ASTM E2593-17 Standard Guide for Accuracy Verification of Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers.pdf
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1、Designation: E2593 17Standard Guide forAccuracy Verification of Industrial Platinum ResistanceThermometers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2593; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide describes the techniques and apparatus re-quired for the accuracy verification of industrial platinumresistance
3、thermometers constructed in accordance with Speci-fication E1137/E1137M and the evaluation of calibrationuncertainties. The procedures described apply over the range of-200 C to 650 C.1.2 This guide does not intend to describe proceduresnecessary for the calibration of platinum resistance thermom-et
4、ers used as calibration standards or Standard PlatinumResistance Thermometers. Consequently, calibration of thesetypes of instruments is outside the scope of this guide.1.3 Industrial platinum resistance thermometers are avail-able in many styles and configurations. This guide does notpurport to det
5、ermine the suitability of any particular design,style, or configuration for calibration over a desired tempera-ture range.1.4 The evaluation of uncertainties is based upon currentinternational practices as described in JCGM 100:2008 “Evalu-ation of measurement dataGuide to the expression of uncer-ta
6、inty in measurement” and ANSI/NCSL Z540.2-1997 “U.S.Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement.”1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,
7、health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Inte
8、rnational Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-etryE563 Practice for Preparation and Use of an Ice-Point Bathas a Referen
9、ce TemperatureE644 Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance Ther-mometersE1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resis-tance ThermometersE1502 Guide for Use of Fixed-Point Cells for ReferenceTemperaturesE1750 Guide for Use of Water Triple Point CellsE2623 Practice for Reporting Ther
10、mometer CalibrationsE2488 Guide for the Preparation and Evaluation of LiquidBaths Used for Temperature Calibration by Comparison2.2 ANSI Publications:3ANSI/NCSL Z540.2-1997 U.S. Guide to the Expression ofUncertainty in MeasurementANSI/NCSL Z540.3-2006 Requirements for the Calibra-tions of Measuring
11、and Test Equipment2.3 Other Publication:4JCGM 100:2008 Evaluation of measurement dataGuide tothe expression of uncertainty in measurement3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe definitions given in Terminology E344shall be considered as applying to the terms used in this guide.3.2 Definitions of Terms Spec
12、ific to This Standard:3.2.1 annealing, va heat treating process intended tostabilize resistance thermometers prior to calibration and use.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E20 on TemperatureMeasurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.03 on ResistanceThermom
13、eters.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originallyapproved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E2593 12. DOI:10.1520/E2593-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Ann
14、ual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4JCGM 100:2008, Evaluation of measurement dataGuide to the expr
15、ession ofuncertainty in measurement. Available from the BIPM, Sevres, France, http:/www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/gum.html.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance wi
16、th internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.2.2 check standard, na thermometer sim
17、ilar in design tothe unit under test, but of superior stability, which is includedin the calibration process for the purpose of quantifying theprocess variability.3.2.3 coverage factor, nnumerical factor used as a multi-plier of the combined standard uncertainty in order to obtain anexpanded uncerta
18、inty.3.2.4 dielectric absorption, nan effect in an insulatorcaused by the polarization of positive and negative chargeswithin the insulator which manifests itself as an in-phasecurrent when the voltage is removed and the charges recom-bine.3.2.5 expanded uncertainty, U, nquantity defining aninterval
19、 about the result of a measurement that may beexpected to encompass a large fraction of the distribution ofvalues that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand.3.2.5.1 DiscussionTypically, U is given at a coveragefactor of 2, approximating to a 95.45 % confidence interval fora normal distribu
20、tion.3.2.6 hysteresis, nproperty associated with the resistanceof a thermometer whereby the value of resistance at a tempera-ture is dependent upon previous exposure to different tempera-tures.3.2.7 normal distribution, na frequency distribution char-acterized by a bell-shaped curve and defined by t
21、wo param-eters: mean and standard deviation.3.2.8 platinum resistance thermometer (PRT), na resis-tance thermometer with the resistance element constructedfrom platinum or platinum alloy.3.2.9 rectangular distribution, na frequency distributioncharacterized by a rectangular-shaped curve and defined
22、bytwo parameters: mean and magnitude (semi-range).3.2.10 standard deviation of the mean, nan estimate of thestandard deviation of the sampling distribution of means, basedon the data from one or more random samples.3.2.10.1 DiscussionNumerically, it is equal to the stan-dard deviation obtained (s) w
23、hen divided by the square root ofthe size of the sample (n).Standard Deviation of the Mean 5s=n(1)3.2.11 standard platinum resistance thermometer (SPRT),na specialized platinum resistance thermometer constructedin such a way that it fulfills the requirements of the ITS-90.53.2.12 standard uncertaint
24、y, nuncertainty of the result ofa measurement expressed as a standard deviation, designatedas S.3.2.13 Type A evaluation (of uncertainty), nmethod ofevaluation of uncertainty by the statistical analysis of a seriesof observations.43.2.14 Type B evaluation (of uncertainty), nmethod ofevaluation of un
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