1、Designation: D6455 11 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Guide for theSelection of Test Methods for Prefabricated BituminousGeomembranes (PBGMs)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6455; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the selectionof appropriate test methods for prefabric
3、ated bituminous sheetused in geomembrane applications to provide consistency indata reporting.1.2 This guide includes test methods for all types ofprefabricated bituminous geomembranes (PBGMs).1.3 This guide is intended to aid all personnel involved inthe selection, manufacture, or evaluation of pre
4、fabricatedbituminous geomembranes. Field-related evaluation ofPBGMs, including but not limited to seam testing, is beyondthe scope of this guide.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this stand
5、ard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on
6、 Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen(Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)D471 Test Me
7、thod for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expan-sion of Plastics Between 30C and 30C with a VitreousSilica DilatometerD746 Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plasticsand Elastomers by Impa
8、ctD751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTempera
9、tureD1434 Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Char-acteristics of Plastic Film and SheetingD3776/D3776M Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area(Weight) of FabricD4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and RolledErosion Control Products (RECPs) for TestingD4355/D4355M Test Method for Deteri
10、oration of Geotex-tiles by Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a XenonArc Type ApparatusD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4595 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles bythe Wide-Width Strip MethodD4833/D4833M Test Method for Index Puncture Resistanceof Geomembranes and Related Produc
11、tsD4873/D4873M Guide for Identification, Storage, and Han-dling of Geosynthetic Rolls and SamplesD4885 Test Method for Determining Performance Strengthof Geomembranes by the Wide Strip Tensile MethodD5147/D5147M Test Methods for Sampling and TestingModified Bituminous Sheet MaterialD5199 Test Method
12、 for Measuring the Nominal Thicknessof GeosyntheticsD5261 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area ofGeotextiles1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosyntheticsand is the direct responsibility of D35.10 on Geomembranes.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published F
13、ebruary 2018. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6455 11. DOI:10.1520/D6455-11R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer t
14、o the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established
15、in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1D5262 Test Method for Evaluating the Unconfined TensionCreep and Creep Rupture Behavior of GeosyntheticsD5321/D5
16、321M Test Method for Determining the ShearStrength of Soil-Geosynthetic and Geosynthetic-Geosynthetic Interfaces by Direct ShearD5322 Practice for Laboratory Immersion Procedures forEvaluating the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics toLiquidsD5514/D5514M Test Method for Large-Scale HydrostaticPunct
17、ure Testing of GeosyntheticsD5617 Test Method for Multi-Axial Tension Test for Geo-syntheticsD5884/D5884M Test Method for Determining TearingStrength of Internally Reinforced GeomembranesD6747 Guide for Selection of Techniques for Electrical LeakLocation of Leaks in GeomembranesD7003/D7003M Test Met
18、hod for Strip Tensile Properties ofReinforced GeomembranesD7274 Test Method for Mineral Stabilizer Content of Pre-fabricated Bituminous Geomembranes (BGM)D7275 Test Method for Tensile Properties of BituminousGeomembranes (BGM)E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterialsE154/E154M T
19、est Methods for Water Vapor Retarders Usedin Contact with Earth Under Concrete Slabs, on Walls, oras Ground Cover3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of geosynthetics terms used in thisguide, refer to Terminology D4439.3.1.2 For definitions of terms related to bituminousmaterials, ref
20、er to Terminology D1079.3.1.3 prefabricated bituminous geomembrane (PBGM),na material fabricated in a plant and consisting principally ofa synthetic fabric, saturated and coated with an oxidized or apolymer-modified bitumen compound incorporating a mineralstabilizer.4. Significance and Use4.1 To pro
21、perly evaluate PBGMs, tests must be performedaccording to specific test methods and procedures. Failure tofollow this practice can result in data not representative of thematerials characteristics and performance.5. Test Methods5.1 Recommended test methods for PBGMs have beengrouped in categories an
22、d are listed in tables as follows:5.1.1 Table 1PBGM basic properties.5.1.2 Table 2Performance-related PBGM properties.5.1.3 Table 3Properties of PBGM components.NOTE 1The term “basic” is used in this guide to identify a limitingnumber of properties that users will specify to characterize a PGBM.6. K
23、eywords6.1 geomembranes; geotextiles; modified bitumen; oxidizedbitumen; prefabricated bituminous; PBGMsTABLE 1 PBGM Basic PropertiesProperty Test MethodTerminology D4439 and D1079Identification and Handling D4873/D4873MSampling D4354Thickness D5199Mass Per Unit Area D5261Specific Gravity D792Tensil
24、e Properties D7275Index Puncture Resistance D4833/D4833MWater Vapor Transmission E96/E96MTABLE 2 Performance-Related PBGM PropertiesProperty Test MethodCoefficient of Linear Expansion D696Dimensional Stability at High Temperature D1204Water Absorption D471Gas Permeability D1434Tensile Properties, Wi
25、de-Width Strip Method D4885Tensile Properties, Strip Method D4595 or D7003/D7003MMulti-Axial Tensile D5617Granule Puncture D5514/D5514MTear Strength D5884/D5884MCold Bending D5147/D5147M, Section 11Brittleness Temperature D746Coefficient of Friction by Direct Shear D5321/D5321MHydrostatic Resistance
26、 D751, Procedure AUnconfined Tension Creep Behavior D5262Chemical Resistance D5322Ultraviolet Resistance D4355/D4355MOven Aging D573Biodegradation Resistance (in soil) E154/E154M, Section 13TABLE 3 Properties of PBGM ComponentsProperty Test MethodSoftening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
27、D36/D36MMineral Stabilizer Content of Bitumen D7274Mass Per Unit Area of Reinforcement D3776/D3776MNominal Thickness of Reinforcement D5199Tensile Properties of Reinforcement by Wide-Width StripMethodD4595D6455 11 (2018)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent righ
28、ts asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any
29、time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments wil
30、l receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by AST
31、M International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 11 (2018)3
