1、2005年英语专业八级真题答案真题 120PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. while listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but yon will need them to complete a gap-filling task afte
2、r the mini-lecture. when the lecture is over, yon will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文I think as seniors, you are often required by your instructors to do some library res
3、earch on this topic or that. And in the end you have to write a research paper, right? Then what is writing a research paper like? How are we going to write one? What are the steps in producing a research paper, and what are the points we need to take care of. In todays lecture, Ill try to answer th
4、ese questions. First of all, what is writing a research paper like? We may start by comparing it to an ordinary essay, a form of writing youre very familiar with. Writing a research paper is much like writing an essay. Both kinds of writing involve many of the same basic steps, that is, choosing a t
5、opic, asking questions to define and develop the topic, identifying the audience, getting raw material to work with, outlining the paper, writing it and finally revising it. These are the steps shared between research paper writing and essay writing. Is there any difference? You may ask. Yes. What m
6、akes a research paper different is that much of your raw material comes not from you own head, but from printed resources, mainly books and periodicals in the library. Collecting raw material, that is, reading books and taking notes is very much like the process of brainstorming at the pre-writing s
7、tage of an ordinary essay. Generally speaking, there are two basic types of research papers, and a paper may belong to either type: it may be a survey of facts and opinions available on a given topic or an analytical argument that uses those facts and opinions to prove a point. Your instructor may t
8、ell you which kind of paper you are expected to write. If not, you yourself should eventually choose between surveying and arguing. You will then have a definite way of managing your sources. Now, lets take a look at how you are going to write a survey-type research paper or an argumentative researc
9、h paper. In a survey-type research paper you gather facts and a variety of opinions on a given topic. You make little attempt to interpret it or evaluate what your sources say, or to prove a particular point. Instead through quotation, summary and paraphrase, you try to provide a representative samp
10、ling of facts and opinions, to give an objective report on your topic. You explain the pros and cons of various attitudes or opinions, but you dont cite definitely with any one of them. Well, in an argumentative research paper, you do considerably more. You do not simply quote, paraphrase and summar
11、ize as you do in a survey-type paper. You interpret, question, compare and judge the statements you cite. You will explain why one opinion is sound and another is not, why one fact is relevant and another is not, why one writer is correct and another is mistaken. Whats more, your purpose may vary wi
12、th your topic, you may try to explain the situation, to recommend the course of action, to review a solution to a problem, or to present and defend a particular interpretation of a historical event or a work of art. But whether the topic is a space travel or trains in contemporary American literatur
13、e an argumentative research paper deals actively, I say it again, actively, with the statements it cites. It makes these statements work together in an argument that you create, that is, an argument leading to a conclusion of your own. In the next part of the lecture, Id like to talk about one of th
14、e basic steps in writing. I mentioned earlier in the lecture. That is how to choose a topic. Choosing a topic for a research paper is in some ways like choosing a topic for an ordinary essay. But there are some differences. As you think about your topic, ask yourself these questions. Question Number
15、 One: Do you really want to know more about this topic? This is the initial question you have to ask yourself because research on any subject will keep you busy for weeks. You certainly do not wish to waste your time on something you have little interest in. You do it well only if you expect to lear
16、n something interesting or important in the process. Question Number Two: Are you likely to find many sources of information on this topic? You cannot write a research paper without consulting a variety of sources. If only one source or not at ail, is readily available you should rethink your topic
17、or choose another. Question Number Three: Can you cut the topic down to a manageable size? Be reasonable and realistic about what you can do in a short period, say, two to four weeks. If your topic is the American Revolution, youll scarcely have time to make a list of books on your subject, let alon
18、e read and analyze them. So try to find something specific such as the role of Thomas Jefferson in the American Revolution or the Franco-American Alliance. Question Number Four: What questions can you ask about the topic itself?. Questions help you get the topic down to a manageable size. Discover i
19、ts possibilities and find the goal of your research, that is, the specific problem you want to investigate. Suppose you want to write about the issue of financing a college education, a topic not only current but also directly linked to the lives of most college students and their families. You coul
20、d ask at least two or three pointed questions. How much does educational opportunity depend on financial status? Is financial aid going to the students who need it most? How much should universities and colleges charge their students? You can ask yourself these questions or more as you start to work
21、 on the research paper. Ok, to sum up, in todays lecture, weve looked at some of the issues in the research paper writing, like the basic steps, types of the research paper and how to choose a topic. In our next lecture, well concentrate on how to identify the audience, how to work out an outline an
22、d how to edit the draft. 第1题：参考答案：the basic steps详细解答：第2题：参考答案：raw material详细解答：第3题：参考答案：head (mind)详细解答：第4题：参考答案：facts/opinions详细解答：第5题：参考答案：summarize/paraphrase详细解答：第6题：参考答案：objective详细解答：第7题：参考答案：Purpose详细解答：第8题：参考答案：ask yourself questions详细解答：第9题：参考答案：a manageable size详细解答：第10题：参考答案：the topic it
23、self详细解答：SECTION B In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.听力原文Interviewer: Today with Professor MeKay on our morning talk show. Good morning, Professor McKay. Profes
24、sor McKay: Good morning. Interviewer: Ive heard that you and your team have just completed a report on old age. Professor McKay: Thats right. Interviewer: Could you tell me what your report is about? Professor McKay Well, the report basically looks into the very beliefs that people hold about old ag
25、e and try to verify them. Interviewer: And what do you think your report can achieve? Professor McKay: We hope that it would somehow help people to change their feelings about old age, the problem is that far too many of us believe that most old people are poor, lonely and unhappy. As a result we te
26、nd to rind old people as a group unattractive, and this is very dangerous for our society. Interviewer: But surely we cannot escape the fact that many old people are lonely and many are sick. Professor McKay: No, we cant. But we must also remember that the proportion of such people is no greater amo
27、ng the 60 to 70 age group than among the 50 to 60 age group. Interviewer: In other words, theres no more mental illness, for example, among the 60s to 70s than among the 50s to 60s. Professor McKay: Right, and why should there be? Why should we expect people to suddenly change when they reach their
28、60th or 65th birthday any more than they did when they reached their 2P? Interviewer: But one would expect thered be more physical illness among old people, surely. Professor McKay: Why should one expect this? After all, those people who reach the age of 65 or 70 are the strongest among us. The weak
29、est are mainly in childhood, then in their forties or riffles. Furthermore, by the time people reach 60 or 65, they have learned how to look after themselves. They keep warm, sleep regular hours and eat sensibly. Of course, some old people do suffer from physical illnesses, but these do not suddenly
30、 develop on their 656 birthday. People who are healthy in middle age tend to be healthy in old age, just as one would expect. Interviewer: Do you find that young people these days are not as concerned about their parents as their parents were about theirs? Professor McKay: We have found nothing that
31、 suggests that family feeling is either dying or dead. There does not appear to be large numbers of young people who are trying, for example, to have their dear old mother locked up in a mental hospital. Interviewer: But dont many parents live apart from their married children than used to be the ca
32、se? Professor McKay: True, but this is because many more young families cannot afford to own their own homes these days than ever before. In other words, parents fred their married children usually live in separate household because they prefer it that way, not because their children refuse to have
33、their mum and dad living with them. Interviewer: Is this a good thing, do you think? Professor McKay: I think its an excellent arrangement. We all like to keep our lives private, even from those we love dearly. I certainly dont think that its fine to increase loneliness in old age. Interviewer: Are
34、peoples mental abilities affected by old age? Professor McKay: Certain changes do take place as we grow older, but this happens throughout life. These changes are very gradual, and happen at different time with different people. But in general, if you know a person well in his little age, and have s
35、een how he deals with events and problems, you would easily recognize him in old age. Interviewer: So that someone who enjoys new experiences-travel, education, and so on in his little years will usually continue to do so into old age? Professor McKay: Exactly. We have carried out some very interest
36、ing experiments, in which a group of people aged 60 to 70 and a group aged 30 to 40 have to learn the same things. The first thing we discovered was that the young group tends to be quicker at learning than the old group. However, although the old group took longer to learn, eventually they performe
37、d as well as the young group. And when we tested the two groups several weeks later, there was again no difference between the two groups. Interviewer: That is very interesting indeed. What else did your experiment show?. Professor McKay: Well, one group of old people agreed to attend evening classe
38、s for a year to study English and mathematics. In fact, most of this group became so interested in their studies that they continued them for another year. Anyway, we discovered that they did best in their English classes and that most of them steadily improved their ability to communicate in both w
39、ritten and spoken language. Interviewer: What about the group who studied mathematics? Professor McKay: Well, thats a different story. There seems to be no doubt that people find maths more difficult as they grow older. Though why is it so, I cannot say. Interviewer: Perhaps the pocket calculators w
40、ill solve this problem. Professor McKay: I think youre fight. In fact, I am sure that you are. Interviewer: Ok, turn for Commercial. Stay tune. Well be right back. 第11题：参考答案：C答案解析：第12题：参考答案：A答案解析：第13题：参考答案：D答案解析：第14题：参考答案：B答案解析：第15题：参考答案：D答案解析：SECTION C In this section you will hear everything ONCE
41、ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.听力原文Scientists to Brazil claim theyve come up with a new way of treating bums. That is with frog skin. Researchers say it is cheap and effective. The frog skin has componen
42、ts that diminish the growth of bacteria, making the wound heal faster and reducing the amount of time the patient has to stay in hospital. Researchers said the method had already been successfully used in some hospitals in Brazil. 第16题：参考答案：B答案解析：听力原文Once a source of high-pitched business activity,
43、Japans Karaoke industry has slowed down. Japanese have less to think about their sustained economic problems. Karaoke phones are now striving to develop new ideas to attract cost-conscious karaoke singers. These include a new high-tech machine that allows people to sing like famous singers and sing-
44、rooms and some of the ancient cartoon figures targeted at the younger crowds. The new Karaoke machine bas been developed by a professor from the U. S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The machine uses a technology called see sound that automatically adjusts the speed and tone of any sound bein
45、g played to match the tempo and speed the singer is using. The tempo can be adjusted manually on conventional karaoke machines, but the new product is the first machine to do it automatically. 第17题：参考答案：D答案解析：听力原文The China Internet network information center said this week the nation online communit
46、y is expanding at a rapid pace, with 8.9 million users added in the first half of the year from January to June. Chinas Internet population hit 68 million by the end of June, the worlds second largest figure after the United States. The figure was 10 million at the end of 2000 and 1. 5 million in 19
47、97. Cyber Space is a force to be reckoned with in China, says Qin Hualing, a senior Internet analyst at the Chinese academy in sciences. Netizens between the age of 18 and 30 are the driving force. They spend 13 hours every week surfing Internet on average. Their major purpose is obtaining informati
48、on or having fun. At the same time, only 0.2 percent listed online shopping, e-business, and online learning as their main activity. As the number of Chinas Internet users grows, so does the junk mail. 8.3 emails out of 16 are junk mail on average. 第18题：参考答案：A答案解析：听力原文China has established itself as one of the worlds great trading nations moving past the UK into the fifth place. New figures from the World Trade Organization (WTO) show
