1、Designation: C1157/C1157M 17Standard Performance Specification forHydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1157/C1157M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe
2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This performance specification covers hydraulic ce-ments for both general and special applications. There are norestrictions on the composi
3、tion of the cement or its constituents(See Note 1).NOTE 1There are two related hydraulic cement standards, Specifica-tion C150 for portland cement and Specifications C595 for blendedcements, both of which contain prescriptive and performance require-ments1.2 This performance specification classifies
4、 cements basedon specific requirements for general use, high early strength,resistance to attack by sulfates, and heat of hydration. Optionalrequirements are provided for the property of low reactivitywith alkali-silica-reactive aggregates and for air-entrainingcements.1.3 The values stated in eithe
5、r SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard. Values in SI uni
6、ts or inch-pound units shallbe obtained by measurement in SI units or inch-pound unitsor by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversionand Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurementsmade in other units or SI units. Values are stated in only SIunits when inch-pound units are not use
7、d in practice.1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotesthat provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements ofthe standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated
8、 with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on
9、 standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive S
10、trength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC150 Specification for Portland CementC151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of HydraulicCementC183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing ofHydraulic CementC18
11、5 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of HydraulicCementC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cementby Vicat NeedleC204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement byAir-Permeabilit
12、y ApparatusC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity ofCement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)C359 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement(Mortar Method)C430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the45-m (No. 325) S
13、ieveC441 Test Method for Effectiveness of Pozzolans or GroundBlast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Expansion ofConcrete Due to the Alkali-Silica ReactionC451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement(Paste Method)C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements1This performance speci
14、fication is under the jurisdiction of ASTM CommitteeC01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.10 onHydraulic Cements for General Concrete Construction.Current edition approved June 15, 2017. Published August 2017. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in
15、 2011 as C1157 11. DOI:10.1520/C1157_C1157M-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of
16、Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the
17、 Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1C1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionC1038 Test Method for Exp
18、ansion of Hydraulic CementMortar Bars Stored in WaterIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): the Modern Metric System3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology C219.4. Classification and Use4.1 The types of hydr
19、aulic cement covered by this specifi-cation are given in 4.2.1 4.2.6 and are classified in accor-dance with specific properties defined in Table 1 (See Note 2).NOTE 2This specification is based on hydraulic cement attributesrelated to concrete performance, including strength development, sulfateresi
20、stance, heat of hydration, and resistance to alkali-silica reactivity.Concrete performance is dependent on many factors such as characteris-tics of other concrete materials, mix design, production, handling, andenvironmental conditions. For performance properties of concrete, includ-ing permeability
21、, resistance to freeze-thaw cycles and deicer salt scaling,additional information may be obtained through the use of comparativetesting of concretes.4.2 Cements conforming to this specification shall be des-ignated in accordance with the nomenclature with specialcharacteristics indicated by type in
22、accordance with the typesin 4.2.1 4.2.6. When the type is not specified, the require-ments of type GU shall apply.4.2.1 Type GUHydraulic cement for general construction.Use when one or more of the special types are not required.4.2.2 Type HEHigh Early-Strength.4.2.3 Type MSModerate Sulfate Resistanc
23、e.4.2.4 Type HSHigh Sulfate Resistance.4.2.5 Type MHModerate Heat of Hydration.TABLE 1 Standard Physical RequirementsCement TypeApplicableTest MethodGU HE MS HS MH LHFineness C204,C430AAAAA AAutoclave length change, max, % C151 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80Time of setting, vicat testBC191Initial, no
24、t less than, minutes 45 45 45 45 45 45Initial, not more than, minutes 420 420 420 420 420 420Air content of mortar volume, max, %CC185 12 12 12 12 12 12Compressive strengthminimum, MPa psiDC109/C109M1 day . 12.0 1740 . . . .3 days 13.0 1890 24.0 3480 11.0 1600 11.0 1600 5.0 725 .7 days 20.0 2900 . 1
25、8.0 2610 18.0 2610 11.0 1600 11.0 160028 days 28.0 4060 . . 25.0 3620 . 21.0 3050Heat of hydration C1867 days, max, kJ/kg kcal/kg28 days, max, kJ/kg kcal/kg.290 70.250 60290 70Mortar bar expansion C103814 days, % max 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020Sulfate expansion(sulfate resistance)EC10126 mon
26、ths, max, %1 year, max, %.0.10.0.050.10.Optional Physical RequirementsOption AAir entrainingC,FC185Air content ofmortar, vol %max 22 22 22 22 22 22min 16 16 16 16 16 16Option RLow reactivity withalkali-silica-reactive aggregatesGC227Expansion at14 days, max, %56 days, max, %0.0200.0600.0200.0600.020
27、0.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.060Early stiffening, finalpenetration, min,%C451 50 50 50 50 50 50Compressive strength,D28 days, min, MPaC109/C109M . . 28.0 . 22.0 .ABoth amount retained when wet sieved on the 45-m (No. 325) sieve and specific surface area by air permeability apparatus in m2/kg shal
28、l be reported on all certificatesof test results requested from the manufacturer.BTime of setting refers to initial setting time in Test Method C191.CA given value of air content in mortar does not necessarily assure that the desired air content will be obtained in concrete.DCements may be shipped p
29、rior to later-age test data being available. In such cases, the test value may be left blank. Alternatively, the manufacturer can generally provideestimates based on historical production data. The report shall indicate if such estimates are provided.EIn the testing of HS cement, testing at one year
30、 shall not be required when the cement meets the 6-month limit. An HS cement failing the 6-month limit shall not be rejectedunless it also fails the 1-year limit.FWhen this option is invoked, it replaces the maximum air content of mortar listed in the default table requirements. The minimum compress
31、ive strength of air-entrainingcements shall be no less than 80 % of that of the comparable non-air-entraining cement type.GCompliance with this requirement shall not be requested unless the cement will be used with alkali-reactive aggregate.C1157/C1157M 1724.2.6 Type LHLow Heat of Hydration.4.3 Addi
32、tional OptionsThe following additional purchaseoptions apply for any of the principal types listed. When one orboth of these options is invoked, its letter designation and titleshall follow immediately after the respective letter designationand title of the principal type (for example, Type MS(R) or
33、Type MS(A).4.3.1 Option R (low reactivity with alkali-silica-reactiveaggregates)When tested for potential activity with reactiveaggregates, the cement shall meet the requirements of Table 1for Option R.4.3.2 Option A (air-entraining)Air-entraining cementsshall meet the air content requirements of Ta
34、ble 1 for OptionA.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for cement meeting the requirements of thisspecification shall include:5.1.1 The specification designation ASTM C1157, and date,5.1.2 The type of cement required. If no type is specified,Type GU shall be supplied.5.1.3 A statement that an option is
35、 invoked, when such isdesired, and5.1.4 Manufacturers certification, if required.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The chemical composition for the cement is not speci-fied. However, the cement shall be analyzed for informationalpurposes.7. Physical Properties7.1 Cement of the type specified shall conform
36、to all of theapplicable standard physical requirements of Table 1.7.2 When optional requirements are specified, the cementshall conform to the applicable optional limits of Table 1.8. Sampling8.1 When the purchaser requires that the cement be sampledand tested to verify compliance with this specific
37、ation, samplein accordance with Practice C183. Provide adequate facilitiesfor sampling the finished cement. Sample the finished cementat the mill or at the site of transfer of ownership as may bespecified by the purchaser.8.2 Practice C183 is not designed for manufacturing qualitycontrol and is not
38、required for manufacturers certification.9. Test Methods9.1 When testing a cement for compliance with thisspecification, or for general characterization, use the followingmethods, with modifications or exceptions as indicated.9.2 Chemical AnalysisChemically analyze the cementusing Test Methods C114
39、for major and minor oxides presentin greatest quantity that together, including loss-on-ignition,constitute at least 98 % of the total mass of the cement.9.3 Fineness:9.3.1 Determine fineness by Test Method C204.9.3.2 Determine amount retained on the 45-m (No. 325)sieve by Test Method C430.9.4 Deter
40、mine autoclave expansion by Test Method C151,except that for cements with 1-day compressive strengthsanticipated to be below 3.4 MPa 500 psi, store the testspecimen in a moist cabinet for a period of 48 h beforedemolding and measuring their length.9.5 Determine the time of setting using Test Method
41、C191.Only the time of initial setting is required.9.6 Test the mortar for air content using Test Method C185using the actual density of the cement, as determined by TestMethod C188, if it differs from 3.15 Mg/m3by more than0.05 Mg m3.9.7 Determine compressive strength using Test MethodC109/C109M. Te
42、sts shall be conducted at each age specified inTable 1.9.8 Determine heat of hydration using Test Method C186.9.9 Determine sulfate resistance using Test Method C1012.9.10 Determine reactivity of cement with alkali-silica-reactive aggregate (Option R) using Test Method C227 usingcrushed borosilicate
43、 glass, as described in Test Method C441,as aggregate.9.11 Determine early stiffening using Test Method C451(See Note 3).NOTE 3Additional characterization information may be obtained withTest Method C359.9.12 Determine mortar bar expansion using Test MethodC1038 using a 14-day immersion period.10. T
44、esting Time Requirements10.1 The purchaser shall make necessary arrangements forshipment of samples to the testing laboratory. Add the timerequired for transport to the laboratory to the minimum timeintervals allowed from receipt of the samples by the testinglaboratory.10.2 The minimum time allowed
45、from receipt of samples bythe testing laboratory to the report of test results shall bedetermined by the required age of specimen at the time oftesting plus seven days.10.3 A written report of results of applicable tests shall beavailable within not more than three days of the intervalindicated in 1
46、0.2.10.4 These time limits do not apply to retesting or additionaltesting. Such testing shall not provide the basis for initialacceptance or rejection of the cement (See Note 4).NOTE 4Aging effects on small samples of cement stored for longperiods of time can produce test results that are not repres
47、entative of thefresh cement nor of cement stored in large quantity for equal periods oftime.11. Testing by the Manufacturer11.1 Test samples of cement for compliance with thisspecification, and for chemical analysis, air content, andfineness. Location and frequency of sampling are at thediscretion o
48、f the manufacturer and are permitted to be changedupon agreement between the purchaser and supplier. SamplingC1157/C1157M 173and testing shall be either part of, or in addition to, themanufacturers normal quality control.11.2 Special Testing:11.2.1 The following requirements for testing apply only t
49、otests for sulfate resistance and low reactivity with alkali-silica-reactive aggregates.11.2.1.1 For sulfate resistance of Types MS and HS and forOption R of any cement, make tests at least once every12 months.1. Retest if the amount of an ingredient making up 10 %by mass or more of the cement is changed by 65 % or more bymass (See Note 5).NOTE 5For example, if the cement met the applicable requirementwith a slag
