1、专业英语四级-180及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART DICTATION(总题数：1，分数：40.00)1.Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, th
2、e passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more. Shrinking Fish（分数：40.00）_二、PART L
3、ISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、SECTION A TALK(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Caring for Aging Population1. Countries have the oldest populations in 2050 1 will top the list with 90 million India will come in second with 37 million The U.S. will be third with 2 2. Problems of an increasingly aging world A drop in the
4、3 of life Problems for society and health care systems 3. Caregiver burnout Under financial, physical, and 4 stress Cannot continue doing the care-giving anymore 4. How to reduce the stress Money 5 Having a break 5. In supporting caregivers Sweden and 6 lead the world The U.S. gives 7 support to car
5、egivers than other English-speaking countries 6. Cultural differences in care-giving Its the 8 of families to care for aging members in India and China. Japan offers long-term 9 for families and trains Vietnamese to be healthcare workers Japan has also invented 10 caregivers （分数：30.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空
6、项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_四、SECTION B CONVERSATI(总题数：2，分数：30.00)（分数：15.00）A.By cash.B.By check.C.By a bankcard.D.By a tap-and-go card.A.You have to enter the PIN when using it.B.It has a built-in chip and antenna.C.It is only used in a cafeteria.D.Your personal data may be releas
7、ed while using it.A.The transaction lasts a long time for the machine to check data.B.The payment will be made when you enter the PIN.C.There is a limit to the amount paid with a tap-and-go card.D.The bank covers your loss when the card is stolen.A.You have to remember which finger you have register
8、ed with.B.You can pay with any of your fingers.C.You can pay without entering the PIN.D.Your finger print can be faked.A.Einstein.B.Newton.C.Darwin.D.Shakespeare.（分数：15.00）A.It is a test for people from 15 to 65 years old.B.It is organized every two years.C.It has been conducted for more than 200 ye
9、ars.D.It tests reading, math and science.A.They lagged behind in all subjects.B.They ranked 30th in the test.C.They made great progress.D.They did worst in reading.A.What is possible in education.B.The performance of every individual.C.Which nation attaches more importance to education.D.Which natio
10、n is more talented in study.A.Singapore.B.Japan.C.Poland.D.China.A.Because more importance is attached to education.B.Because students show more respect for their teachers.C.Because teachers earn more money.D.Because people there like to be teachers.专业英语四级-180答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART DICTATI
11、ON(总题数：1，分数：40.00)1.Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phr
12、ase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more. Shrinking Fish（分数：40.00）_正确答案：()解析：听力原文 Although projections of global temperature r
13、ises show / relatively small changes at the bottom of the oceans, / the resulting impacts on fish body size are unexpectedly large, / according to the research conducted by a university in Britain. / As ocean temperatures increase, so do the body temperatures of the fish. / This means they use more
14、oxygen to stay alive / and, according to the researchers, they have less available for growth. / Theyve calculated that up to 2050, / fish will shrink in size by between 14 and 24 percent, / with the Indian and Atlantic Oceans worst affected. 解析 本文主题：全球气候变暖对鱼类的影响。本文是一篇科普类说明文，全文采用现在时和完成时，听写时注意第三人称单数。
15、文中有一些数字和专有名词，听写时需要注意。文中需要注意的较易拼错的单词有“temperature，relatively，unexpectedly，oxygen，available，shrink，Atlantic”，需要注意时态和单复数的单词有“projections，researchers，calculated”。二、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、SECTION A TALK(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Caring for Aging Population1. Countries have the oldest populations in 2050
16、 1 will top the list with 90 million India will come in second with 37 million The U.S. will be third with 2 2. Problems of an increasingly aging world A drop in the 3 of life Problems for society and health care systems 3. Caregiver burnout Under financial, physical, and 4 stress Cannot continue do
17、ing the care-giving anymore 4. How to reduce the stress Money 5 Having a break 5. In supporting caregivers Sweden and 6 lead the world The U.S. gives 7 support to caregivers than other English-speaking countries 6. Cultural differences in care-giving Its the 8 of families to care for aging members i
18、n India and China. Japan offers long-term 9 for families and trains Vietnamese to be healthcare workers Japan has also invented 10 caregivers （分数：30.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：China。）解析： China。 听力原文 Caring for Aging PopulationHello, everyone. Today we are going to talk about aging population and the caring work
19、 for them. We know that people are living longer everywhere in the world. Studies show the average age of the human population is rising. According to the latest number from World Health Organization, in 2050, China will be the country with the largest population aged 80 years or over with 90 millio
20、n. India will come in second with 37 million. And the U.S. will be third with 32 million. Other countries with the largest populations of the 80 and older crowd will be Japan, Brazil, Germany, France, Italy, Britain and the Russian Federation. The WHO says governments must prepare now to deal with a
21、n increasingly aging world. As people age, they may develop long-term health problems. These disorders may affect their quality of life and create problems for society and health care systems. Caring for an aging population takes both time and money. The responsibility of caring for an older person
22、often falls on family members. And this can create difficulties. Some families experience what we call caregiver burnout, which refers to a caregiver having been under such stressperhaps financial, perhaps physical, certainly emotional stressthat he or she cannot continue doing the care-giving anymo
23、re. And the condition can affect a person in many ways. So people need several things to reduce the stress of caring for aging or disabled family members. These things include money, medical training and sometimes just giving the caregiver a break. Studies have found that Sweden and Finland lead the
24、 world in supporting caregivers, while the U.S. is far behind other English-speaking countries in giving families support for caring for sick and aging family members. Britain, Australia, New Zealand and Ireland do a better job than the United States in terms of their support to caregivers, for all
25、four countries have strong government-supported caregiver programs. Families can get financial help and resources to help them care for elderly family members as well as disabled children. However, in some cultures, it is the familys responsibility to care for aging family members. So, even the word
26、 caregiver does not exist in many cultures. In India, there are so many middle-class Indian people especially young people who have moved to Australia or the U.K. or the U.S. and the parents are still living back in India. They just send money back. It is similar in China. Actually China passed a la
27、w saying that adult children must send money back to support the family. And theyve started implementing this law now. However, the situation in Japan is far different. Japan offers long-term insurance for families and they also have a tradition of family care-giving. But they do not have a group of
28、 care-giving organizations that work together. Japan has a lack of young people to care for its aging population. To answer that problem, Japan has sometimes turned to other countries to train people to work in healthcare. For example, they train Vietnamese to work as healthcare workers for aging po
29、pulations in Japan. Besides, scientists in Japan have also invented robot caregivers, which are designed, for instance, to move patients from a bed to a wheelchair. Ok, having talked about the aging population, caregiver burnout and cultural differences in care-giving, I hope that you have got a gen
30、eral understanding of this topic. If you have any questions, do not hesitate to ask me. 解析 推断题。根据录音可知到2050年，世界老龄人口最多的国家是中国。老龄人口数90 million是提示信息。 填空项1:_（正确答案：32 million。）解析： 32 million。解析 数字题。根据上文可知这里应该填入数字，美国的老龄化人口数在2050年为32 million。 填空项1:_（正确答案：quality。）解析： quality。解析 推断题。录音中提到“These disorders may
31、affect their quality of life and create problems for society and health care systems.”可知老龄化的社会会影响生活质量。因此填入quality。 填空项1:_（正确答案：emotional。）解析： emotional。解析 信息题。录音中提到护工怠倦是指护工会有很多压力以致无法继续护理工作。压力包括：“perhaps financial, perhaps physical, certainly emotional stress”，因此这里填入emotional。 填空项1:_（正确答案：Medical tra
32、ining。）解析： Medical training。解析 信息题。根据录音，减轻护理老年人所产生的压力有很多办法，包括：money, medical training and sometimes just giving the caregiver a break，可得答案。 填空项1:_（正确答案：Finland。）解析： Finland。解析 信息题。根据录音“Studies have found that Sweden and Finland lead the world in supporting caregivers.”得到答案Finland。 填空项1:_（正确答案：less。）
33、解析： less。解析 推断题。根据题干中的“than”可知此空要填比较级。根据录音“.the U.S. is far behind other English-speaking countries.”可知美国在护工支持方面比其他国家都少，因此此处应填入less一词。 填空项1:_（正确答案：responsibility。）解析： responsibility。解析 概括题。录音中提到“.in some cultures, it is the familys responsibility to care for aging family members.”而后提到了印度和中国。因此此处填入re
34、sponsibility一词。 填空项1:_（正确答案：insurance。）解析： insurance。解析 细节题，根据录音“Japan offers long-term insurance for families and they also have a tradition of family care-giving.”可知答案。 填空项1:_（正确答案：robot。）解析： robot。解析 细节题。日本的科学家还发明了机器人护工“robot caregivers”。 四、SECTION B CONVERSATI(总题数：2，分数：30.00)（分数：15.00）A.By cash.
35、B.By check.C.By a bankcard.D.By a tap-and-go card.解析：听力原文 M: Hello Betty, have you got two pounds? I forgot my wallet and I need a coffee. Ive only got these pennies. W: Sorry, Jack. I always use my bankcard in the cafeteria. M: You use a card to buy coffee? W: Yes. Its a tap-and-go card, so its qui
36、ckyou dont enter a PIN numberand everyone in the coffee queue uses them. except you. M: Well, I pay for things with money! W: There are different kinds of money. Youre still digging around in your pockets for change, Jack. I suppose you still use cheques? M: Yes, I do. Cheques are very useful. So he
37、lp me keep up, Betty. Whats a tap-and-go card? I thought you were talking about your regular bankcard. W: Well, tap-and-go cards are regular bankcards but with a built-in chip and antenna. The card reader sends out a radio frequency and when you bring the card close to the reader, the antenna picks
38、up the signal to make the payment. M: Hmm. This antenna business doesnt sound securean antenna is used for sending or receiving radio signals. Doesnt it mean your personal data is flying around for anyone to steal? W: Nothings flying around! At less than half a second per transaction, theres no time
39、 for anyone to steal your cash! M: What if someone steals my card? W: Each contactless payment is limited to a certain amountthe UKs limit is 30. After youve used your card a few times in a row, you have to enter your PIN. Whereas, if someone steals your banknotes, thats your bad luck! M: OK, good p
40、oints. W: And there is new technology coming. If getting your bankcard out seems like too much trouble, theres a solution. For those times when not even carrying a card is convenientat the beach or a festival for examplethe fingo-pay system reads the unique maps of veins under the surface of your fi
41、nger. The trick is remembering which finger you registered with. M: Sounds interesting. W: This high-tech stuff is amazing! Some day soon we wont have to carry a wallet or a purse or anything. The veins in our finger will authenticate paymentsand prove the payments are ours. I cant wait! M: Hmm. But
42、 it still sounds a bit too sci-fi for my liking. I still prefer banknotes. W: Alright then. I have a question for you. Do you know which mans face appears on a UK ten pound note? M: I only know the Queen. W: Yes, the Queen is on one side, but on the other side of each note is an important historical
43、 figure. M: Oh really? Ive never noticed. Is it Albert Einstein? W: No, Einstein was German, not British. M: Then Ill go for Isaac Newton. Hes a historical figure. W: Actually its Charles Darwin. Isaac Newton was on the old one pound note which is no longer used. How does the man want to pay for his
44、 coffee? 解析 观点题。问题是男士打算以何种方式付款买咖啡。谈话中男士问女士：“.have you got two pounds? I forgot my wallet and I need a coffee. Ive only got these pennies.”，由此可见，他打算付现金买咖啡，所以正确答案为A。A.You have to enter the PIN when using it.B.It has a built-in chip and antenna.C.It is only used in a cafeteria.D.Your personal data may
45、be released while using it.解析：听力原文 Which is true about a tap-and-go card? 解析 辨析题。问题是对tap-and-go card正确的描述。谈话中女士说：“tap-and-go cards are regular bankcards but with a built-in chip and antenna.”，因此答案B正确。该卡可以在咖啡馆使用，但不是仅能在咖啡馆使用，所以C错误，使用时“.you dont enter a PIN number”，所以A错误，而且这种付费方式是安全的，所以D错误。A.The transa
46、ction lasts a long time for the machine to check data.B.The payment will be made when you enter the PIN.C.There is a limit to the amount paid with a tap-and-go card.D.The bank covers your loss when the card is stolen.解析：听力原文 According to the woman, why is a tap-and-go safe to use? 解析 辨析题。问题是如何确保tap-and-go card的安全性。对话中女士说“At le
