1、专业英语八级5及答案解析 (总分：77.01，做题时间：120分钟)一、PART I LISTENING (总题数：1，分数：1.00) Study Activities in University In order to help college and university students in the process of learning, four key study activities have been designed and used to encourage them to make knowledge their own. 1. Essay writing: cent
2、ral focus of university work esp. in the humanities, e.g 【1】 benefits:l) Helping to select interesting content in books and to express understanding. 2) Enabling teachers to know progress and to offer【2】. 3) miliarizing students with exam forms. 2. Seminars and classroom discussion: another form to
3、internalize knowledge in specialized contexts. benefits: l)【3】enables you to know the effectivess of and others response to your speechimmediately. 2) Within the same period of time, more topics can be dealt with thanin 【4】. 3) The use of a broader range of knowledge is encouraged. 3. Individual tut
4、orials:a substitute for group discussion. format: from teacher【5】to flexible conversation, benefit: encouraging ideas and interaction. 4. Lectures: a most【6】used study activity. disadvantages:(1) Less【7】than discussions or tutorials. 2) More demanding than notetaking. advantages: 1) Providing a gene
5、ral 【8】 of a subject under discussion. 2) Offering more easily understood versions of a theory. 3) Updating students on【9】developments. 4) Allowing students to follow different【10】 （分数：1.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_二、SECTION B INTERVI(总题数：1，分数：1.00)(1).If after vig
6、orous exercise a persons pulse rate remains high for a long while, he or she_.（分数：0.20）A.has an unusually strong heartB.must be suffering from some diseaseC.should go to the hospital to have a check-upD.needs to reduce the intensity of the exercise(2).One way in which exercise can improve our health
7、 is that it helps us to_.（分数：0.20）A.lose weightB.sweatC.build musclesD.gain confidence(3).Dieting is not an effective way to lose weight unless_.（分数：0.20）A.it is accompanied by exercisingB.you drink nothing but milkC.you avoid eating fatty meatD.you take more vitamins when exercising(4).The problem
8、with most Americans diet is that they_.（分数：0.20）A.drink too much milkB.drink too much alcoholC.consume too much meat and sugarD.dont get enough thiamine(5).According to Dr. Mirkin, drugs such as amphetamines cannot increase an athletes performance,（分数：0.20）A.because they actually do harm to his or h
9、er healthB.because they only stimulate his or her imaginationC.because they increase his or her strength only temporarilyD.because they actually slow down his or her reactions三、SECTION C NEWS BR(总题数：2，分数：1.00)(1)._US soldiers have been killed in Iraq since President Bush declared that major combat o
10、perations in Iraq had ended.（分数：0.25）A.1170B.1530C.1668D.1669(2).Besides US, _suffered the greatest loss of army men in Iraq.（分数：0.25）A.Great BritainB.BulgariaC.ItalyD.Poland1. What is NOT a feature of the new karaoke machine?（分数：0.50）A.It is featured by high technology.B.It allows you to imitate fa
11、mous singers.C.It can automatically alter the tempo and tone of a song.D.It can be placed in specially designed theme rooms.四、PART II GENERAL K(总题数：10，分数：10.00)2. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U. S. ?（分数：1.00）A.Huston.B.Boston.C.Baltimore.D.Philadelphia.3. U. S. pres
12、idents normally serve a(n)_term.（分数：1.00）A.two-yearB.four-yearC.six-yearD.eight-year4. William Sidney Porter known as O. Henry, is most famous for_.（分数：1.00）A.his poems.B.his plays.C.his short stories.D.his novels.5. The speech act theory was first put forward by_.（分数：1.00）A.John Searle.B.John Austi
13、n.C.Noam Chomsky.D.M. A. K. Halliday.6. Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?（分数：1.00）A.T.S.Eliot.B.D. H.Lawrence.C.Theodore Dreiser.D.James Joyce.7. The President during the American Civil War was_.（分数：1.00）A.Andrew Jackson.B.Abraham Lincoln.C.Thomas Jefferson.D.George Washi
14、ngton.8. The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written by_.（分数：1.00）A.Scott Fitzgerald.B.William Faulkner.C.Eugene ONeill.D.Ernest Hemingway.9. The distinction between parole and langue was made by_.（分数：1.00）A.Halliday.B.Chomsky.C.Bloomfield.D.Saussure.10. _is the state church in England.（分数：1.00）A.T
15、he Roman Catholic ChurchB.The Baptist ChurchC.The Protestant ChurchD.The Church of England11. The Prime Minister in Britain is head of_.（分数：1.00）A.the Shadow Cabinet.B.the Parliament.C.the Opposition.D.the Cabinet.五、PART III READING (总题数：4，分数：4.00)Museum is a slippery word. It first meant (in Greek)
16、 anything consecrated to the Muses: a hill, a shrine, a garden, a festival or even a textbook. Both Platos Academy and Aristotles Lyceum had a mouseion, a muses shrine. Although the Greeks already collected detached works of art, many templesnotably that of Hera at Olympia (before which the Olympic
17、flame is still lit)had collections of objects, some of which were works of art by well-known masters, while paintings and sculptures in the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its main purpose. The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbanded temples, as well as mineral specimens, exotic
18、 plants, animals; and they plundered sculptures and paintings (mostly Greek) for exhibition. Meanwhile , the Greek word had slipped into Latin by transliteration (though not to signify picture galleries, which were called pinacothecae) and museum still more or less meant Muses shrine. The inspiratio
19、nal collections of precious and semi-precious objects were kept in larger churches and monasterieswhich focused on the gold-enshrined, bejewelled relics of saints and martyrs. Princes,and later merchants, had similar collections, which became the deposits of natural curiosities: large lumps of amber
20、 or coral, irregular pearls, unicorn horns, ostrich eggs, fossil bones and so on. They also included coins and gemsoften antique engraved onesas well as, increasingly, paintings and sculptures. As they multiplied and expanded, to supplement them, the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined. At
21、 the same time, visitors could admire the very grandest paintings and sculptures in the churches, palaces and castles; they were not collected either, but site-specific ,and were considered an integral part both of the fabric of the buildings and of the way of life which went on inside themand most
22、of the buildings were public ones. However, during the revival of antiquity in the fifteenth century, fragments of antique sculpture were given higher status than the work of any contemporary, so that displays of antiquities would inspire artists to imitation, or even better, to emulation; and so co
23、uld be considered Muses shrines in the former sense. The Medici garden near San Marco in Florence, the Belvedere and the Capitol in Rome were the most famous of such early inspirational collections. Soon they multiplied, and, gradually, exemplary modern works were also added to such galleries. In th
24、e seventeenth century, scientific and prestige collecting became so widespread that three or four collectors independently published directories to museums all over the known world. But it was the age of revolutions and industry which produced the next sharp shift in the way the institution was perc
25、eived: the fury against royal and church monuments prompted antiquarians to shelter them in asylum-galleries, of which the Musee des Monuments Francais was the most famous. Then, in the first half of the nineteenth century, museum funding took off, allied to the rise of new wealth: London acquired t
26、he National Gallery and the British Museum, the Louvre was organized, the Museum-Insel was begun in Berlin, and the Munich galleries were built. In Vienna, the huge Kunsthistorisches and Naturhistorisches Museums took over much of the imperial treasure. Meanwhile, the decline of craftsmanship (and o
27、f public taste with it) inspired the creation of improving collections. The Victoria and Albert Museum in London was the most famous, as well as perhaps the largest of them. （分数：1.02）(1). The sentence Museum is a slippery word in the first paragraph means that_.（分数：0.17）A.the meaning of the word did
28、nt change until after the 15th century.B.the meaning of the word had changed over the years.C.the Greeks held different concepts from the Romans.D.princes and merchants added paintings to their collections.(2). The idea that museum could mean a mountain or an object originates from_.（分数：0.17）A.the R
29、omans.B.Florence.C.Olympia.D.Greek.(3). . the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined in the third paragraph means that _.（分数：0.17）A.there was a great demand for fakers.B.fakers grew rapidly in number.C.fakers became more skillful.D.fakers became more polite.(4). Painting and sculptures on dis
30、play in churches in the 15th century were_.（分数：0.17）A.collected from elsewhere.B.made part of the buildings.C.donated by people.D.bought by churches.(5). Modern museums came into existence in order to_.（分数：0.17）A.protect royal and church treasures.B.improve existing collections.C.stimulate public in
31、terest.D.raise more funds.(6). Which is the main idea of the passage?（分数：0.17）A.Collection and collectors.B.The evolution of museums.C.Modern museums and their functions.D.The birth of museums.Campaigning on the Indian frontier is an experience by itself. Neither the landscape nor the people find th
32、eir counterparts in any other portion of the globe. Valley walls rise steeply five or six thousand feet on every side. The columns crawl through a maze of giant corridors down which fierce snow-fed torrents foam under skies of brass. Amid these scenes of savage brilliancy there dwells a race whose q
33、ualities seem to harmonize with their environment. Except at harvest-time, when self-preservation requires a temporary truce, the Pathan tribes are always engaged in private or public war. Every man is a warrior, a politician and a theologian. Every large house is a real feudal fortress made, it is
34、true, only of sun-baked clay, but with battlements, turrets, loopholes, drawbridges, etc, complete. Every village has its defence. Every family cultivates its vendetta; every clan, its feud. The numerous tribes and combinations of tribes all have their accounts to settle with one another. Nothing is
35、 ever forgotten, and very few debts are left unpaid. For the purposes of social life, in addition to the convention about harvest-time, a most elaborate code of honor has been established and is on the whole faithfully observed. A man who knew it and observed it faultlessly might pass unarmed from o
36、ne end of the frontier to another. The slightest technical slip would, however, be fatal. The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest; and his valleys, nourished alike by endless sunshine and abundant water, are fertile enough to yield with little labor the modest material requirements of a spar
37、se population. Into this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts: the rifle and the British Government. The first was an enormous luxury and blessing; the second, an unmitigated nuisance. The convenience of the rifle was nowhere more appreciated than in the Indian highlands. A weapo
38、n which would kill with accuracy at fifteen hundred yards opened a whole new vista of delights to every family or clan which could acquire it. One could actually remain in ones own house and fire at ones neighbor nearly a mile away. One could lie in wait on some high crag, and at hitherto unheard-of
39、 ranges hit a horseman far below. Even villages could fire at each other without the trouble of going far from home. Fabulous prices were therefore offered for these glorious products of science. Rifle-thieves scoured all India to reinforce the efforts of the honest smuggler. A steady flow of the co
40、veted weapons spread its genial influence throughout the frontier, and the respect which the Pathan tribesmen entertained for Christian civilization was vastly enhanced. The action of the British Government on the other hand was entirely unsatisfactory. The great organizing, advancing, absorbing pow
41、er to the southward seemed to be little better than a monstrous spoil-sport. If the Pathan made forays into the plains, not only were they driven back ( which after all was no more than fair) ,but a whole series of subsequent interferences took place, followed at intervals by expeditions which toile
42、d laboriously through the valleys, scolding the tribesmen and exacting fines for any damage which they had done. No one would have minded these expeditions if they had simply come, had a fight and then gone away again. In many cases this was their practice under what was called the butcher and bolt
43、policy to which the Government of India long adhered. But towards the end of the nineteenth century these intruders began to make roads through many of the valleys, and in particular the great road to Chitral. They sought to ensure the safety of these roads by threats, by forts and by subsidies. The
44、re was no objection to the last method so far as it went. But the whole of this tendency to road-making was regarded by the Pathans with profound distaste. All along the road people were expected to keep quiet, not to shoot one another, and above all not to shoot at travellers along the road. It was
45、 too much to ask, and a whole series of quarrels took their origin from this source. （分数：1.00）(1). The word debts in very few debts are left unpaid in the first paragraph means_.（分数：0.20）A.loans.B.accounts.C.killings.D.bargains.(2). Which of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts about t
46、he Indian frontier?（分数：0.20）A.Melting snows.B.Large population.C.Steep hillsides.D.Fertile valleys.(3). According to the passage, the Pathans welcomed_.（分数：0.20）A.the introduction of the rifle.B.the spread of British rule.C.the extension of luxuries.D.the spread of trade.(4). Building roads by the B
47、ritish_.（分数：0.20）A.put an end to a whole series of quarrels.B.prevented the Pathans from carrying on feuds.C.lessened the subsidies paid to the Pathans.D.gave the Pathans a much quieter life.(5). A suitable title for the passage would be_.（分数：0.20）A.Campaigning on the Indian frontier.B.Why the Pathans resented the British rule.C.The popularity of rifles among the Pathans.D.The Pathans at w
