1、专业八级模拟602及答案解析 (总分：160.50，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Resolving Conflict in a Multicultural Environment. Definition of culture Culture is a group which shapes a persons 1 Cultural identities originate from race, 2 , gender, etc. . Cultural assum
2、ptions Cause of cultural conflicts: differences in values and 3 Example A: Women wrote excellent proposal but they failed in interview part They preferred to have 4 before being questioned Example B: A city in Alaska celebrated 200th year of fur Russian trader Native Indian tribe was offended The ac
3、tivity implied there was no 5 before . Identifying cultural conflicts Three dimensions of cultural conflicts A. content B. 6 issues C. clash of values Three signs of identifying conflicts complex combinations of 7 about behaviors If the previous two dimensions do not resolve the conflict, then cultu
4、ral differences are the root cause 8 still causes conflict and emotion . Resolving cultural conflicts Resolution 1: 9 the cultural dimension acknowledgment that the conflict contains a cultural dimension all sides are 10 to deal with all conflict dimensions systematic phased work is needed Four phas
5、es: A. 11 of each others B. Understand cultural perception of both sides C. Know how problems are handled 12 D. Develop conflict solutions Resolution 2: Learning about other cultures Knowledge could be obtained from training programs, reading, talking and 13 Acquiring a broad knowledge of 14 , not s
6、tereotyping Resolution 3: Altering practices and procedures in the organizations 15 change is necessary to make system culturally sensitive （分数：30.00）三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.25-2,000 milligramsB.60-2,000 milligramsC.75-2,000 milligramsD.80-2,000 milligramsA.It is satisfying.
7、B.It is not essential.C.It is too much.D.It is barely enough.A.Dairy products like soymilk and yogurt.B.Green, white and black teas.C.Mushrooms.D.Fruits like orange containing Vitamin C.A.To prevent the formation of plaque.B.To make your breath fresh.C.To improve your tooth enamel.D.To prevent tooth
8、 cavity.A.The way to keep a shining smile.B.The effects of foods on teeth.C.The tips to clean teeth.D.The advice on dental treatment.（分数：20.00）A.Writing a vacation memo.B.Writing to the former renters.C.Making a contract before sending money.D.Using credit card to make an order.A.Subjective.B.Suppor
9、tive.C.Regretful.D.Indifferent.A.They can get extra place for private talk.B.They can get extra place for playing.C.They can avoid disturbing neighbors.D.They can maintain some daily routine at home.A.Florida.B.Hawaii.C.Chicago.D.Mexico.A.The trend of renting a house for vacation.B.The advantages of
10、 living in a hotel.C.The accommodation condition during a trip.D.The dos and donts about lodging during vacation.四、PART READING COMPR(总题数：1，分数：33.00)SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice q
11、uestion, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. PASSAGE ONE (1) Three nights later old Major died peacefully in his sleep. His body was buried at the foot of the orchard. (2) This was early in March. During the next three months there
12、 was much secret activity. Majors speech had given to the more intelligent animals on the farm a completely new outlook on life. They did not know when the Rebellion predicted by Major would take place, they had no reason for thinking that it would be within their own lifetime, but they saw clearly
13、that it was their duty to prepare for it. The work of teaching and organizing the others fell naturally upon the pigs, who were generally recognized as being the cleverest of the animals. Preeminent among the pigs were two young boars named Snowball and Napoleon, whom Mr. Jones was breeding up for s
14、ale. Napoleon was a large, rather fierce-looking Berkshire boar, the only Berkshire on the farm, not much of a talker, but with a reputation for getting his own way. Snowball was a more vivacious pig than Napoleon, quicker in speech and more inventive, but was not considered to have the same depth o
15、f character. All the other male pigs on the farm were porkers. The best known among them was a small fat pig named Squealer, with very round cheeks, twinkling eyes, nimble movements, and a shrill voice. He was a brilliant talker, and when he was arguing some difficult point he had a way of skipping
16、from side to side and whisking his tail which was somehow very persuasive. The others said of Squealer that he could turn black into white. (3) These three had elaborated old Majors teachings into a complete system of thought, to which they gave the name of Animalism. Several nights a week, after Mr
17、. Jones was asleep, they held secret meetings in the barn and expounded the principles of Animalism to the others. At the beginning they met with much stupidity and apathy. Some of the animals talked of the duty of loyalty to Mr. Jones, whom they referred to as Master, or made elementary remarks suc
18、h as Mr. Jones feeds us. If he were gone, we should starve to death. Others asked such questions as Why should we care what happens after we are dead? or If this Rebellion is to happen anyway, what difference does it make whether we work for it or not?, and the pigs had great difficulty in making th
19、em see that this was contrary to the spirit of Animalism. The stupidest questions of all were asked by Mollie, the white mare. The very first question she asked Snowball was: Will there still be sugar after the Rebellion? (4) No, said Snowball firmly. We have no means of making sugar on this farm. B
20、esides, you do not need sugar. You will have all the oats and hay you want. (5) And shall I still be allowed to wear ribbons in my mane? asked Mollie. (6) Comrade, said Snowball, those ribbons that you are so devoted to are the badge of slavery. Can you not understand that liberty is worth more than
21、 ribbons? (7) Mollie agreed, but she did not sound very convinced. (8) The pigs had an even harder struggle to counteract the lies put about by Moses, the tame raven. Moses, who was Mr. Joness especial pet, was a spy and a tale-bearer, but he was also a clever talker. He claimed to know of the exist
22、ence of a mysterious country called Sugarcandy Mountain, to which all animals went when they died. It was situated somewhere up in the sky, a little distance beyond the clouds, Moses said. In Sugarcandy Mountain it was Sunday seven days a week, clover was in season all the year round, and lump sugar
23、 and linseed cake grew on the hedges. The animals hated Moses because he told tales and did no work, but some of them believed in Sugarcandy Mountain, and the pigs had to argue very hard to persuade them that there was no such place. (9) Their most faithful disciples were the two cart-horses, Boxer
24、and Clover. These two had great difficulty in thinking anything out for themselves, but having once accepted the pigs as their teachers, they absorbed everything that they were told, and passed it on to the other animals by simple arguments. They were unfailing in their attendance at the secret meet
25、ings in the barn, and led the singing of Beasts of England, with which the meetings always ended. (10) Now, as it turned out, the Rebellion was achieved much earlier and more easily than anyone had expected. In past years Mr. Jones, although a hard master, had been a capable farmer, but of late he h
26、ad fallen on evil days. He had become much disheartened after losing money in a lawsuit, and had taken to drinking more than was good for him. For whole days at a time he would lounge in his Windsor chair in the kitchen, reading the newspapers, drinking, and occasionally feeding Moses on crusts of b
27、read soaked in beer. His men were idle and dishonest, the fields were full of weeds, the buildings wanted roofing, the hedges were neglected, and the animals were underfed. (11) June came and the hay was almost ready for cutting. On Midsummers Eve, which was a Saturday, Mr. Jones went into Willingdo
28、n and got so drunk at the Red Lion that he did not come back till midday on Sunday. The men had milked the cows in the early morning and then had gone out rabbiting, without bothering to feed the animals. When Mr. Jones got back he immediately went to sleep on the drawing-room sofa with the News of
29、the World over his face, so that when evening came, the animals were still unfed. At last they could stand it no longer. One of the cows broke in the door of the store-shed with her horn and all the animals began to help themselves from the bins. It was just then that Mr. Jones woke up. The next mom
30、ent he and his four men were in the store-shed with whips in their hands, lashing out in all directions. This was more than the hungry animals could bear. With one accord, though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand, they flung themselves upon their tormentors. Jones and his men suddenly
31、found themselves being butted and kicked from all sides. The situation was quite out of their control. They had never seen animals behave like this before, and this sudden uprising of creatures whom they were used to thrashing and maltreating just as they chose, frightened them almost out of their w
32、its. After only a moment or two they gave up trying to defend themselves and took to their heels. A minute later all five of them were in full flight down the cart-track that led to the main road, with the animals pursuing them in triumph. (12) Mrs. Jones looked out of the bedroom window, saw what w
33、as happening, hurriedly flung a few possessions into a carpet bag, and slipped out of the farm by another way. Moses sprang off his perch and flapped after her, croaking loudly. Meanwhile the animals had chased Jones and his men out on to the road and slammed the five-barred gate behind them. And so
34、, almost before they knew what was happening, the Rebellion had been successfully carried through: Jones was expelled, and the Manor Farm was theirs. (13) The Commandments were written on the tarred wall in great white letters that could be read thirty yards away. They ran thus: THE SEVEN COMMANDMEN
35、TS 1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. 2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend. 3. No animal shall wear clothes. 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed. 5. No animal shall drink alcohol. 6. No animal shall kill any other animal. 7. All animals are equal. (14) It was very neatly
36、 written, and except that friend was written freind and one of the Ss was the wrong way round, the spelling was correct all the way through. Snowball read it aloud for the benefit of the others. All the animals nodded in complete agreement, and the cleverer ones at once began to learn the Commandmen
37、ts by heart. (15) Now, comrades, cried Snowball, throwing down the paint-brush, to the hayfield! Let us make it a point of honor to get in the harvest more quickly than Jones and his men could do. (16) But at this moment the three cows, who had seemed uneasy for some time past, set up a loud lowing.
38、 They had not been milked for twenty-four hours, and their udders were almost bursting. After a little thought, the pigs sent for buckets and milked the cows fairly successfully, their trotters being well adapted to this task. Soon there were five buckets of frothing creamy milk at which many of the
39、 animals looked with considerable interest. (17) What is going to happen to all that milk? said someone. (18) Jones used sometimes to mix some of it in our mash, said one of the hens. (19) Never mind the milk, comrades! cried Napoleon, placing himself in front of the buckets. That will be attended t
40、o. The harvest is more important. Comrade Snowball will lead the way. I shall follow in a few minutes. Forward, comrades! The hay is waiting. (20) So the animals trooped down to the hayfield to begin the harvest, and when they came back in the evening it was noticed that the milk had disappeared. PA
41、SSAGE TWO (1) The Hispanic Population in the United States originated from many different countries, but Mexico is the most important country of origin. Mexican American is so far the largest and the oldest Hispanic ethnic group. Mexican-origin Hispanics can trace their roots in the United States as
42、 far back as the 1500s, when the Spanish colonized much of North America and contributed to the establishment of a new race of Peoplenamely mestizos. In legal terms, the foundation of Mexican citizenship in the United States officially began with U. S. acquisition of Mexican territory as the fruit o
43、f Mexican-American war in 1848. Under the terms of the Treaty of GuadaluPe-Hidalgo, Mexico ceded the lands of the southwest to the United States, including California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, Wyoming and the west part of Kansas and Colorado. (2) Subsequent generations of Mexicans entered
44、the United States as voluntary immigration. Mexican immigration process can be roughly divided into three periods. (3) The first period was from 1850s to 1920s. Toward the end of 19th century, with the rapid expansion of railroads, agriculture, and mining in the Southwest and with the exclusion of C
45、hinese workers in 1882 and later the Japanese, Mexicans became preferred sources of cheap and mobile migrant labor. By the early 1900s, railroad lines which expedited deliberate labor recruitment by U.S. companies had linked the interior of Mexico with Texas and other states, and large numbers of Me
46、xican manual laborers called braceros were working from the copper and coal mines of Arizona and Colorado to the steel mills and slaughterhouses of Chicago, Detroit and Pittsburgh. (4) Not all these braceros returned to Mexico, and settler communities began to form and grow. It has been estimated th
47、at as many as 1 million Mexicans, up to one tenth of the Mexican population at that time crossed the border to the United States during the violent decade of the Mexican Revolution of 1910, while demand for their labor in the U. S. increased during World War I and the 1920s. The U. S. census in 1910
48、 counted some 220,000 Mexicans in the country; that number had more than doubled by 1920 and had tripled to over 600,000 by 1930. (5) By the time of the Great Depression, however, Mexicans in the southwest had become the scapegoats for the regions economic difficulties. The 1930s was a period of widespread domestic unemployment, and the demand for unskilled labor decreased. Many Americans who were unemployed were willing to do agricultural work and other unskilled jobs which were covered by Mexican immigrants at tha
