1、专业八级-1049 及答案解析(总分：89.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to yo
2、ur notes.Introduction to English Synonyms. The reason for the (1) of English languageBy constantly incorporating words from other languages through centuries. The gradual incorporation of English words1) Before 1066: Anglo-Saxon words2) After 1066: words were borrowed from French, connected with foo
3、d, clothing, law, (2) and organization, etc.3) In the Renaissance: a great influx of words of (3) origin4) In modem times: the vocabulary were expanded by peoples (4) 5) (5) vastly added to English vocabulary, e.g. jeep, railroad, fall, gasoline etc.PART GENERAL KNOWLEDGE1) synonyms from (6) but ref
4、erring to the same thing, e.g. foreword, preface, introduction2) synonyms referring to (7) of the same kind of thing, e.g. plain, prairie, tundra3) synonyms having different degree of (8) , e.g. teach, educate, instruct, school, tutor4) synonyms implying different (9) among the participants, e.g. ac
5、company, escort, attend5) synonyms having different degree of formality, e.g. luncheon vs lunch, go to bed vs hit the sack. ConclusionCorrect choice of words is very important to the (10) expression.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：
6、5.00)(1).Which of the following statements is TRUE about the research Dr. Smith and his colleagues have been doing?A. They try to help cancer patients overcome fright.B. They help doctors become sensitive to patients feelings.C. They have been doing the research for five years.D. There are totally f
7、ive of them in the research program.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does Dr. Smith think about doctors ability to communicate bad news?A. Some of the doctors are born with the ability.B. Most doctors can develop the ability naturally by i0teracting with patients.C. Some doctors dont deem this ability impo
8、rtant.D. Doctors can acquire the ability over time by following good models and practicing.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to Dr. Smith, doctors had better _ if his cancer has come back.A. ask the patient about his expectation firstB. ask the patient about his past experience with cancer firstC. tell
9、 the patient directlyD. tell the patient everythings OK（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following should NOT doctors do when telling the bad news?A. To use the patients language. B. To be direct and concrete.C. To distance themselves from the patient. D. To show empathy for the patient.（分数：1.00）A.B
10、.C.D.(5).Dr. Smiths motivation to do the research comes from _.A. his experience with many cancer patients B. his mothers deathC. his conversation with a senior physician D. his experience as an oncology trainee（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：4，分数：6.00)1.Exchange students must have the following qu
11、alifications EXCEPTA. over 11/12 years of education. B. speaking English well.C. a good record in school. D. being 15 to 18 years old.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).US newspapers from one end of the nation to the other reacted with _ to the bombing of Olympic Centennial Park in Atlanta.A. shock B. horror C. a
12、nger D. all of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The explosion claimed _ lives and injured _ people early morning.A. six, more than 100 B. two, more than 200C. two, more than 100 D. six, more than 200（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).Which of the following is not the reason for the English couples divorce?A. Mrs. Tu
13、rner moved the furniture for 38 years.B. Mr. Turner could not bear her.C. Mr. Turner had committed adultery since January.D. Mrs. Turner refused to stop the moving of furniture.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why did the couple moved from the matrimonial home into a caravan with some of the furniture fixed to
14、the floor?A. They hoped it could cure Mrs. Turner s illness. B. They were tired of old environment.C. They hoped the obsession would stop. D. They wanted to lead a new life.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.What is the main cause of suspending test flights of the 787 Dreamliner?A. There proved to be some deficienc
15、ies with its engines.B. There was a plane crash during its landing in a test flight.C. An incident took place before its landing in a test flight.D. The companys share price plunged.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：4.00)An assumption is something taken for grante
16、d. Everyone makes assumptions-you have to in order to say anything. As a critical reader, you need to determine what the assumption is and then decide whether you agree or disagree with the assumption. Once you decide, your attitude toward the argument will change. Careful, honest writers know what
17、their assumptions are and lay the most important ones out for all to judge. Hidden assumptions may be all right for humor or fairly harmless in topical journalism, but they can be dangerous in serious written argument. Important assumptions should be explicit and detailed, for then the reader can ju
18、dge their validity. If you do not agree with a writers assumptions, then you will never agree with his/her arguments,As indicated above, an assumption is a belief that we take for granted as a basis for an assertion, All kinds of statements rely on assumptions-questions, commands, promises, and asse
19、rtions. The simple command “Pass the salt“ is based on several assumptions, including that the salt can be passed, that you can pass it, and that I have the right to ask you to pass it. Some assumptions are unexpressed. We would be the joke of the neighbourhood if we went around articulating our ass
20、umptions every time we asked someone to pass the salt. We get into trouble, however, when we fail to recognize important assumptions that subtly guide our thoughts. Sophocles said, “Reason is Gods crowning gift to man.“ A statement like this seems innocent enough. When we think about it, we easily r
21、ecognize that he was basing the statement on two major assumptions: (1) that man has a mind, and (2) that God exists. Hidden in the statement, however, are some subtle assumptions that we may or may not support, including; (1) God is a personal force capable of making a gift; (2) reason is a more im
22、portant gift than heart, soul, or body; and (3) womans mind is not a gift of God. Once we articulate these assumptions, we might disagree. (339)（分数：4.00）(1).According to this passage, an assumption is _.A. something that everyone knowsB. the idea the writer wants to emphasizeC. the readers knowledge
23、 about the topicD. foundation of the writers reasoning（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Assumptions are important for critical readers because they can help readers to _.A. grasp the topic exactlyB. understand the argument passage exactlyC. evaluate the argument passageD. compare the argument passage with simila
24、r argument passages（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The authors attitude toward Sophocless statement is _.A. positive B. negativeC. neutral D. not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What can we infer from the passage?A. A good writer should clearly state all his assumptions.B. Once we find assumptions, we will find
25、the writers problems.C. We need not clearly express our assumptions in oral communication.D. Major assumptions are important for both the writer and the reader.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：2，分数：7.00)Unlike the situation with hurricanes, tornadoes, or floods, there are no storm clouds or rising rive
26、r levels to foretell an earthquake. Because they hit without advance warning, earthquakes are particularly terrifying. When earthquakes strike, they can cause massive human casualties and large amounts of damage. The January 1994 earthquake in Northridge, California, killed 57 people and injured alm
27、ost 12,000 others while causing more than $ 25 billion in damages. But these numbers pale in comparison to what happened in Kobe, Japan, one year later. The Great Hanshin Earthquake there killed more than 5,000 people, left more than 300,000 homeless, and resulted in more than $ 300 billion in damag
28、es.Because earthquakes have the potential to greatly impact society, the US government embarked on an ambitious programme in the 1970s to develop methods for predicting earthquakes. The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Programme sought to develop technologies that would allow for earthquake pre
29、diction on time scales of hours to days. Such predictions would not necessarily lead to reduced damage, but the hope was that they could reduce injuries and the loss of life suffered in a large quake. Scientists were optimistic in the beginning, in part due to a number of apparent successes in antic
30、ipating some earthquakes in the United States and China. However, earthquake prediction has proved more difficult than expected.One method of earthquake prediction involves studying the geologic history and noting when previous quakes have occurred. One study of a particular segment of the San Andre
31、as Fault near Parkfield, California, noted that it had experienced four earthquakes over the previous 100 years at intervals of roughly 22 years. Based on this information, scientists predicted in 1984 that the area had a 95 percent likelihood of experiencing a moderate earthquake sometime between 1
32、985 and 1993. As part of the Parkfield experiment, steps were taken to prepare for the expected event, including the development of warning strategies and studies of public response.Through November 1998, however, no earthquake had occurred in Parkfield, leading many people to conclude that the expe
33、riment had been a failure. Joanne Nigg, a sociologist who has studied the Parkfield experiment, concluded that the project was at least somewhat successful in forging links between scientific procedures and policy concerns. Much was learned about publicly issuing earthquake predictions; in particula
34、r, that earthquake predictions themselves have important impacts on society. If an earthquake does occur in Parkfield, scientists will be prepared with a dense network of scientific instruments to record the quake and improve knowledge about how and why earthquakes occur.From the perspective of the
35、late 1990s, it is evident that expecting timely and accurate earthquake predictions was too ambitious. In the mid-1980s the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Programme reported to the US Congress that earthquake prediction was more problematic than had been anticipated. Today scientists are more
36、 focused on developing improved estimates of long-term earthquake probabilities, measured in decades or centuries.The programme is also working on early warning systems that detect ground motion after an earthquake has started. This information can be used to warn people farther from the epicenter (
37、the point where the earthquake originates). The goal is to create early warning systems to notify people that a large earthquake has begun, from a few seconds to minutes in advance. This warning could allow some useful actions, such as shutting down or backing up systems in a nuclear power plant. In
38、 the early 1990s this type of warning system provided Mexico City about 75 seconds of notice that an earthquake had occurred off the coast.（分数：3.00）(1).The ambitious Parkfield programme was successful at least in one of the following aspects:A. Scientists will be fully prepared with equipment to col
39、lect more information if an earthquake occurs.B. It enabled scientists to predict an impending earthquake on time scales of hours to days.C. A moderate earthquake did occur in the region sometime between 1985 and 1993 just as predicted.D. People in the Parkfield region were less panic but more prepa
40、red for any coming earthquakes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).After the Parkfield programme, experts concluded that earthquake prediction in terms of days and years wasA. chancy. B. hopeful. C. unrealistic. D. difficult.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The early warning systems developed in the 1990s are used toA. improv
41、e estimates of long-term earthquake probabilities.B. tell people in the epicenter when the earthquake will come.C. allow evacuation from the region that the earthquake will hit.D. prepare people for earthquakes several minutes in advance.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.As environmental protection becomes a global
42、issue, a new term“ Green EFL“ is working its way into our vocabulary.What does it mean? The Project in the English Country School in southern England gives you some idea and shows how environment protection and language teaching can be combined together.In this school, there are projects on the clas
43、sification of trees and their leaves, on insects and other invertebrates, pond and river life, flowers and hedgerows. There are air pollution surveys, litter surveys, recycling projects, acid rain surveys, farm visits, countryside walks, sculptures and collages created from natural materials.It is a
44、ll backed up in the classroom with EFL materials about the environment-the rain forests, biological diversity, global warming-and with materials which concentrate on the students immediate environment under the general heading of “Health“: smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, diet and exercise.For examp
45、le, the topic of pollution will involve the students searching the local environment to find out what has been thrown away. This is then classified according to the type of material found and whether it is recyclable or not.The students follow instructions to set up simple experiments to detect air
46、and water pollution. They investigate mosses and lichens, looking up their findings in field guides, to determine the number and quality of species. They compare and collate their findings, producing diagrams, writing up their results and drawing conclusions. They then practise language work on topi
47、cs such as the Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming.How do the students benefit from this? In common with all project work, learner autonomy, co-operation and motivation is fostered. The language practice takes place in a natural and enjoyable setting. As a result the students develop an appreciatio
48、n of and an alertness and sensitivity toward their surroundings.Another advantage of Green EFL is that the environment is a global issue: What happens in one country affects what happens in another. The environment thus spans borders and cultures. We can teach the language, English, through the envi
49、ronment, without teaching “Englishness“, or “Americanness,“ or whatever other cultural values we might accidentally or deliberately put across to our students.Finally, through an understanding of the global environment, and the issues which affect it, students will be better able to meet challenges in the future.For the teacher interested in teaching Engl
