computer games or video games.C.Because they are too busy to pay regular visit to their relatives.D.Because they don“t have the opportunity to see a large family relating
11、 in a natural, easy, friendly way.五、Questions 6 to 10 ar(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.Many people were made homeless by city construction programs.B.Offshore oil drilling facilities were damaged by a strong earthquake.C.A severe earthquake raged the island and caused serious casualties.D.The sea level
12、 of the Indian Ocean has climbed to a dangerous height.A.UN Security Council issued official warning to Iran to halt its nuclear program.B.The announcement of Iranian President was criticized by Britain, Germany, France, and America.C.Iranian President announced that Iran would go on with enrichment
13、 of Uranium on an industrial scale.D.US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice urged the UN Security Council to take out the nuclear issue of Iran again.A.46.5 billion US dollarsB.50 billion US dollarsC.102 billion US dollarsD.2.6 trillion US dollarsA.It wants to ban smoking in indoor public places.B.I
14、t wants to curb second hand smoking.C.It hopes to win a big majority in parliament.D.It hopes to make a proposed smoking ban tougher.A.Detecting and screening out vicious spams.B.Collecting online payment safely.C.Helping companies customize anti-spam software.D.Bypassing any anti-spam device to del
15、iver e-mails directly to people“s inboxes.六、Questions 11 to 15 a(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.They have been accustomed to being obedient to their parents and teachers.B.They naturally do not need instant gratification before starting to do anything.C.They know they must sit down and work hard before
16、making any progress.D.They are repeatedly told by their parents, friends and neighbors to do so.A.The students can solve a given problem but cannot find the problem themselves.B.They have been disciplined to be willing to work and make good grades.C.They are generally too timid and too lacking in im
17、agination to ask questions.D.They are not bold and creative enough to break the widely accepted rules.A.In making children see things immediately and to the point.B.In training children to find the problems themselves.C.In getting children to learn things that require their steady efforts.D.In keepi
18、ng children quiet, determined and not making imaginative jumps.A.Because the latter are less restrained from making imaginative leaps in their study.B.Because American culture is too young for people to have great respect for knowledge in the past.C.Because the American people have less patience for
19、 the boring past knowledge.D.Because most American people have shown an increasingly great respect for learning the things in the past.A.Solely to explain why American kids today are impatient to learn.B.To illustrate in some way that this idea is not correct for education.C.To analyze the fundament
20、al difference between American and Chinese culture.D.To analyze how to become successful in American society.七、Questions 16 to 20 a(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)（分数：-1.00）A.A metropolitan cityB.Seaside beachesC.A mountainous areaD.Beautiful lakesA.Because the English people enjoy comparatively cheap accommodation
21、 there.B.Because a boarding-house can offer bed and breakfast.C.Because the English people would like to experience the different events from the usual hotels or restaurants.D.Because there are whole streets of boarding-houses in most beauty spots.A.Central dining halls.B.Dancing halls.C.Holiday cam
22、ps.D.Swimming poolsA.In the past decade, more and more local people are encouraged to buy the surplus of cottages.B.Thanks to the development of modern transportation, the town people are willing to buy the unwanted cottages.C.The price of these cottages has risen so much that nobody can afford to b
23、uy them.D.Cottage owners often let the houses in winter but sometimes spend the weekends there.A.The British may be said to be conservative, but they are always pioneers in traveling far away.B.Many English men, women and children would like to choose the traveling destinations in the continental Eu
24、rope now.C.Some English people prefer group travels and hotel hooking arranged by travel agency when having an outing.D.The British people devote themselves to sight-seeing when they are away and purchases are of little importance to them.八、SECTION 2 READING TE(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Nobody much likes touris
25、ts. They have a reputation for being loud, rude and disruptive. They are blamed for everything from prostitution to environmental degradation. “They want to have a good time, they are not well informed and want a short “wow“ factor,“ says Xavier Font, professor of tourism management at Britain“s Lee
26、ds Metropolitan University. “Many locals see tourists as stupid.“ Yet tourism may in fact be the true salvation of humankind“s cultural heritage. After all, it“s the main countervailing force to internationalizationthat is, the global blah of TV, T shirts, tract housing, fast-food chains, business s
27、uits, malls and brand names. Internationalization has, in practice, been a process of everyone“s coming to live and act the same; the Japanese gave up their kimonos because they were considered “unmodern“. But tourists are looking for something old and something differentand they“ll pay for it. The
28、effect can be seen across the globe, rescuing traditional cities and cultures from the brink of extinction. Just five years ago the indigenous community of the Cayapas lived in little concrete houses with television sets, having moved from file banks of the Canande River in northwestern Ecuador to s
29、ettle alongside the highway. They had nearly all abandoned the traditional hand-woven garb of their ancestors, and instead donned Nikes. “That“s what progress meant to them,“ says Pedro Armend riz, a tourism and development-planning engineer based in Quito. “It meant wearing tennis shoes and jeans,
30、and having a TV so all the women could watch their soap operas every day.“ Thanks to an influx of tourists, things have recently changed for the Cayapas. With visitors coming in search of community, or ethnic, tourismto eat, work and often even live with the indigenous peoplethe Cayapas are embracin
31、g the nearly forgotten culture of their ancestors. Once again, they are wearing traditional clothes, building old-style homes and using traditional agricultural techniques. “They have become a sustainable community microbusiness, with a preservationist conscience, because they have understood that t
32、heir indigenous roots are what interest tourists,“ says Amend riz. “It makes them value their ancestral culture.“ The situation is similar throughout Latin America, where interest in cultural and ecological tourism has been on the rise in recent years. Tourism to Guatemala, for example, with its May
33、an heritage, lush rain forests and lakes surrounded by volcanoes, has doubled in the past decade to nearly 2 million foreign visitors a year. Their dollars have kept young indigenous women interested in learning the specialized craft of weaving on the Mayans“ backstrap looms, says Alejandrina Silva,
34、 head of the Guatemalan Tourism Ministry“s Cultural Heritage Office. “Indigenous artisanry forms an important part of the Guatemalan touristic product,“ she says. “If this were not the case, such crafts could die off and the younger generations would have to look for new trades that would allow them
35、 to survive.“ Indeed, the souvenir tradeoften maligned for promoting kitschcan almost single-handedly keep fading cultures alive. In the Tatra National Park in Zakopane, in southern Poland, the highlander tradition of making smoked sheep cheesedying out among the younger generationhas earned a new l
36、ease on life thanks to tourists“ desire for unforgettable souvenirs. Highlanders make the cheese, or oscypek, in theft huts, forming it by hand and smoking it over a fire. Visitors feel free to chat with the locals as they watch, have a taste of the cheese and a glass of fresh goat“s milk; most leav
37、e some money. They also snatch up the traditional clothing, wool hats, slippers and jacketsas well as sheep and goat cheeseon sale all over the city. Tourism is not just about preserving old cultures; it can also influence modem ones. Catering to tourist whims provides a quick education for fledglin
38、g entrepreneurs, from the little boys in Angkor Wat pushing postcards, to the people who run small travel agencies, bed-and-breakfasts and coffee shops. Backpackers in particular, who have created their own cities-within-cities such as Khaosan Road in Bangkok, have sparked entrepreneurs to invent en
39、tirely new businesses, including herbal spas, meditation centers and home-stay programs. For developed countries, tourism can help maintain a healthy competitive edge. Consider Japan, which until recently did not feel the need to court foreign travelers, and in the process nearly fell off the touris
40、t map. The country ranks only 30th in the world as a tourist destinationabout the same as Tunisia and Croatia. Without overseas visitors“ clamoring for special services, hotels and inns rarely offer Internet access, ATM and mobile-phone networks won“t link up with the rest of the world, and design a
41、nd amenities at resorts lag behind world standards. Without tourists, modern culture fails to take the next step. Of course, the biggest benefits of tourism may accrue to the tourists themselves. They go home having learned something about societies different from their own. And that, in the end, ma
42、y do more good for the local cultures they visited than any amount of dollars. “When tourists from the Western world go to Third World countries, it increases the locals“ pride in their own culture,“ says Ranjan Bandyopadhyay, a professor of tourism at Britain“s Nottingham University. “Tourism is th
43、e avenue on which we can exchange our cultures and learn from each other. Tourism brings peace.“ Not to mention some really unforgettable smoked sheep-cheese souvenirs.（分数：-1.00）(1).The stereotyped image of tourists is closely related with all of the following factors except _.（分数：-0.20）A.being loud
44、, rude and disruptive.B.saving humankind“s cultural heritage.C.prostitution.D.environmental degradation.(2).Why does the author mention the community of the Cayapas in Paragraph 3 and 4?（分数：-0.20）A.To cite an example of how ancient cultures have integrated with modem society.B.To show how significan
45、t progress local people have made in their standard of living.C.To denounce tourists for their vandalism and damage onto the local culture.D.To demonstrate how tourism has helped preserve the indigenous culture.(3).Which of the following statements best summarizes the author“s attitude towards the s
46、ouvenir trade ?（分数：-0.20）A.The souvenir trade serves no other purpose than promoting kitsch.B.The souvenir trade should not be maligned.C.The souvenir trade helps preserve old cultures.D.The souvenir trade helps boost the development of local economy.(4).Why does the author mention that Japan “ranks
47、 only 30th in the world as a tourist destination about the same as Tunisia and Croatia“ in Paragraph 8?（分数：-0.20）A.To prove that Tunisia and Croatia maintain a healthy competitive edge.B.To criticize Japan for not courting foreign travelers.C.To prove that the standard of living in Japan lags behind
48、 world standards.D.To prove that tourism plays an important role in maintaining a country“s competitive edge.(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a benefit of tourism?（分数：-0.20）A.Tourism may help local governments educate and train more qualified service providers.B.Tourism
49、prompts entrepreneurs to provide new products and services to cater to the needs of tourists.C.Tourism helps local people better preserve their cultural heritage.D.Tourists can learn something about societies different from their own.There has been much hullabaloo about corporate accounting scams in America, yet perhaps the biggest accounting oversight of all time remains hidden in governments“ own national figures. GDP per head is the most commonly used measure of a country“s success, yet it is badly flawed as a guide to a nation“s economic well-being. A new study in the OECD
