1、Designation: D4112 02 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Performance Specification forWoven Umbrella Fabrics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4112; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This performance specification covers woven fabricscomprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used inumbrellas.1.2
3、These requirements apply to both the length and widthdirections for those properties where fabric direction is perti-nent.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4、priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD434 Test Method for Resistance to Slippage of Yarns inWoven Fabrics Using a Standard Seam (Withdrawn2003)3D1284
5、Test Method for Test for Relaxation and Consolida-tion Dimensional Changes of Stabilized Knit Wool Fab-rics (Withdrawn 1990)3D1336 Test Method for Distortion of Yarn in Woven FabricsD1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics byFalling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) ApparatusD2261 Test Method for T
6、earing Strength of Fabrics by theTongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)D2262 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabricsby the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-Traverse Tensile Testing Machine) (Withdrawn 1995)3D5034 Test Method for Break
7、ing Strength and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Grab Test)2.2 AATCC Test Methods:48 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method16 Colorfastness to Light22 Water Repellency: Spray Test23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes35 Water Resistance: Rain Test109 Colorfastness to Ozone in the Atmosphere U
8、nder LowHumidities116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical CrockmeterMethod129 Colorfastness to Ozone in the Atmosphere Under HighHumidities172 Colorfastness to Non-Chlorine Bleach in Home Laun-dering188 Colorfastness to Chlorine Bleach in Home LaunderingEvaluation Procedure No. 1 Gray Scale f
9、or Color ChangeEvaluation Procedure No. 2 Gray Scale for StainingEvaluation Procedure No. 3 AATCC Chromatic Transfer-ence Scale2.3 Federal Standard:516 CFR, Chapter IIConsumer Product Safety CommissionSubchapter DFlammable Fabrics Act Regulations2.4 Military Standard:6MIL-STD-105D Sampling Procedure
10、s and Tables for In-spection by AttributesNOTE 1Reference to test methods in this specification give only thepermanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other testmethods. The current editions of each test method cited shall prevail.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of tex
11、tile terms used in this specifica-tion refer to the individual ASTM and AATCC methods and toTerminology D123.1This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM CommitteeD13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on HomeFurnishings.Current edition approved
12、Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4112 02. DOI:10.1520/D4112-02R08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards vol
13、ume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/
14、www.aatcc.org.5Available from Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.6Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C7
15、00, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesNOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information13.2 Definitions found in a dictionary of common terms aresuitable for this specification
16、.4. Specification Requirements4.1 The properties of woven fabrics for umbrellas shallconform to the specification requirements in Table 1.5. Significance and Use5.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier,fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of therequirements listed in Ta
17、ble 1 of this specification.5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aestheticsthe ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics mayfind acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of therequirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of therequirements listed in Table 1 may be
18、 modified upon agree-ment between the purchaser and the supplier.5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shallspecify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D4112except for the following characteristic(s).”5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reachedbetween the purchaser
19、 and the supplier, and in case ofcontroversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended tobe used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumerdemands dictate varying performance parameters for anyparticular style of fabric.5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties andmethod
20、s are discussed in the appropriate sections of thespecified methods.6. Sampling6.1 Lot SampleAs a lot sample for acceptance testing, takeat random the number of rolls as directed in an applicablespecification or other agreement between the purchaser and thesupplier, such as an agreement to use MIL-S
21、TD-105D.6.2 Laboratory SampleFrom each roll or piece in the lotsample, cut two laboratory samples the full width of the fabricand at least 375 mm (15 in.) along the selvage.7. Test Methods (see Note 1)7.1 Breaking ForceDetermine the dry breaking force asdirected in Test Method D5034, using a constan
22、t rate oftraverse (CRT) tensile testing machine with the speed of thepulling clamp at 300 6 10 mm (12 6 0.5 in.)/min.NOTE 2If preferred, the use of a constant-rate-of-extension (CRE)testing machine is permitted. The crosshead speed should be as agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier. Ther
23、e may be no overallcorrelation between the results obtained with the CRT machine and theCRE machine. Consequently, these two breaking-load testers cannot beused interchangeably. In case of controversy, the CRT machine shallprevail.7.2 Resistance to Yarn SlippageDetermine the resistanceto yarn slippa
24、ge as directed in Test Method D434.NOTE 3The precision of Test Method D434 is being established, andit may not be suitable for fabrics with low-yarn counts in terms of endsand picks per inch (see 5.2).7.3 Yarn DistortionDetermine the yarn distortion as di-rected in Test Method D1336.7.4 Tear Strengt
25、hDetermine the tear strength as directedin Test Method D2262.NOTE 4If preferred, the use of Test Methods D1424 and D2261 ispermitted with existing requirements as given in this specification. Theremay be no overall correlation between the results obtained with thetongue-tear machines and the Elmendo
26、rf machine. Consequently, thesetear testers cannot be used interchangeably. In case of controversy, TestMethod D2262 shall prevail.7.5 Colorfastness:7.5.1 GasDetermine the colorfastness to Burnt GasFumes (on the original fabric and after one laundering) asdirected in AATCC Method 23 after 1 cycle.7.
27、5.2 LightDetermine the colorfastness to light as directedin AATCC Method 16.NOTE 5There are distinct differences in spectral distribution betweenthe various types of machines listed in AATCC Test Method 16, with nooverall correlations between them. Consequently, these machines cannotbe used intercha
28、ngeably. In case of controversy, results obtained with theWater-Cooled Xenon-Arc machine listed in Option E shall prevail.TABLE 1 Specification RequirementsNOTE 1Class for color change and color transfer is based on anumerical scale of 5 for negligible or no color change or color transfer to1 for se
29、vere color change or color transfer.Characteristic Requirements SectionBreaking strength (load) (CRT): 7.1Dry 154 N (35 lbf), minWet 89 N (20 lbf), minYarn slippage 6-mm (14-in.) separa-tion at67 N (15 lbf), min7.2Yarn distortion: 7.3Satins 2.5 mm (0.10 in.), maxAll other 1 mm (0.05 in.), maxTongue-
30、tear strength 22N(5lbf),min 7.4Colorfastness:Burnt gas fumes1 cycle:Shade change, original fabric Class 4A,min 7.5.1Shade change, after laundering Class 4A,minLight (20 AATCC FU) (xenon-arc) Step 4A,min 7.5.2Chlorine Bleach Class 4A,min 7.5.5Non-Chlorine Bleacn Class 4A,min 7.5.6Crocking: 7.5.3DryWe
31、tClass 4B,minClass 4B,minOzone1 cycle Class 4A,min 7.5.4Dimensional change 3 %, max 7.6Water resistance: 7.7Categories based on minimumtime for 1-g weight increaseat head pressure of:2 ft (600 mm)2 ft (600 mm)3 ft (915 mm)30 s, shower2 minutes, rain5 minutes, stormWater repellency: 7.8Smooth-texture
32、d fabrics:OriginalAfter laundering90 min70 minRough-textured fabrics:Original 80 minAfter laundering 70 minFlammability pass 7.9AAATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.BAATCC Gray Scale for Staining.D4112 02 (2008)27.5.3 CrockingDetermine the colorfastness to crocking asdirected inAATCC Test Method 8 for
33、 solid shades andAATCCTest Method 116 for prints, or as agreed upon between thepurchaser and the supplier.7.5.4 OzoneDetermine the colorfastness to ozone as di-rected in AATCC Method 129.7.5.5 Colorfastness to Chlorine BleachDetermine the col-orfastness to chlorine bleach as directed in AATCCMethod
34、188.7.5.6 Colorfastness to Non-Chlorine BleachDeterminethe colorfastness to non-chlorine bleach as directed in AATCCMethod 172.7.6 Dimensional ChangeDetermine the maximum-dimensional change as directed in Sections 10 and 11 of TestMethods D1284.7.7 Water Resistance (Rain Test)Determine the waterresi
35、stance (rain test) on the original fabric and after launderingas in 7.5 as directed in AATCC Test Method 35.7.8 Resistance to Wetting (Spray Test)Determine the re-sistance to wetting (spray test) on the original fabric and afterlaundering as in 7.5 as directed in AATCC Test Method 22.7.9 Flammabilit
36、yThe flammability requirements shall beas agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier, exceptwhen regulated by applicable Government standards.8. Keywords8.1 fabric; performance; specification; umbrellaASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted
37、in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the
38、responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive ca
39、reful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM Internatio
40、nal, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D4112 02 (2008)3
