1、专业英语八级英语国家概况-7及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.Which of the following is not a political division on the island of Great Britain?A. England. B. Scotland. C. Northern Ireland. D. Wales.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.Which of the following is not one of the 3 largest cities of the U.K.?A. Lon
2、don. B. Edinburgh. C. Glasgow. D. Birmingham.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.Mt. Ben Nevis, the highest mountain of the U.K, stands in _.A. Scottish Highlands B. WalesC. England D. Northern Ireland（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.The second longest but most important river of the U.K. is _.A. Severn River B. Rein RiverC. Tham
3、es River D. Colorado River（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.Cardiff is the capital of _.A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.Manchester is nicknamed as_ of the world.A. Cottonopolis B. Iron CityC. Ghost City D. Automobile City（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7._, though not the highest peak, was t
4、he backbone of England.A. The Pennine Chain B. The Ben NevisC. The Rocky Mountains D. The Alps（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.The United Kingdom does not share border with any other country EXCEPT _.A. France B. The Republic of IrelandC. Germany D. Iceland（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.The land of song refers to _.A. Irelan
5、d B. Wales C. Scotland D. England（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.The largest freshwater lake is _ in Northern Ireland.A. Loch Lomond B. Loch NeaghC. Windermere D. Ullswater（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.The two large islands that make up the British Isles are _.A. Scotland and Ireland B. Britain and ScotlandC. Great Brita
6、in and Northern Ireland D. Great Britain and Ireland（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.The United Kingdom is located in _.A. northern Europe B. western EuropeC. northwestern Europe D. southeastern Europe（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations i
7、n _.A. 1921 B. 1931 C. 1945 D. 1950（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries _.A. that were once colonies of BritainB. that have a large number of British immigrantsC. that have close relations with BritainD. that have fought on the side of Britain in
8、 the two world wars（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from _.A. Denmark B. Belgium C. France D. the Netherlands（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.Scotland occupies the third of the island of Great Britain in the British Isles.A. southern B. northern C. eastern D. western（
9、分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.Britains longest rivers are _.A. the Severn and the Clyde B. the Thames and the ClydeC. the Clyde and the Humber D. the Severn and the Thames（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.Britains climate is influenced by _, a warm ocean current that passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms t
10、hem.A. the North Atlantic Drift B. the Brazil CurrentC. the Labrador Current D. the Falkland Current（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.Englands biggest naval base is _.A. Dover B. London C. Plymouth D. Portsmouth（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.The _ of London is famous as centers for drama and music and is also a commercial c
11、enter.A. City of London B. Greater LondonC. West end D. East end（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.In history, Romans occupied Britain for about _ years.A. 700 B. 600 C. 500 D. 400（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.Which of the following tribes first came to Britain?A. Anglos. B. Saxons. C. Jutes. D. Celts.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.Th
12、e three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _ and the Jutes, which invaded Britain, form the basis of the modern British people.A. Saxons B. Scots C. Welsh D. Essex（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.William won the Battle of Hastings. Later, on _, he was crowned King of England.A. Easter Day B. St. Andrews DayC
13、. Christmas Day D. Boxing Day（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as _.A. William the Confessor B. William Lion-HeartC. the father of the British navy D. William the Conqueror（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.Because of the _ in 1066, a lot of French words entered into the English vocabular
14、y.A. Norman Conquest B. CrusadesC. Invasion of the Vikings D. Wars of the Roses（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.The Wars of Roses are fought between _.A. France and Britain B. England and ScotlandC. England and Wales D. two branches of the English royal family（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.During the reign of_, England was
15、 separated from the Roman Empire religiously.A. Henry B. Henry C. Elizabeth D. James （分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.The legend of the Knights of the Round Table is always associated with _.A. Alfred the Great B. King ArthurC. William the Conqueror D. King Harold（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.The Great Charter (Magna Char
16、ter) was signed by _ in 1215.A. King Henry B. King John C. King William D. King Richard（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31._ of 1215 was regarded as the basis of the modern English constitution.A. Enclosure Acts B. The Act of UnionC. Magna Charter D. Peoples Charter（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.During the 14th century, an ep
17、idemic named _ spread over Europe and caused millions of deaths.A. Black Death B. Malaria C. Rift Valley Fever D. Scarlet Fever（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33.The Black Death, which ravaged England in the 14th century, carried off _.A. 3/4 of the population B. 1/4 of the populationC. 1/5 of the population D. 1/
18、2 of the population（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.34.Britain was once a (n)_ country for a short period of time in its history under the lead of Oliver Cromwell.A. Democratic B. Commonwealth C. Republic D. United（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.The defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English navy took place during _.A. The Ci
19、vil Wars B. The Victorian AgeC. The Elizabeth Age D. The Glorious Revolution（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.Mary I is remembered less by her official title than the nickname Bloody Mary because _.A. she was a devout catholic and had a lot of Protestants burnt to deathB. she launched a series of warsC. she showe
20、d no mercy to CatholicsD. she killed all her brothers and sisters in order to get the throne（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.Which of the following does NOT belong to the historical influence of the Bill of Rights?A. It marks the replacement of the autocratic monarchy with a constitutional monarchy.B. It marks t
21、he end of medieval period - the period of feudalism.C. It marks the beginning of the modern period - the period of capitalism.D. It marks the beginning of the English Renaissance.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38._was the founder of the Plantagenet Dynasty and ruled England for 35 years.A. Henry B. King Stephen C
22、. Henry D. Count of Anjou（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.During the reign of_, Wales was brought under English rule.A. Henry B. Edward C. Edward D. Edward （分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40._became the first prince to hold the title of Prince of Wales, which continues to be borne by the eldest son of the reigning monarch.A. R
23、ichard B. Henry C. Edward D. Edward （分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.41.The chief demand of the peasants during the Peasant Uprising of 1381 was _.A. the abolition of villeinage B. the punishment of the Kings ministersC. the increase of wages D. the reform of the church（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.42.The name of Wars of the Ro
24、ses was, in fact, coined by the great 19th century novelist _.A. Charles Dickens B. George ElliotC. Sir Walter Scott D. Charlotte Bronte（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43._declared himself Supreme Head of the Church of England in 1535.A. Henry B. Henry C. Henry D. Edward （分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.Mary died childless and
25、 her half-sister _ came to the throne in 1558.A. Ann B. Victoria C. Elizabeth D. Catherine（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.In, _ a small group of Puritans sailed from Plymouth in the Mayflower, and found New Plymouth in America, Britains first settlement in the New World.A. 1614 B. 1615 C. 1620 D. 1621（分数：2.00）A
26、.B.C.D.46.The Great Civil War, as it became known, was fought between _.A. Royolists and Parliamentarians B. the House of Lancaster and the House of YorkC. king and church D. England and Scotland（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.47.From 1649 to 1658 England was called a commonwealth, ruled by Oliver Cromwell as _.A.
27、 President B. Lord ProtectorC. Lieutenant general D. Commander of the new model army（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.48.The longest reign in British history was the monarch of_, which lasted from 1837 to 1901.A. Queen Elizabeth B. Queen VictoriaC. Queen Mary D. Henry （分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49.An empire on which the sun n
28、ever sets is a nickname of the Britain during the reign of _.A. Queen Elizabeth B. Queen VictoriaC. Queen Mary D. Henry （分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.50.The Whigs and the Tories originated from the Glorious Revolution became _ in the mid- 19th century.A. the Liberal Party and the Conservative PartyB. the Labor P
29、arty and the Conservative PartyC. the Liberal Party and the Republican PartyD. the Labor Party and the Republican Party（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.专业英语八级英语国家概况-7答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.Which of the following is not a political division on the island of Great Britain?A. England. B.
30、Scotland. C. Northern Ireland. D. Wales.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：大不列颠岛上共有三个政治分区，分别为England(位于南部，面积最大、人口最稠密)，Scotland(位于北部，拥有三大自然区：北部高地、中部低地和南部丘陵)和Wales(位于西部)。Ireland是大不列颠岛之外的另一个岛屿，包含英国的Northern Ireland和the Republic of Ireland。2.Which of the following is not one of the 3 largest cities of the U.K.?A. Lond
31、on. B. Edinburgh. C. Glasgow. D. Birmingham.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：伦敦(London)是英国第一大城市及第一大港，欧洲最大的都会区之一兼世界三大金融中心之一。人口751.24万，面积1,577.3平方公里，是世界十大都市之一。伯明翰(Birmingham)是英国的第二大城市，面积266平方公里，人口103万，是英国的煤铁主要产地。格拉斯哥是英国第三大城市。3.Mt. Ben Nevis, the highest mountain of the U.K, stands in _.A. Scottish Highlands B. Wal
32、esC. England D. Northern Ireland（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：本内维斯山(Ben Nevis)是不列颠群岛最高的山峰。它位于英国苏格兰西部的格兰扁山脉，毗邻高地的小镇威廉堡(Fort William)。有时人们也称呼本内维斯山为本(Ben)。4.The second longest but most important river of the U.K. is _.A. Severn River B. Rein RiverC. Thames River D. Colorado River（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：泰晤士河，英国第二大河流，
33、也是最重要的水路，又是英国的母亲河。它发源于英格兰西南部的科茨沃尔德山，从源头到伦敦桥长259公里，伦敦桥至诺尔岛长77公里，全长340公里，通航里程为309公里。5.Cardiff is the capital of _.A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：加的夫(Cardiff)，英国威尔士地区首府，英国第十六大城市，威尔士最大城市，人口约319,700，面积190平方公里。英国西南部的重要港口和工业、服务业中心。6.Manchester is nicknamed as_ of the
34、 world.A. Cottonopolis B. Iron CityC. Ghost City D. Automobile City（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：曼彻斯特是棉纺织工业的发祥地。两百多年前，在这里诞生了世界上最早的近代棉纺织大工业，揭开了工业革命的序幕。曼彻斯特也随着棉纺工业的出现成为新一代大工业城市的先驱，因此被称作“棉都”。7._, though not the highest peak, was the backbone of England.A. The Pennine Chain B. The Ben NevisC. The Rocky Mountains
35、D. The Alps（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：Ben Nevis是英国最高峰。The Pennine Chain(奔宁山脉)是英国的脊梁。8.The United Kingdom does not share border with any other country EXCEPT _.A. France B. The Republic of IrelandC. Germany D. Iceland（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：英国是欧洲岛国，其英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士国土不与任何其他国家接壤，北爱尔兰是爱尔兰岛的一部分，与爱尔兰共和国接壤。9.The land of
36、song refers to _.A. Ireland B. Wales C. Scotland D. England（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：威尔士素有歌曲之乡的美名，造就出许许多多的音乐人才和优良的音乐传统。每年威尔士都会举行国际音乐和诗歌艺术节，吸引着来自全世界各地的诗人和艺人。10.The largest freshwater lake is _ in Northern Ireland.A. Loch Lomond B. Loch NeaghC. Windermere D. Ullswater（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：内伊湖(Loch Neagh)，北爱尔兰
37、湖泊。长29公里，平均宽24公里，面积396平方公里，大部分只有12公尺深，为不列颠群岛最大的湖泊，同时它还是欧洲西部第三大湖泊。11.The two large islands that make up the British Isles are _.A. Scotland and Ireland B. Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and Northern Ireland D. Great Britain and Ireland（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：不列颠群岛由两座大的岛屿和无数小岛组成。两座大岛分别是大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛(Gr
38、eat Britain and Ireland)。英国由不列颠岛(包括英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士)以及爱尔兰岛东北部的北爱尔兰和周围5500个小岛(海外领地)组成。12.The United Kingdom is located in _.A. northern Europe B. western EuropeC. northwestern Europe D. southeastern Europe（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：英国本土位于欧洲大陆西北面的不列颠群岛，被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋包围。13.The British Empire was replaced
39、by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in _.A. 1921 B. 1931 C. 1945 D. 1950（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：不列颠在大约一百年前曾统治着世界上四分之一的人口和土地，其殖民地遍布全球各大洲。二战之后，随着不列颠国力衰退，各殖民地纷纷独立，不列颠帝国(the British Empire)在1931年起被英联邦所取代。14.The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries _.A. th
40、at were once colonies of BritainB. that have a large number of British immigrantsC. that have close relations with BritainD. that have fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：英联邦(Commonwealth of Nations)是一个以英国为主导的国家联合体，由54个主权国家(含属地)所组成，成员大多为前大英帝国的殖民地或附属国。该组织元首为英国女王伊丽莎白
41、二世，同时身兼英联邦王国内的16国的国家元首。基于其历史渊源，人们常常以“British Commonwealth”称之，以与世界上的其他联邦区分开来。15.The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from _.A. Denmark B. Belgium C. France D. the Netherlands（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：英吉利海峡(English Channel)，是分隔英国与欧洲大陆的法国并连接大西洋与北海的海峡。海峡长560公里(350英里)，宽240公里(150英里)，最狭窄处又称多
42、佛尔海峡，仅宽34公里(21英里)。16.Scotland occupies the third of the island of Great Britain in the British Isles.A. southern B. northern C. eastern D. western（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：苏格兰(Scotland)，位于大不列颠岛北部，北、西临大西洋，东濒北海，南为英格兰和爱尔兰海。南北长441公里，东西宽248公里。面积77，169平方公里，约占大不列颠岛面积的三分之一。17.Britains longest rivers are _.A. the
43、Severn and the Clyde B. the Thames and the ClydeC. the Clyde and the Humber D. the Severn and the Thames（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：塞文河(Severn River)是英国最长的河流，河长338公里，发源于威尔士中部河道呈半圆形，流经英格兰中西部，注入布里斯托海峡。泰晤士河(Thames River)是英国的第二大河，也是英国最重要的河流，全长336公里。18.Britains climate is influenced by _, a warm ocean current that passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.A. the North Atlantic Drift B. the Brazil CurrentC. the Labrador Current D. the Falkland Current（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：英国处于欧洲西部，大西
