1、专业四级-264及答案解析 (总分：102.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)IIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a
2、 gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE after the mini-lecture. Use the blank sheet for note taking.Now listen to the mini-lecture./IBThe Effectiveness of a Person/BB1. believe there is no such thing as U U 1 /U /U/B, U 1 /U_so the solution is U U 2 /U /Uwhen it is optimum or close to the best. U 2 /U
3、_B2. believe U U 3 /U /Uof life, the universe, U 3 /U_ people, etc, is relatively good/BIf we believe that people are evil, we may react Io them U U 4 /U /U. U 4 /U_When we believe they do U U 5 /U /U, from a good intention, U 5 /U_then we begin to understand them better.B3. seek only obtaining a re
4、sult, a decision, a change, not to U U 6 /U /U./B U 6 /U_ Losing is the U U 7 /U /U. U 7 /U_Therefore. it cannot be good or bad, its where we start off from.B4. believe there is no failure or success, only U U 8 /U /U. /B U 8 /U_The Effective person obtain feedback not failure or success.B5. act wit
5、h integrity and honesty. /BAnd sometimes telling the truth is U U 9 /U /U, U 9 /U_as when this causes great upset in the other person for no good reason.By putting aside our childish definitions, we can understand and live U U 10 /U /U. and reap all the benefits. U 10 /U_ （分数：10.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:
6、_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_三、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).According to the interview, which of the following statements is TRUE about Sam? A. He has rushed out to get the crib. B. He is going to have a baby soon. C. He is not good at family budget. D. He doesnt plan proper
7、ly for his life.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).When it, comes to nursing articles, Sam suggests that parents should A. go to a Costco. B. buy in large quantity. C. ask for others favor. D. buy second-hand items.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Sometimes parents buy the best thing in all the labels because it is about A.
8、price. B. quality. C. status. D. safety.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).If parents want to know how they spend the money, they should A. figure out where the money goes. B. take a piece of paper with them. C. budget for a baby every day. D. note down every expense.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the intervie
9、wee, parents can do all of the following to save money EXCEPT A. swaping clothes with other parents. B. buying clothes in discount stores. C. buying fancy newborn equipment. D. going on eBay to buy nursing articles.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)（分数：2.00）(1).What did the government in
10、tend to do in the beginning? A. To greatly restrict public smoking. B. To ban smoking in all public places. C. To supervise smoking in some bars. D. To ban public smoking in England.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The staff who work in public places would favor the ban because A. they dont have to inhale foul
11、air. B. they dont have to serve smokers. C. they will get more tips from non-smokers. D. there will be a rise on their salaries.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：3.00）(1).The likely cause of the plane crash was A. terrorist attack. B. foul play. C. stormy weather. D. not mentioned.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of t
12、he following statements is INCORRECT? A. No survivors have been found so far. B. The plane was on fire before crash. C. Most of the passengers were Lebanese. D. The Frances ambassador was on board.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A lower time limit for abortion was preferred by some specialists _. A. because 98
13、% abortions were carried out before 20 weeks B. because pregnancy can be diagnosed earlier than before C. because survival rates among premature babies have improved D. because the fetal abnormalities can be diagnosed earlier than before语音下载（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、BPART READING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、BTEXT A/B
14、(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environment with reckless abandon. Attempts to prevent pollution legislation,
15、economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays -not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it.It seems that only when government decides it can afford tax incentives or production sacrifi
16、ces is there any initiative for change. Where is industrys and our recognition that protecting mankinds great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmenta
17、l problems, that time is now.We are being asked, and, in fact, the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in environmental health to make the difference. Yes, the ecologists, the environmental activists and the conservationists serve to communicat
18、e, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge.We must recognize that environmental health issues do not stop at city limits, county lines,
19、state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-versioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every perspective make the objective decisions. We must express our views clearly to prevent media distortion and public confusion. I believe we have a three-part mission f
20、or the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the link between environment and health. Third, we must be able to communicate technical information in a form that citizens can un
21、derstand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not merely hold it back. We will then be able to spend pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than on bandages.（分数：5.00）(1).We can infer from the first two paragraphs that
22、the industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because _. A. they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doing B. they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interests C. time has not yet come for them to put due emphasis on it D. it is difficult for them to take effe
23、ctive measures（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is _. A. to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasion B. to arouse public awareness of the importance of environmental protection C. to take radical measure
24、s to control environmental pollution D. to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word tunnel-versioned (Line 2, Para.4) most probably means _. A. narrow-minded B. blind to the facts C. short-sighted D. able to see only one aspect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4)
25、.Which of the following, according to the author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental problems? A. Legislation and government intervention. B. The industrys understanding and support. C. The efforts of environmental health professionals. D. The cooperation of ecologists, en
26、vironmental activists and conservationists.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the text, why destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur? A. inevitable phenomenon of social developing B. few people are aware of it C. the tax exerted on manufacturer is to
27、o heavy D. difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on the people who caused the problem（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、BTEXT B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The Food and Drug Administration said Wednesday that it is trying to track down as many as 386 piglets that may have been genetically engineered and wrongfully sold i
28、nto the U.S. food supply.The focus of the FDA investigation is pigs raised by researchers at the University of Illinois in Urbana Champaign. They engineered the animals with two genes: One is a cow gene that increases milk production in the sow. The other, a synthetic gene, makes the milk easier for
29、 piglets to digest. The goal was to raise bigger pigs faster.There has been no evidence that either genetically altered plants or animals actually trigger human illness, but critics warn that potential side effects remain unknown. University officials say their tests showed the piglets were not born
30、 with the altered genes, but FDA rules require even the offspring of genetically engineered animals to be destroyed so they don t get into the food supply.The FDA, in a quickly arranged news conference Wednesday prompted by inquiries by USA TODAY, said the University of Illinois will face possible s
31、anctions and fines for selling the piglets to a livestock broker, who in turn sells to processing plants.Both the FDA and the university say the pigs that entered the market do not pose a risk to consumers. But the investigation follows action by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in December to fin
32、e a Texas company that contaminated 500,000 bushels of soybeans with com that had been genetically altered to produce a vaccine for pigs.Critics see such cases as evidence of the need for more government oversight of a burgeoning area of scientific research. This is a small incident, but its inciden
33、t like this that could destroy consumer confidence and export confidence, says Stephanie Childs of the Grocery Manufacturers of America. We already have Europe shaky on biotech. The countries to whom we export are going to look at this.The University of Illinois says it tested the DNA of every pigle
34、t eight times to make sure that the animal hadnt inherited the genetic engineering of its mother. Those piglets that did were put back into the study. Those that didn t were sold to the pig broker. Any pig who s tested negative for the genes since 1999 has been sent off to market, says Charles Zukos
35、ki, vice chancellor for research.But FDA deputy commissioner Lester Crawford says that under the terms of the universitys agreement with the FDA, the researchers were forbidden to remove the piglets without FDA approval. The University of Illinois failed to check with FDA to see whether or not the a
36、nimals could be sold on the open market. And they were not to he used under any circumstance for food.The FDA is responsible for regulating and overseeing transgenic animals because such genetic manipulation is considered an unapproved animal drug.（分数：5.00）(1).The 386 piglets wrongfully sold into fo
37、od supply are from _ . A. Europe B. an American research organization C. a meat processing plant D. an animal farm（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The purpose of the transgenic engineering research is to _ . A. get pigs of larger size in a shorter time B. make sows produce more milk C. make cows produce more mi
38、lk D. make pigs grow more lean meat（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The 4th paragraph shows that the University of Illinois _ . A. was criticized by the FDA B. is in great trouble C. IS required by the FDA to call back the sold piglets D. may have to pay the penalty（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The FDA declares that the
39、 wrongfully sold piglets _ . A. may have side effects on consumers B. may be harmful to consumers C. are safe to consumers D. may cause human illness（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be inferred from this passage that _ . A. all the offspring have their mothers genetic engineering B. part of the offspring
40、 have their mothers genetic engineering C. none of the offspring have their mothers genetic engineering D. half of the offspring have their mothers genetic engineering（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.八、BTEXT C/B(总题数：1，分数：3.00)The year which preceded my fathers death made great change in my life. I had been living i
41、n New Jersey, working in defense plants, working and living among southerners, white and black. I knew about the south, of course, and about how southerners treated Negroes and how they expected them m behave, but it had never entered my mind that anyone would look at me and expect me to behave that
42、 way. I learned in New Jersey that to be a Negro meant, precisely, that one was never looked at but was simply at the mercy of the reflexes the color of ones skin caused in other people. I acted in New Jersey as I had always acted, that is-as though I thought a great deal of myself-I had to act that
43、 way-with results that were, simply, unbelievable. I had scarcely arrived before I had earned the enmity, which was extraordinarily ingenious, of all my superiors and nearly all my co-workers. In the beginning, to make matters worse, I simply did not know what was happening. I did not know what had
44、done, and I shortly began to wonder what anyone could possibly do, to bring about such unanimous, active, and unbearably vocal hostility. I knew about Jim-crow but I had never experienced it. I went to the same self-service restaurant three times and stood with all the Princeton boys before the coun
45、ter, waiting for a hamburger and coffee. It was always an extraordinarily long time before anything was set before me: I had simply picked something up. Negroes were not served there, I was told, and they had been waiting for me to realize that I was always the only Negro present. Once I was told this, I determined to go there all the time. But now they were ready for me
