1、专业英语四级-183及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART DICTATION(总题数：1，分数：40.00)1.Listening to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings,
2、 the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more. Sight Problems（分数：40.00）_二、PAR
3、T LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、SECTION A TALK(总题数：1，分数：30.00)How to Survive the Heat1. Heat waves can be deadly natures deadliest killer high nighttime temperature puts 1 on human body extreme heat in cars is deadly to 2 2. Heat stress the 3 severe problem linked to hot weather suffer from 4 3. Hea
4、t exhaustion lose too much water through 5 have trouble walking normally produce a fast heartbeat, 6 problems and pain 4. Signs of dehydration problems with 7 mathematic problems 5. Heat stroke the most serious disorder problem linked to hot weather loss of 8 of the body temperature increase in body
5、 temperature and 9 in perspiration 6. Protect yourself and others in extreme heat drink water stay out of the 10 eat fewer hot and heavy foods rest more often （分数：30.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_四、SECTION B CONVERSATI(总题数：2，分数：30.00)（分数：15.00）A.Anti-smoking campaign
6、s.B.Crowded people in the office building.C.Anti-smoking laws.D.Prices of cigarettes.A.Nepal.B.Himalaya.C.Bhutan.D.New Zealand.A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Sarcastic.A.$10.B.$14.C.$13.D.$15.A.Education for young people.B.Raising price of cigarettes.C.Making rules.D.Reducing the production of ci
7、garettes.（分数：15.00）(1). A.6th. B.11th. C.7th. D.9th.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.A.They carved a niche in the market.B.They invited celebrities to be the spokesmen.C.They launched cool products.D.Their products are more trendy.A.The old package is colorless.B.The old package is uninteresting.C.People should pro
8、tect the environment.D.The old package is costly.A.30%.B.20%.C.5%.D.45%.A.3.B.4.C.6.D.7.专业英语四级-183答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART DICTATION(总题数：1，分数：40.00)1.Listening to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at nor
9、mal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then
10、 be given 1 minute to check through your work once more. Sight Problems（分数：40.00）_正确答案：()解析：听力原文 The emphasis on educational achievement may be coming at a heavy price. / Researchers say that hard work at school / plus the lack of exposure to outdoor light / is damaging the eyes of almost nine out o
11、f ten students. / The scientists say that genetic factors, / which are long thought to play a big role in short sightedness, / are not as important as the environment. / They suggest that compulsory time outdoors should be considered / by educational authorities as a way of dealing with the problem.
12、 / 解析 本文主题：学习任务重导致近视。本文是一篇说明文，全文采用现在时。文中需要注意的较易拼错的单词有“emphasis，educational，exposure，genetic，environment，compulsory”，需要注意单复数的单词有“authorities”。二、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、SECTION A TALK(总题数：1，分数：30.00)How to Survive the Heat1. Heat waves can be deadly natures deadliest killer high nighttime t
13、emperature puts 1 on human body extreme heat in cars is deadly to 2 2. Heat stress the 3 severe problem linked to hot weather suffer from 4 3. Heat exhaustion lose too much water through 5 have trouble walking normally produce a fast heartbeat, 6 problems and pain 4. Signs of dehydration problems wi
14、th 7 mathematic problems 5. Heat stroke the most serious disorder problem linked to hot weather loss of 8 of the body temperature increase in body temperature and 9 in perspiration 6. Protect yourself and others in extreme heat drink water stay out of the 10 eat fewer hot and heavy foods rest more o
15、ften （分数：30.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：pressure。）解析： pressure。 听力原文 How to Survive the HeatGood morning, everyone! Today we are going to talk about hot weather, and the problems it can cause. We also will talk about the best ways to prevent and treat problems caused by extreme heat. As we know, floods, storms a
16、nd other natural events kill thousands of people every year. So does extreme heat. In fact, heat may be natures deadliest killer. Several hot days that follow each other are considered a heat wave. Experts say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not drop much past t
17、he highest daytime temperature. This puts great pressure on the human body. Extreme heat can be harmful to very young childrenespecially when they are left in a car. Every year, there are news reports about young children dying after they were left inside cars in the summer sun. The most-common heal
18、th problem linked to hot weather is heat stress. Usually, it is also the least severe. Most people suffer only muscle pain because of heat stress. The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say those suffering muscle pain should stop all activity and rest in a cool place. They
19、should also drink cool liquids. Doctors say not to return to physical activity for a few hours because serious conditions can develop. Untreated heat stress can lead to a more serious problem called heat exhaustion. A person suffering from heat exhaustion loses too much water through perspiration. H
20、e or she will feel weak and extremely tired. They may have trouble walking normally. Heat exhaustion may also produce a fast heartbeat, breathing problems and pain in the head, chest or stomach. Doctors say people with such problems should rest quietly in a cool place and drink plenty of water. They
21、 also say it may help to wash with cool water. Experts say even a two percent drop in the bodys water supply may cause signs of dehydration. These signs include problems with memory and even simple mathematics. The treatment for dehydration exhaustion is the same as for heat exhaustion. Drink plenty
22、 of water and rest in a cool place. Even better, doctors say, drink about two liters of water a day, so problems with dehydration will not have a chance to develop. Heat exhaustion can lead to heat stroke if it is not treated. Heat stroke is the most serious disorder linked to hot weather. It result
23、s when the body is not able to control its temperature. The body temperature increases and perspiration fails. Doctors say actions other than drinking water can protect against the health dangers of heat. Stay out of the sun, if possible. Wear loose, lightweight and light-colored clothes. Wear a hat
24、 or other head coverings when in the sun. Eat fewer hot and heavy foods. If possible, cook foods during cooler times of the day. Also, rest more often. Physical activity produces body heat. OK, after todays talk, I hope that you get these simple steps that can prevent the health problems linked to h
25、eat. They will prevent sickness, help you feel better and may even save your life. 解析 信息题。根据录音可知夜晚的温度如果没有比白天最高温度降下来很多的话，这种热浪是很危险的，它会对人体造成很大压力。 填空项1:_（正确答案：young children。）解析： young children。解析 推断题。根据录音可知，极度高温对于小孩的伤害非常大，每年都有很多关于高温导致被留在车里的小孩死亡的报道。由此可以推断汽车内的高温对于小孩是致命的。填入意为“小孩”的词young children。 填空项1:_（正
26、确答案：least。）解析： least。解析 细节题。根据录音中提到“The most-common health problem linked to hot weather is heat stress, Usually, it is also the least severe.”可知由高温引起的健康问题中，热压抑是最轻微的一种。 填空项1:_（正确答案：muscle pain。）解析： muscle pain。解析 细节题。录音中提到“Most people suffer only muscle pain because of heat stress.”。由于热压，人们会产生肌肉痛。 填
27、空项1:_（正确答案：perspiration。）解析： perspiration。解析 细节题。根据录音，“A person suffering from heat exhaustion loses too much water through perspiration.”，热衰竭是在呼吸过程中流失过量水分。 填空项1:_（正确答案：breathing。）解析： breathing。解析 细节题。根据录音“Heat exhaustion may also produce a fast heartbeat, breathing problems and pain in the head, ch
28、est or stomach.”可得到答案breathing。 填空项1:_（正确答案：memory。）解析： memory。解析 细节题。根据录音“These signs include problems with memory and even simple mathematics.”可知脱水会引起记忆问题，因此此处应填入memory一词。 填空项1:_（正确答案：control。）解析： control。解析 推断题。根据录音heat stroke(中暑)会导致“.the body is not able to control its temperature.”可知中暑使身体失去对体温控
29、制，因此此处填入control一词。 填空项1:_（正确答案：failure。）解析： failure。解析 信息题。根据录音，中暑的时候，体温升高，呼吸功能丧失，“The body temperature increases and perspiration fails.”。因此填入failure一词。 填空项1:_（正确答案：sun。）解析： sun。解析 细节题。根据录音，“Stay out of the sun, if possible.”，应对高温的保护措施包括避开阳光。 四、SECTION B CONVERSATI(总题数：2，分数：30.00)（分数：15.00）A.Anti-s
30、moking campaigns.B.Crowded people in the office building.C.Anti-smoking laws.D.Prices of cigarettes.解析：听力原文 W: I hate walking into our building in the morning!All the smokers stand around the buildings entrance puffing away.I cant take it! Sorry.Im just a little bit worked up. M: Thats okay. I under
31、stand. A lot of people really hate smoking. W: Im glad they banned smoking inside the office, but I wish I didnt have to smell it while walking on the street. It makes me feel nauseous. I simply cant understand why a person would want to smoke. M: Well.I used to smoke. I quit about 20 years ago. W:
32、Yeah.I would assume at this point in historyespecially given what we know about the dangers of smokingmost people would have quit already! M: You know the saying, Old habits die hard. I think I would add that bad habits die even harder. You know, you could always move to Bhutan. W: Bhutan? I dont th
33、ink Ive ever heard of it. M: Its a small kingdom located in the Himalayan Mountains.near Nepal. In 2004, Bhutan banned tobacco altogether. W: Cool! Did it work? If I go to Bhutan, will I never smell cigarette smoke? M: Actually.no. I read a recent report that said there were a lot of loopholes in th
34、e law.and if you go to restaurants and bars youll still see lots of people lighting up. W: (Sighs) So I guess I just have to learn to put up with it. M: Things are changing, however. Smoking rates are dropping all around the world. Just the other day there was a newspaper report that said New Zealan
35、d was raising prices on a pack of cigarettes to US$15 by the year 2016! W: US$15!? Wow! Thats really expensive. But is there any proof that high prices are a deterrent? M: There have been quite a few studies that show that every time a country raises cigarette taxes and prices, a certain percentage
36、of smokers quit. W: I see. The high prices act as the straw that broke the camels back. Smokers that have been meaning to quit see the price increase and it gives them a little push. M: Yeah. But on the other hand, prices are already quite high in many places. A pack of cigarettes in London costs ab
37、out US$10. in New York a pack costs roughly 8 dollars. and in Norway its already around $14.but I was in London not that long ago and I saw plenty of smokers! W: Yeah. The last time I was in New York there also seemed to be plenty of smokers. I guess there are some people who are wealthy enough to a
38、fford whatever price. M: Definitely. I think the best way forward is to push education efforts for young people. If we can convince the next generation that smoking isnt cool, eventually we might be able to eradicate smoking. W: I suppose youre right. What is the main topic of the conversation? 解析 归
39、纳题。从录音一开始女士就表达了对到处都是烟味的厌恶“I hate walking into our building in the morning!All the smokers stand around the buildings entrance puffing away.I cant take it!”，后面对话提到关于禁烟的问题。C是迷惑答案，对话不止提到了禁烟的法律，所以A比较全面，是正确答案。A.Nepal.B.Himalaya.C.Bhutan.D.New Zealand.解析：听力原文 Which country banned tobacco in 2004? 解析 信息题。录
40、音中提到“In 2004, Bhutan banned tobacco altogether.”。只要注意年份并不难听出答案。A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Sarcastic.解析：听力原文 What is the mans attitude towards the anti-smoking law? 解析 态度题。考查男士对禁烟法律的态度，根据录音中提到“Actuall.no. I read a recent report that said there were a lot of loopholes in the law.and if you go t
41、o restaurants and bars youll still see lots of people lighting up.”可知，禁烟法律有一些漏洞，在公共场合如餐厅、酒吧还是有人在抽烟，所以态度是消极的。A.$10.B.$14.C.$13.D.$15.解析：听力原文 How much will New Zealands price be on a pack of cigarette in 2016? 解析 细节题。根据录音中“New Zealand was raising prices on a pack of cigarettes to US$15 by the year 201
42、6!”可知，所以D是答案。A.Education for young people.B.Raising price of cigarettes.C.Making rules.D.Reducing the production of cigarettes.解析：听力原文 Which one is the best way of banning smoking according to the conversation? 解析 信息题。当提到解决办法时，说话者说“I think the best way forward is to push education efforts for young
43、people. If we can convince the next generation that smoking isnt cool, eventually we might be able to eradicate smoking.”。所以加强对年轻人的教育是最好的办法。B和C录音中都提到了，但不是最佳解决办法，D在录音中没有提到。（分数：15.00）(1). A.6th. B.11th. C.7th. D.9th.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.解析：听力原文 W: Frank, we just got our sales figures in and the numbers ar
44、e very disappointing. Whats going on here? M: I havent actually seen the new figures. How far have we fallen? W: We were in the sixth place at the beginning of the year and now weve slipped to the eleventh! Thats a considerable drop. M: Wow, thats really bad news. Maybe we should brainstorm some ide
45、as for a radical reinvention of our sales and marketing plan. W: Yeah, lets do that fight now. What do you think the problem is? M: Well, it seems our competitors have managed to carve a niche in the market. They are now perceived as more cool or trendy than we are. Perhaps we should consider getting some celebrity endorsements. W: You mean like a rock star or a famous sports figure? M: Yeah, that might help. The person has to be seen as kind of a rebel so we can associate our bran
