1、专业英语四级-试卷653及答案解析 (总分：160.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、DICTATION(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the secon
2、d and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.（分数：2.00）_二、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：6，分数：40.00)3.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIO
3、N_4.SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the bla
4、nk sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task._Mass Strandings of Whales1. The tide goes out suddenly,【T1】 1 the whales【T1】 22. Mass strandings linked to parasitesa. Evidence: Stranded animals infested with many parasitesb. Example: Worms found in the ears of dead
5、whalesWhales rely heavily on their hearing to 【T2】 3【T2】 4This type of infestation can be very harmful3. Mass strandings related to toxins or poisonsToxins【T3】 5 from plants or animals 【T3】 6The whale ingests these toxinsWhether leading to stranding or not depends upon the toxin【T4】 7【T4】 84. Mass s
6、trandings caused by following their prey ashoreExample:【T5】 9whales beached after following the squid ashore 【T5】 10Not true for most mass strandingsThe animals stomach【T6】 11 reveal most had not been feeding 【T6】 125. Mass strandings linked to humansA growing concern: loud【T7】 13made by humans caus
7、e strandings 【T7】 14Noises caused by【T8】 15are of particular concern【T8】 166. Mass strandings related to group【T9】 17 【T9】 18Whales follow【T10】 19 leaders ashore【T10】 20（分数：20.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(2).【T2】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(3).【T3】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(4).【T4】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(5).【T5】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(6).【T
8、6】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(7).【T7】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(8).【T8】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(9).【T9】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(10).【T10】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_5.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the q
9、uestions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions._A.A trainee nurse.B.A resident
10、 doctor.C.A researcher of AIDS.D.An advisor to nurses.A.Because she quarreled with Susan someday.B.Because Susan hasnt taught her the facts about HIV and AIDS.C.Because she doesnt like Susan to wear protective clothing.D.Because she fears that Susan will get virus in her car.A.They dont care what jo
11、b she does.B.They have bad feelings about her job.C.They think it is a good job.D.They have no worries about the job.A.Isolate them completely.B.Watch them carefully.C.Treat them with respect.D.Provide them with nutritious food.A.Sharing bodily fluids with an AIDS patient.B.Shaking hands with an AID
12、S patient.C.Serving meals to an AIDS patient.D.Staying very close to an AIDS patient.A.The one whos over 50.B.The one whos over 90.C.The one whos over 80.D.The one whos over 100.A.How to become an active and healthy centenarian.B.What diet the centenarians have to stay health.C.What exercises the ce
13、ntenarians have to stay health.D.What hobbies the centenarians have to stay health.A.Optimism, activity and mobility.B.Optimism, exercise and genetics.C.Diet, exercise and genetics.D.Exercise and genetics and mobility.A.The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.B.The centenarians basically
14、eating something different.C.The centenarians eat low-calorie, low-fat diet.D.The centenarians eat spicy food and drink whisky.A.Commitment to interesting things.B.The urge for unconventional sports.C.The ability to cope with loss.D.The ability to lose weight.三、LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE(总题数：21，分数：42.00)6.P
15、ART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.（分数：2.00）_7.We should open the windows often to let _ in.（分数：2.00）A.the
16、fresh airB.fresh airC.a fresh airD.fresh the air8.Mr. Lee would rather we _ now, but we must go to work.（分数：2.00）A.didnt leaveB.dont leaveC.not leaveD.hadnt left9.In Would you pass me the dictionary ?, the underlined part is _ of the sentence.（分数：2.00）A.the subjectB.the direct objectC.the complement
17、D.the indirect object10.John turned a deaf ear to his mothers suggestion, _ he knew it to be valuable.（分数：2.00）A.as ifB.now thatC.even thoughD.so that11.Which of the following sentences indicates COMMAND?（分数：2.00）A.You must have told her the truth.B.You must be Mr. Smith.C.All men must die.D.You mus
18、t do it again.12.Which of the following is INCORRECT?（分数：2.00）A.Tom suggested that we leave earlier.B.Tom suggested that we should leave earlier.C.Tom suggested leaving earlier.D.Tom suggested us to leave earlier.13.Now that you have come you_ as well stay.（分数：2.00）A.canB.shouldC.needD.may14.What do
19、es it refer to in the sentence I think it important to achieve an agreement on this issue?（分数：2.00）A.IB.an agreementC.the issueD.to achieve an agreement15.In the sentence The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city , the underlined part is _.（分数：2.00）A.the appositive clauseB.the a
20、ttributive clauseC.the object clauseD.the subject clause16._ you say is of no use now.（分数：2.00）A.No matter whichB.No matter whatC.WhichD.Whatever17.The firemen managed to _ the fire in time.（分数：2.00）A.put offB.put downC.put outD.put up18.The current investment _ in our country are favorable, so a lo
21、t of foreign investors have come.（分数：2.00）A.conditionsB.weatherC.situationD.state19.We have to raise our prices because of the increase in the cost of_ materials.（分数：2.00）A.primitiveB.roughC.originalD.raw20.The law on drinking and driving is _ stated.（分数：2.00）A.extravagantlyB.empiricallyC.exceptiona
22、llyD.explicitly21.Critics believe that the control of television by mass advertising has_ the quality of the programs.（分数：2.00）A.lessenedB.declinedC.affectedD.effected22.Ive forgotten his name, but may be itll _ me later.（分数：2.00）A.come toB.come throughC.come overD.come about23.Hotel guests are requ
23、ested to _ their rooms by twelve noon.（分数：2.00）A.departB.abandonC.vacateD.displace24.The witness testimony is not _ with what he said earlier.（分数：2.00）A.simultaneousB.practicalC.consistentD.relevant25.I must _ your farewell right now, but on some future occasion, I hope to see you again.（分数：2.00）A.r
24、elayB.bidC.sendD.deliver26.Its raining. There is a _ possibility that she wont come.（分数：2.00）A.distinctB.distinctiveC.distinguishableD.distinguished四、CLOZE(总题数：2，分数：40.00)27.PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding
25、 blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.（分数：20.00）_A. inappropriate B. attend C. slips D. track E. financeF. unchangeable G. organize H. participate I. formal J. as much asK. slides L schedules M. calls for N. trail O. punctuality Americans believe time is a limited resource; they try to conserve a
26、nd manage it. People in the U.S. often 1 seminars or read books on time management. It seems they all want to 2their time better. Professionals carry around pocket plannerssome in electronic formto keep 3of appointments and deadlines. People do all they can to squeeze more life out of their time. Th
27、e early American hero Benjamin Franklin expressed this view best: Do you love life? Then do not waste time, for that is the stuff life is made of. To Americans, 4is a way of showing respect for other peoples time. Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually 5an apology, and maybe an ex
28、planation. People who are running late often call ahead to let others know of the delay. Of course, the less 6the situation, the less important it is to be exactly on time. At informal get-togethers, for example, people often arrive 730 minutes past the appointed time. But they usually dont try that
29、 at work. To outsiders, Americans seem tied to the clock. People in other cultures value relationships more than 8. In these societies, people dont try to control time, but to experience it. Many Eastern cultures, for example, view time as a cycle. The rhythm of naturefrom the passing of the seasons
30、 to the monthly cycle of the moonshapes their view of events. People learn to respond to their environment. As a result, they find it easier to go with the flow than Americans, who like plans to be fixed and 9. Even Americans would admit that no one can master time. Time, like money, 10all too easil
31、y through our fingers. And time, like the weather, is very hard to predict. Nevertheless, time is one of lifes most precious gifts. And unwrapping it is half the fun.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_五、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：10，分数：30.00)29.PART V READING COMPREH
32、ENSION_30.SECTION AIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer._(l)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the
33、 classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguel
34、y termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking. (2)Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on
35、intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness. (3)Isenbergs recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers intuition is neither of
36、 these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking
37、 practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha! experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executi
38、ves are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition t
39、o bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes patterns. (4)One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable fro
40、m acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a prob
41、lematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.（分数：6.00）(1).The classical model of decision analysis includes all EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.evaluation of a problemB.establishment of clear goals to be reached by the decisionC.action undertaken in order to discover more infor
42、mation about a problemD.comparison of the probable effects of different solutions to a problem(2).How the writers on management understand intuition can be best described as _.（分数：2.00）A.contradictoryB.irrationalC.insightfulD.vague(3).In the authors view, senior managers do NOT use intuition to _.（分
43、数：2.00）A.speed up the creation of a solution to a problemB.identify a problemC.specify clear goalsD.evaluate possible solutions to a problem(l)More and more of the worlds supply of seafood is coming from farms. (2)Although 80% of the worlds seafood comes from marine harvests, there is a major shift under way toward aquaculture now. (3)Nearly 40% of salmon marketed today are raised in captivity, compared with 6% a decade ago. Forty percent of all clams, oysters, and mussels are produced in farm environments, along with 65% of fr
