1、专业英语四级分类模拟278及答案解析 (总分：99.90，做题时间：90分钟)一、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：2，分数：100.00)SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are four passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the on
2、e that you think is the best answer. PASSAGE ONE Many generations ago, the Iroquois people lived in a state of perpetual war throughout their homelands in what is now New York State. Even though the Iroquois were the closest of relatives, they were merciless in their battles against each other. The
3、people lived in a state of fear so over-whelming that they refused to leave their fenced villages without a heavy guard. Hastily planted crops were often left to decay in the tilling fields because of frequent raids, while ambushes in the nearby forests prevented the men from hunting, resulting in w
4、idespread starvation. Many Iroquois abandoned their homes, with some seeking refuge north of Lake Ontario. In one of these bands of refugees, a very special child was born. The Iroquois came to know him as Skennenrahowi, which means Peacemaker in the Mohawk language. When Skennenrahowi grew to be a
5、young man who stuttered, he informed his family that he was to undertake the great mission given to him by the Creator: to carry the Great Law of Peace to all Iroquois people. He was to return to Iroquois territory with a message of hope that would end warfare among the People of the Longhouse: the
6、five Iroquois bands of Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas and Senecas. He departed from the Bay of Quinte in a canoe he had built, crossing broad Lake Ontario like a great bolt of lightning. Once he reached the eastern shore of the take, he encountered two hunters and told them that a new day woul
7、d arrive when warfare among the Iroquois would end. He began his travels, soon entering Seneca territory, where he encountered a powerful female leader named Jikonsahseh. Through reason and his good mind, he persuaded her to embrace the Great Law of Peace. In return for her conversion, Skennenrahowi
8、 established the role of clan mother, which gave Iroquois women political and social power without parallel in the world. Skennenrahowi made his way east where he met Aiionwatha (Hiawatha), a leader of the Onondaga Nation. Aiionwatha, a great orator, was also convinced to accept the Great Law by bec
9、oming Skennenrahowis principal disciple. Others were alarmed by the new way, including another Onondaga leader, Tadodaho, a severely deformed man who was known for his treachery. Tadodaho decided to break the spirit of Aiionwatha by having the peace advocates seven daughters killed. It is said Aiion
10、wathas grief over their death was so great that it caused the animals to flee before him. After wandering mindlessly for days, Aiionwatha came to a small lake. Aiionwatha picked up snail shells that he made into a string, declaring that he would only heal when someone took the string and spoke words
11、 of condolence that he needed to hear. Those words were stuttered by Skennenrahowi, the Peacemaker. With the shells he collected, Aiionwatha developed wampum, a sacred memory device subsequently used to record Iroquois history, which includes their Great Law of Peace. PASSAGE TWO Twenty years ago, a
12、 tall young woman with a shy smile flubbed her lines before millions of people and became a superstar. On July 29, 1981, Lady Diana Spencer took Philip Charles Arthur Georgeshe mangled the order of Prince Charles names during her vowsas her lawful wedded husband and entered a family hidebound by var
13、ious rules and practices no outsider could fathom. Diana, with her photogenic good looks, her sympathetic gestures and an air of vulnerability, seemed much more relaxed than the other royals, and much more accessible. She instantly clicked with the public, who couldnt get enough of her. Newspaper ed
14、itors found the public was eager to lap up articles about Diana, her clothes, her style, her public engagements, how she was raising her two young sons. The 80s, says Houston, were the Decade of Diana. Then in June 1992, the carefully constructed facade imploded with the publication of Andrew Morton
15、s Diana: Her True Story. The bookwritten with Dianas cooperationexposed the princesss battles with bulimia and depression, and reviled Charles as an unfaithful husband. The revelations of Charles relationship with a married woman, Camilla Parker Bowles, sent the Prince of Wales popularity plummeting
16、 . But the revelations of Dianas problems did not decrease the publics affection for her. It only increased their appetite to know more. The tabloid fodder kept coming. There was the royal separation, the two camps attempts to win the public, the televised admissions by both Charles and Diana of adu
17、ltery. After the divorce became final, in 1996, the media continued to follow Dianas every move. And then, on Aug. 31, 1997, came the car crash in a Paris tunnel that claimed her life. The massive outpouring of public grief made the Windsors sit up and take notice. The amazing eruption or emotion ov
18、er her death got through to them that their world has had to change, says Houston. The person who really got the message was Prince Charles, who witnessed not only the public reaction but the grief of his own sons, William and Harry. One of the great discussions, especially since Dianas death, is, h
19、ow does the House of Windsor modernize itself.9 says Houston. They certainly learned the lessons from the decade of Diana in terms of accessibility, discarding some of the more pompous aspects of formality. He says, One of the greatest challenges the royal family faces is to overcome the apathy, how
20、- ever, the future looks bright for the royals. I think theyve got a trump card in William . PASSAGE THREE The House of Lords has a charm few people seem able to resist. The more cut-off it becomes from everyday life, the greater its attraction for weary businessmen and politicians. On the road out-
21、side the word Peers is painted across the car-park in large white letters. Inside a tall ex-Guards-man directs you through the vaulted entrance hall, past a long row of elaborate gothic coat-hooks, each one labeled, beginning with the royal dukesone of the many features of the building reminiscent o
22、f a school. Upstairs you come to a series of high, dark rooms, with gothic woodwork and carved ceilings. A life-size white marble statue of the young Queen Victoria watches elderly peers sitting at tables writing letters on gothic writing paper. Doors lead off to long dining-rooms, one for guests, a
23、nother for peers only and to a large bar looking over the river, which serves drinks all day and sells special House of Lords cigarettes. Other closed doors are simply marked Peersan embarrassing ambiguity for lady peers, for peers can mean the Lords equivalent of gentlemen. There is an atmosphere o
24、f contented old age. The rooms are full of half-remembered faces of famous men or politicians one hadhow shall one put itforgotten were still around. There is banter between left-wing peers and right-wing peers and a great deal of talk about operation and ailments and nursing homes. Leading off the
25、man ante-room is the chamber itselfthe fine flower of the Victorian romantic style. It is small, only eighty feet long. Stained glass windows shed a dark red light, and rows of statues look down from the walls. On either side are long red-leather sofas with dark wooden choir stalls at the back. Betw
26、een the two sides is the Woolsack, the traditional seat of the Lord Chancellor, stuffed with bits of wool from all over the Commonwealth. At the far end is an immense gold canopy, with twenty-foot high candlesticks in the middle, and throne from which the monarch opens Parliament. Leaning back, on t
27、he sofa, whispering, putting their feet up, listening, fumbling with papers, making notes or simply sleeping, are the peers. On a full day, which is rare, you can see them in their groups: bishops, judges, industrial peers. But usually there are only a handful of peers sitting in the room. Though si
28、nce peers have been paid three guineas for attending, there are often an average of 110 peers in an afternoon. In the imposing surroundings it is sometimes difficult to remember how unimportant the Lords are. The most that the Lords can do now is delay a bill a year, and any money bill they can dela
29、y for only a month. Their main impact comes from the few inches of space in next mornings papers. The Prime Minister can create as many peers as he likes and, though to carry out the threat would be embarrassing, the nightmare is real enough to bring the peers to heel. PASSAGE FOUR One of the good t
30、hings for men in womens liberation is that men no longer have to pay women the old-fashioned courtesies. In an article on the new manners, Ms. Holmes says that a perfectly able woman no longer has to act helplessly in public as if she were a model. For example, she doesnt need help getting in and ou
31、t of cars. Women get in and out of cars twenty times a day with babies and dogs. Surely they can get out by themselves at night just as easily. She also says there is no reason why a man should walk on the outside of a woman on the side-walk. Historically, the man walked on the inside so he caught t
32、he garbage thrown out of a window. Today a man is supposed to walk on the outside. A man should walk where he wants to. So should a woman. If, out of love and respect, he actually wants to take the blows, he should walk on the in-sidebecause thats where attackers are all hiding these days. As far as
33、 manners are connected, I supposed I have always been a supporter of womens liberation. Over the years, out of a sense of respect, I imagine, I have refused to trouble women with out-dated courtesies. It is usually easier to follow rules of social behaviour than to depend on ones own taste. But rule
34、s may be safely broken, of course, by those of us with the gift of natural grace. For example, when a man and woman are led to their table in a restaurant and the waiter pulls out a chair, the woman is expected to sit in the chair. That is according to Ms. Ann Clark. I have always done it the other
35、way, according to my wife. It came up only the other night. I followed the hostess to the table, and when she pulled the chair out I sat on it, quite naturally, since it happened to be the chair I wanted to sit in. Well, my wife said, when the hostess had gone, you did it again. Did what? I asked, u
36、tterly confused. Took the chair. Actually, since Id walked through the restaurant ahead of my wife, it would have been awkward, I should think, not to have taken the chair. I had got there first, after all. Also, it has always been my custom to get in a car first, and let the woman get in by herself
37、. This is a courtesy I insist on as the stronger sex, out of love and respect. In times like these, there might be attackers hidden about. It would be unsuitable to put a woman in a car and then shut the door on her, leaving her at the mercy of some bad fellow who might be hiding in the back seat.（分
38、数：49.95）(1).Before the birth of Skennenrahowi, the Iroquois people could best be described as -|_|-. (PASSAGE ONE)（分数：3.33）A.formidableB.valiantC.idleD.deprived(2).When Skennenrahowi grew to be a young man, he believed -|_|-. (PASSAGE ONE)（分数：3.33）A.he was born with the mission of peacemakingB.the I
39、roquois people were tired of warsC.he was destined to be the leader of the Iroquois peopleD.the Iroquois people deserved a better life(3).After Aiionwathas daughters were killed, he -|_|-. (PASSAGE ONE)（分数：3.33）A.decided to become Skennenrahowis discipleB.was overwhelmed by griefC.declared war on Ta
40、dodahoD.became doubtful of the Great Law of Peace(4).The public found that Diana was -|_|- than the other royals. (PASSAGE TWO)（分数：3.33）A.more gracefulB.more kind-heartedC.less forbiddingD.less sensitive(5).What influence has been brought by the publication of Diana: Her True Story? (PASSAGE TWO)（分数
41、：3.33）A.It brought an end to the Decade of Diana.B.It put Diana through bulimia and depression.C.The publics love for Charles diminished.D.The public poured criticism on Charles.(6).By saying theyve got a trump card in William (Para. 10), Houstons is most likely to mean that William will -|_|-. (PAS
42、SAGE TWO)（分数：3.33）A.confront the challenges bravelyB.overcome the apathy very soonC.lead the royals to a bright futureD.remind the royals of his mother(7).Many members of the House of Lord are -|_|-. (PASSAGE THREE)（分数：3.33）A.well-known politicians and famous TV personalitiesB.distinguished and cele
43、brated politiciansC.notorious and remarkable menD.men who have dropped out of the world in which they became well-known(8).The only real influence the peers have now is -|_|-. (PASSAGE THREE)（分数：3.33）A.to delay money bills for one year if they dont agree with themB.that their speeches can affect pub
44、lic opinion through the newspapersC.that they can make the Prime Minister nervous if they threaten not to agree to his billsD.that they can refuse to accept any government act for one year(9).It can be concluded from the passage that -|_|-. (PASSAGE FOUR)（分数：3.33）A.men should walk on the inside of a
45、 sidewalkB.women are becoming more capable than beforeC.in womens liberation men are also liberatedD.its safe to break rules of social behaviour(10).He took the chair for all the following reasons EXCEPT that -|_|-. (PASSAGE FOUR)（分数：3.33）A.he got to the chair firstB.he happened to like the seatC.hi
46、s wife ordered him to do soD.hed walked ahead of his wife(11).SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words. Which Iroquois tribe was Skennenrahowi born to?. (PASSAGE ONE)（分数
47、：3.33）(12).What does plummenting (Para. 5) most probably mean in the context? (PASSAGE TWO)（分数：3.33）(13).How does the author feel about House of Lords? (PASSAGE THREE)（分数：3.33）(14).Where can you get special House of Lords cigarettes? (PASSAGE THREE)（分数：3.33）(15).Whats the authors tone in this passag
48、e when he discusses the question of manners and womens liberation? (PASSAGE FOUR)（分数：3.33）SECTION C MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are four passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. PASSAGE ONE If you didnt know any better, you might mistake the Newark Earth
