1、2008年英语专业八级真题答案真题 120PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. while listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but yon will need them to complete a gap-filling task afte
2、r the mini-lecture. when the lecture is over, yon will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文Good morning,every oneTodays lecture is about the popularity of EnglishAs we all know
3、，English is widely used in the worldAhhough English is not the language with the largest number of native or first language speakers，it has really become a lingua francaThen what is a lingua franca? The term refers to a language which is widely adopted for communication between two speakers whose na
4、tive languages are different from each others，and where one or both speakers are using it as a second languageFor example，when an Indian talks to a Singaporean using English，then English is the lingua francaThen actually how many people speak English as either a first or a second language? Some rese
5、archers suggested a few years ago that between 320380 million people spoke English as a first language，and anyway between 250350 million as a second languageAnd of course，if we include people who are learning English as a foreign language all over the world，that number may increase dramaticallyThen
6、we may ask a question；how did English get there?That is，how did English gain the present status of popularity? There are in fact a number of interlocking reasons for the popularity of English as a lingua francaManv of the reasons are historical，but they also include economic and eultural factors tha
7、t have influenced and sustained the spread of the languageLets go through the reasons one by one First is the historical reasonThis is related to the colonial historyAs we know，when the Pilgrim Fathers landed on the Massachusetts coast in 1620 after their journey from England，they broUght with them
8、not just a set of religious beliefs，a pioneering spirit or a desire for colonization，but also their languageAlthough many years later，the Americans broke away from their colonial master，the language of English remained and still doesIt was the same in Australia，tooWhen Commander Phillip planted the
9、British flag in Sydnev cove on the 26th January，1788，it was not just a bunch of British convicts on their guardians。but also a languageIn other parts of the former British Empire，English rapidly became a unifying or dominating means of controlFor example，It became a lingua franca in India or a varie
10、ty of indigenous languages made the use of any one of them as a whole country system problematicSo the imposition of English as the one language of administration helps maintain the colonizerscontrol and power，thus English traveled around many parts of the world in those davsAnd long after that colo
11、nial power has faded away，it is still widely used as a main or at least an institutional language in countries as far apart as Jamaica and Pakistan，Uganda and New ZealandThat is the first factor Now the second major factor in the spread of English has been the spread of commerce throughout the world
12、The spread of international commerce has taken English along with itThis is the 20th centurv Dhenomenon of globalizationTherefore，one of the first sights many travelers see when arriving in countries as diverse as Brazil，China，for example，is the yellow twin arch sign of MacDonalds fast food restaura
13、nt or some other famous brands outletsAnd without doubt，English is used as the language of communication in the international business community And the third factor related to the popular use of English is the boom in international trovelAnd you will find that much travel and tourism is carried on
14、around the world in EnglishOf course this is not always the case，as the multi-lingualism omany tourism workers in many different countries demonstrateBut a visit to most airports on the globe will show signs not only in the language of that country but also with English，iust as many airline announce
15、ments are broadcast in English too，whatever the language of the country the airport is situated inSo far，English is also the preferred language of air traffic control in many countries and is used widely in sea travel communication Another factor has something to do with information exchange around
16、the worldAs we all know，a great deal of academic discourse around the world takes place in EnglishIt is often a lingua franca of conferences，for example，and many Journal articles in fields as diverse as astronomy，trio psychology and geology have English as a kind of default language The last factor
17、I cite here concerns popular cultureIn the western world，at Ieast English is a dominating language ln popular culturePop music in English can be heard on many radios，thus many people who are not English speakers can sing words from their favorite English medium songsAnd many people who are regular c
18、inema-goers or TV viewers can frequently hear English in subtitle films coming out of the USA Now，to sum up in todays lecturewe have reviewed some of the reasons or factors that lie behind the popular use of English as the No.1 world languageBefore we finish，Id 1ike to 1eave a few questions for you
19、to think aboutIs the status of English as the No.1 world language a sure in the future?Will it split into varieties that become less mutually intelligible? Or will some other language or languages take the place of English as world language in future?These questions are not easy to answer，I knowBut
20、they are definitely worth pondering over after the lectureOk，this brings to the end of todays lectureThank you for your attention. 第1题：参考答案：native/first languages详细解答：第2题：参考答案：350详细解答：第3题：参考答案：Historical详细解答：第4题：参考答案：former British Emplre详细解答：第5题：参考答案：international commerce详细解答：第6题：参考答案：Boom详细解答：第7题
21、：参考答案：traffic control详细解答：第8题：参考答案：conferences详细解答：第9题：参考答案：many radios详细解答：第10题：参考答案：Split详细解答：SECTION B In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.听力原文W：Hello，Freddy M
22、：Hello，MaryHow nice to see you againHows everything going? W：FineBusy these days? M：YeahWith lots of things to doWould you like to join me for a drink? W：Ok，thanks M：Any news recently? W：Oh，well，I read in the local paper the other day that the government is planning to build an airport hereyou know
23、that? M：Im afraid not W：Well，my real objection to this idea of a new airport is，is the whole thing is so wasteful，I mean，we know we are currently in fuel crises，we know that weve got to conserve oil and fuel and all the rest of it，and get here the government seems quite deliberately to be encouragin
24、g people to,.to travel，to use and these jets use a hack of a lot of oil，I mean it takes a ton of oil，a ton of petrol before one of these big jets even takes off M：Mm. W：It seems so completely short-sighted to meQuite apart from all the ways to the land and so on，I cant see， I cant see the rationale
25、behind really wanting anan airport at a11 M：Well，surely you must have to admit that the existing airport nearby are becoming swarmedI mean，why should people，uhh W：Well，they arent being swarmed M：.be treated like cattle when there is a chance of.a new airport here W：But，but really people shouldnt be
26、traveling as much，thats，thats why most of the journeys，I mean，they swamped because there is far too much unnecessary tourism and so onIt isnt necessary for people to travel so far or even so often M：Well，you take the climate here in this countryNow just before Christmas，there was this dreadful cold
27、spell，and there was a tremendous increase in number of people who wanted to leave and spent Christmas and the New Year in a reasonable climate of sun and，and a certain mild climateAnd，and in summer,the same situation occursIt is unbearably hot here and people want to go somewhere c001 W：Well，yes，I c
28、an sympathize with thatBut it is still not really necessary to do，well，as it is necessary to，to conserve fuel and it is necessary to，well，not to waste landI mean land for a new airport could he used for far more important things which would benefit the people here far moreI mean it could be used for
29、 farming for instance M：True W：It could also be used for housing，or it could be used for parks，you knowPeople then could come and enjoy themselves without having to travel far M：But，airports do bring some local advantagesThey bring roads，there is obviously extra employment，for in- stance，new hotels，
30、shops，restaurants will have to be builtThis means more jobs for the locals and it is good for local economy W：But you ask t he people，you ask those who are now living near the airports，for instance，whether，whether they reckon that airports bring them advantages，although，all the airports bring in are
31、 noise and vast motorways，and the whole area is，is desolated，isnt it? M：But the airport infra,.,infrastructure relies on housing and other facilities for the great number of people who would be employed in the airportthe pilots even，the stewardess，they have to live somewhere near the airport，right?
32、W：Yeah，but its，its just so，so damaging to the whole areaI think，airports，from my point of view，the whole concept is outdated，reallyUmm，with modern technology，we can make a lot of travel unnecessary，really For example，it wont be necessary for businessmen to fly out to a foreign county to talk to some
33、bodyThey can just leave it to the telephone in the office，press the button，and say to the person they want to do business withYou see，business deals can be made without having to travel back and forth，right? M：Yes，you are rightBut for a lot of people，personal contact is importantAnd this means trave
34、l，and means quick travel，air travelAnd we just need a new airport 第11题：参考答案：C答案解析：第12题：参考答案：A答案解析：第13题：参考答案：D答案解析：第14题：参考答案：B答案解析：第15题：参考答案：C答案解析：SECTION C In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each
35、question on your ANSWER SHEET.听力原文The New Moderates Party began forming the new Swedish government on MondayIn Sundays elections，the New Moderates Party defeated the Social DemocratsThe Social Democratic Party has controlled Sweden for all but 9 years since 1932，building up the countrys generous wel
36、fare stateBut the New Moderates wants to change itSwedens welfare system is famed around the world，but the system encourages people to be lazyAnd unemployment is also high in SwedenOne reason is the high tax on companies which makes it difficult to employ new people 第16题：参考答案：A答案解析：听力原文Much of the w
37、orld was watching on television when the commander of the Apolio-11 mission，Neil Armstrong，took the first steps on the moon in July，1969The pictures of that historic footstep and everything else about that and subsequent Apollo moon landings were recorded on magnetic tapes at three NASA ground track
38、ing stations around the worldThe tapes were then shipped to a NASA operations center near Washington，the Goddard Space Flight CenterIn late 1969，the space agency began transferring them and tens of thousands of tapes from other space missions to a nearby USgovernment archives warehouseNASA says it a
39、sked for them back in the 1970s,but now does not know where they are“I probably am overly sensitive to the wordlostI did not feel they are lost,”said Richard Nafzger，a Goddard Space Flight Center engineer who was in charge of television processing from all of NASAs ground receiving sitesThe space ag
40、ency has authorized him to set aside his other duties for the foreseeable future and devote his time to the hunt for the tapesNafzger says they are stored somewhere 第17题：参考答案：C答案解析：第18题：参考答案：A答案解析：听力原文More than 22 million people who live in the United States dont speak or understand English very wel
41、l and that can be deadlyIn a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine,Dr.Glenn Flores highlights some cases where language barriers prevented patients from communicating with health care providers-with serious consequencesDrFlores recalls one incident in which English-speaking doctors
42、thought a Spanish-speaking man was suffering from a drug overdose“He was in the hospital basically for two days being worked up for drug abuse，”Flores says“They finally did a head CT scan and realized he had had a major bleed into his brainHe ended up being paralyzed and he got a $71 million settlem
43、ent award from the hospital”DrFlores，a professor at the Medical College of Wisconsin says that despite examples like that，the majority of U.S.health care facilities still do not have trained interpreters on siteBut he acknowledges that increasing numbers of health care workers are bilingual，and that
44、 more clinics and hospitals do make sure their staff and patients understand each other 第19题：参考答案：D答案解析：第20题：参考答案：B答案解析：PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN) Directions: In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. For each of them there are f
45、our choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 第21题：参考答案：B答案解析：第22题：参考答案：D答案解析：第23题：参考答案：A答案解析：第24题：参考答案：C答案解析：第25题：参考答案：A答案解析：第26题：参考答案：A答案解析：第27题：参考答案：D答案解析：第28题：参考答案：B答案解析：第29题：参考答案：B答案解析：第30题：参考答案：C答案解析：第31题：参考答案：B答案解析：第32题：参考答案：C答案解析：第33题：参考答案：D答案解析：第34题：参考答案：C答案解析：第35题
46、：参考答案：A答案解析：第36题：参考答案：B答案解析：第37题：参考答案：C答案解析：第38题：参考答案：C答案解析：第39题：参考答案：D答案解析：第40题：参考答案：D答案解析：PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 第41题：参考答案：C答案解析：第42题：参考答案：D答案解析：第43题：参考答案：A答案解析：第44题：参考答案：D答案解
47、析：第45题：参考答案：B答案解析：第46题：参考答案：C答案解析：第47题：参考答案：A答案解析：第48题：参考答案：D答案解析：第49题：参考答案：B答案解析：第50题：参考答案：D答案解析：PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is i
