1、专业八级-793 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview.（分数：5.00）(1).The interviewees first job was with _.（分数：1.00）A.a
2、 newspaperB.the governmentC.a construction firmD.a private company(2).The interviewee is not self-employed mainly because _.（分数：1.00）A.his wife likes him to work for a firmB.he prefers working for the governmentC.self-employed work is very demandingD.self-employed work is sometimes insecure(3).To st
3、udy architecture in a university one must _.（分数：1.00）A.be interested in artsB.study pure science firstC.get good exam resultsD.be good at drawing(4).On the subject of drawing the interviewee says that _.（分数：1.00）A.technically speaking artists draw very wellB.an artists drawing differs little from an
4、 architectsC.precision is a vital skill for the architectD.architects must be natural artists(5).The interviewee says that the job of an architect is _.（分数：1.00）A.more theoretical than practicalB.to produce sturdy, well-designed buildingsC.more practical than theoreticalD.to produce attractive, inte
5、resting buildings四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 7 and 8 are based on the. following news.（分数：2.00）(1).According to the news, which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Former President of Russia Yeltsin died of a heart attack at 76.B.Bill Clinton and his wife are expected to atten
6、d on behalf of the United States.C.Ordinary Russians can pay their last respects to Mr. Yeltsin.D.Putin declared Wednesday a national day of mourning across Russi(2).Why have Russias media painted a mostly positive spin on Yeltsins life?（分数：1.00）A.To praise the political and economic freedoms he int
7、roduced.B.To praise his efforts to the countys economy.C.To remember his devotion to the countrys political development.D.To remember his work to the countrys common workers.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news.（分数：2.00）(1).According to Bush, The United States will help African nations
8、 strengthen their _.（分数：1.00）A.stock marketsB.motor industryC.financial marketsD.medicine factories(2).U.S. President urged the U.S. Congress to play a key role in the fight against _ in Afric（分数：1.00）A.A. starvationB. AIDSC. discriminationD. unemployment1.Question 6 is based on the following news.H
9、ow many times has the House voted for a specific withdrawal target date up to now?（分数：1.00）A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The music industry, hurt by a decline in CD sales and the continued free swapping of files on the Internet, took the drastic
10、 action last week filing more than 250 lawsuits against consumers. But whatever catharsis record executives and their lawyers may feel, the courts cannot solve the music industrys fundamental problem. Nor does the answer lie in getting people to pay for each music file they download from the Interne
11、t.Instead of clinging to late-20th-century distribution technologies, like the digital disk and the downloaded file, the music business should move into the 21st century with a revamped business model using innovative technology, several industrys experts say. They want the music industry to do unto
12、 the file-swapping services what the services did Unto the music companies-eclipse them with better technology and superior customer convenience.Their vision might be called “everywhere Internet audio“. Music fans instead of downloading files on KaZaA-whether they were using computers, home stereos,
13、 radios or handheld devices-would have access to all music the record companies hold in their vaults. Listeners could request that any song be immediately streamed to them via the Internet.If consumers could do this, the argument goes, they would have no interest in amassing thousands of songs on th
14、eir hard drives. There would be no “theft“ of music, because no one would bother to take possession of the song. To clinch music fans loyalty to the new system, and make them willing to pay for it, the music companies and the supporting industry would need to provide attractively priced, easy-to-use
15、 services to give consumers full access to the hundreds of thousands of songs available to them. Consumers could still ask for song titles or artists, as they do now on KaZaA. But they could also, for example request rock “n“ roll tunes like Hat that appeared for more than three weeks in Billboards
16、Top 10 during the 1960s. Or they could ask for early 1990s guitarists that sound like Eric Clapton, or new artists similar in style to Alanis Morissette.Requests could be intricate, like asking for music subsequently recorded by the original members of the Lovins Spoonful. Or they could be simple, l
17、ike requesting light jazz for dinner-party background music. The system would be interactive and could learn each users tastes. As listeners voted thumbs up or down to tunes (should they choose to), the service would amend their personal libraries accordingly.If it worked, it would be as if we each
18、had our own private satellite radio channels-customizable collection of tunes for hundreds of millions of audiences of one. It is a compelling business model, and the current music companies, as the owners of the content, could be at the fore of the system.A tiny taste of such an approach is availab
19、le on Internet radio networks like . On such services, listeners can essentially customize a radio station to their individual tastes. But crucial to the future of everywhere Internet audio, many believe, lies in widespread wireless Internet access, because wireless means portability. “Wireless give
20、s the record companies a chance to do it all over again, and this time get it right,“ said Jim Griffin, the former head Of technology at Geffen Records and now the chief executive of the music publisher Cherry Lane Digital. Mr. Griffin is also a founder of pholist.org, home of an active online discu
21、ssion of musics future on the Internet.Many of the brightest industry insiders, academies, lawyers, musicians, industry critics, broadcasters and venture capitalists assemble at pholist.org daily to debate the music business beyond downloading. Many say wireless holds the key. Myriad portable device
22、s already offer Internet access. Some, like the BlackBerry, maintain an always-on wireless Internet connection. Some business-oriented devices, like the Palm Tungsten, now play high-fidelity music in the MP3 format. Newer cellphones also offer MP3 functions, and include extra features like digital c
23、ameras and FM radios.The seers once thought portable devices would connect to the Internet via cellphone technology. But it now appears that Hi-Fi hotspots-wireless Internet access hubs-may eventually provide blanket coverage in urban areas and became the dominant means of connection. But there are
24、big obstacles to overcome. To make “everywhere Internet audio“ profitable, the music industry must develop a system to collect money from users and divide it fairly among performers, song-writers and others involved in creating music. How this would work is already causing hot debate. Mr. Griffin an
25、d many others in the pholist.org discussion advocate an Internet fee that would create a revenue pool to be distributed according to song popularity. Current recording industry sales in the United States work out to about $2.50 a month per person.As CDs sales declined, a digital musical surcharge, o
26、r something similar, could be assessed by Internet providers. At regular intervals, the industry could sample what music is being streamed to users, to determine the distribution of money to the responsible parties. By using sampling, as opposed to detailed census techniques, listeners would not hav
27、e to worry about invasions of their privacy. This idea would turn the recording industrys business model upside down. Institutions are genetically averse to massive change. But the payoff could be huge. Right now, for example, the industry incurs large costs from its CD distribution model. The indus
28、try also has many intermediaries, including distributors and promoters. To take a band from obscurity to popularity is expensive, but that is what music labels must do if they want shelf space at the record store. Recording companies are in constant quest of superstars, because fewer than 10 percent
29、 of CDs released make a profit. Revenues generated by the best sellers must try to cover the losses incurred by less popular releases.In this context, the Internet could be a godsend to musicians as well. It can distribute a digital copy of a song to a few or to millions of listeners with virtually
30、no cost difference. Music companies would have more incentive to nurture minor artists. As a society and culture, many argue, we would be much better served by such an approach.Market forces alone would not produce such a system. It would take enormous industry cooperation, which could only occur wi
31、th government approval, lest it be deemed a violation of antitrust laws. The need for cooperation and leadership is clear. Children should not wind up in court because they are fanatical about their favorite pop stars. If the music industry devised an affordable, equitable, and convenient alternativ
32、e to file sharing, the fans would come, money in hand.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, music industry should _.（分数：1.00）A.continue free swapping of files on the InternetB.continue to use late-20th-century distribution technologiesC.use more advanced technology and provide convenience to custom
33、ersD.bring lawsuits against consumers for the music files they download from the Internet(2).It is suggested that to make fans willing to pay for the music they get from the internet, the music companies and the related industry should do the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.give them full access to th
34、e music they likeB.provide acceptable pricesC.satisfy their needs immediatelyD.permit them to possess the music in their own way(3)._ has tried such an approach as “everywhere Internet audio“.（分数：1.00）A.KaZaABC.pholist.orgD.BlackBerry(4).Which of the following statements best explains “wireless hold
35、s the key“?（分数：1.00）A.Wireless Internet access is crucial to the development of music industry.B.Wireless telephone should be used universally.C.Wireless Internet connection is applicable without question.D.Wireless Internet connection will be the most profitable means of connection.(5).It can be in
36、ferred from the passage that _.（分数：1.00）A.CD sales are on the increaseB.for big profits music companies would not employ minor artists if they use “everywhere Internet audio“ systemC.many people assemble at pholist.org daily only to discuss downloading music on InternetD.the new system is applicable
37、 with government approval and industry cooperation七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)If there was one thing Americans had a right to expect from Congress, it was a federal plan to help the elderly pay for prescription drugs. It is a promise that has been made again and again-in particularly high decibels during
38、 the last presidential election. The House and Senate have passed bills, and although both are flawed, this page has urged Congress to finish work on them as a first step toward fulfilling this longstanding commitment.Unfortunately, things have changed. The government cannot afford the program now.
39、That is the fault of President Bush and the Republican majorities in the House and Senate. They broke the bank with their enormous tax cuts. The country is facing the largest budget deficit in history, and there is no realistic plan for getting it under control. The limited version of a prescription
40、 drug benefit now being considered in Congress would cost about $400 billion over 10 years.Older Americans had a right to expect that help, but they do not have a right to demand it, not when it would be financed by borrowing, with the bills to be paid by their grandchildren.Mr. Bush, a specialist i
41、n pain avoidance, told people that they could have the programs they wanted prescription drugs for the elderly, better schools for children along with modest tax cuts for the middle class and whoppers for the wealthy. When 9/11 occurred, the president simply added the war on terror, and then the war
42、 on Saddam Hussein, to the list. For all his talk about fiscal conservatism, Mr. Bush has never vetoed a spending bill, even the obscene $ 180 billion farm subsidy program. To pay for it all, he simply increased the deficit.Deficits in and of themselves are not necessarily a problem, but the current
43、 one is frightening for two reasons. One is its size: projected at well above $500 billion for next year, and approaching 5 percent of the gross domestic product. The Other is its permanence. Cutting taxes temporarily to fight the recession made sense, but the Bush tax cuts are meant to be permanent
44、 even though Congress gave most of them a phony 10- year expiration date in an attempt to mask their effect.Dropping the proposal is, of course, just what a large chunk of the Republican Party was hoping for all along. For those Republicans, deficits are a useful tool to beat back popular entitlemen
45、t programs-a “starve the beast“ strategy, in the words of Ronald Reagans budget director. Democrats in Congress, meanwhile, rail against the deficit, but they are still pushing for the prescription drug plan. Like the tax-cutters, they are simply building up to some sort of financial Armageddon like
46、 soaring interest rates or a collapsing dollar and hoping that blame will fall on the other party.Our answer is different. The people have to decide whether they want tax cuts or programs like the prescription drug plan. Its true that the tax-cut radicals will win this round. But then we will have a
47、n election.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following statements is NOT true about paying for the prescription drugs?（分数：1.00）A.It is a federal plan that older Americans have expected for long.B.The plan was mentioned over and over in the last presidential election.C.The Democrats are opposed to the progra
48、m.D.The government has promised to fulfill the program.(2).How much will the prescription drug benefit cost per year?（分数：1.00）A.$40 billion.B.$180 billion.C.$400 billion.D.$500 billion.(3).What is the purpose of cutting taxes temporarily?（分数：1.00）A.To fulfill the farm subsidy program.B.To fight the
49、recession.C.To levy the war on terror and the war on Saddam Hussein.dD.To fulfill the prescription drugs program.(4).According to the passage, _ will be the victim of the tax-cut.（分数：1.00）A.President BushB.the RepublicanC.the DemocratsD.elderly Americans(5).The authors attitude toward President Bush is _.（分数
