1、2015学年北京重点中学高二上期中英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 Different Cultures The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. _【小题 1】_ The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are fostered by riversthe Yellow River in China and the H
2、indu River in India. _【小题 2】 _ Then in Tang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture gradually went overseas to Japan, mixed into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same system. When the two mother rivers gave bi
3、rth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plainthe Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. _【小题 3】 _ Like the Chinese culture, the European one also crossed waters. When the Brit
4、ish settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesnt distinguish from the European one a lot. _【小题 4】 _ Take the language system for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are m
5、ostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race difference counts as well. But whats more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interfe
6、rence (干扰 ) from the other. The differences are everywhere. _【小题 5】 _ But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colorful. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle (障碍 ) to the civilization of human being. It ought to be the motivation of our going farther. A Let us work together
7、to keep a variety of culture. B One important thing is to learn about other cultures. C And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture. D At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences. E. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the
8、 whole. F. They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles. G. They are obvious and affect peoples ways of thinking and their views of the world 答案：【小题 1】 E 【 小题 2】 F 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 G 试题分析：本文介绍东西方文化的起源及发展和它们之间的差异。 【小题 1】下文都是与两种不同的文化体系有关，说明这是造就文化差异总的原因， E选项中内容与下
9、文对应，故选 E。 【小题 2】 Both of the two cultures are fostered by riversthe Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India.中国的母亲河是黄河，而印度的则是印度河。F选项与上句为承接关系，前者指的是 两种文化的发展。故选 F。 【小题 3】上句中提到的 “When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture.”相对应，另一种文化孕育于美索不达米亚平原，即古希腊文化和古罗马文化。 C选项 “古希腊和古罗马文化是欧洲文
10、化的根基 ”与上文相对应。故选C。 【小题 4】由下文可知，该段主要说明语言的差异。因此 D选项符合要求，故选 D。 【小题 5】 The differences are everywhere.这一句提到的是原因。因此空中本句提到的是结果很明显 影响人们的思考方式和世界观。故选 G。 考点：科教类阅读 单项选择 * Though David talked about the origins of _ universe, I didnt think what he said made _ sense. A the; / B the; a C /; / D /; a 答案： A 试题分析：考查冠词
11、。句意：尽管大卫谈到了宇宙的起源，我认为他说的没有意义。宇宙的起源为固定搭配， the origins of the universe，加定冠词 the； make sense为固定搭配，有意义，中间不加任何冠词。故选 A。 考点：考查冠词 I have difficulty making myself understood in English, you know. -_ Things will improve with more practice. A No kidding! B It depends. C Come on! D Dont mention it. 答案： C 试题分析：考查
12、情景交际。 A： No kidding!别当我是小孩子耍了； B： It depends.看情况而定； C： Come on!加油； D： Dont mention it.不客气。句意： 你知道我很难领会英语方面的内容。 加油，熟能生巧。根据句意，故选 C。 _ from their parents for half a year, the students couldnt wait to go back home. A Separating B To be separated C Having separated D Having been separated 答案： D 试题分析：考查非谓
13、语动词。句意：那些学生们已经和他们的父母分开有半年了，他们迫不及待地回去。因为已经发生的事实 “be separated from their parents for half a year 才造成了现在 ” the students couldnt wait to go back “ 这个事实，所以是过去发生的事情持续到现在对现在产生的影响，所以用现在分词的完成式，且是 students和 separate为被动关系。因此用现在分词完成式被动语态。故选 D。 考点：考查非谓语动词 The apartment weve recently rented _ six rooms in all, t
14、he largest of which serves as the sitting room. A consists of B is consisted of C made up of D consisting of 答案： A 试题分析：考查词组辨析及语态。句意：我们最近租的公寓总共包括六个房间，最大的那间作为客厅。 make up of表示由 组成； consist of整体中包括的内容。根据句意， consist of符合语境，又因为 consist of没有被动语态；句中主句缺少谓语，因此不能用现在分词形式。故选 A。 考点：考查词组辨析及语态 Lily doesnt work in
15、the same school as me, but we _ at the same college for four years. A study B studied C have studied D had studied 答案： B 试题分析：考查时态。句意：莉莉不如我在一所学校那样努力学习，但是我们四年在同一所大学上学。四年上大学是过去的动作，用一般过去时。故选 B。 考点：考查时态 The death of his devoted son was a painful experience, _ he had never fully recovered. A from which B
16、 from whom C with which D with whom 答案： A 试题分析：考查定语从句。句意：他儿子的死是一个痛苦的经历，这 让他从未完全从悲痛中恢复过来。先行词是 a painful experience，用逗号隔开，因此是一个非限制性定语从句，用 which。 recover后面需要接介词 from，在定语从句中介词前置。故选 A。 考点：考查定语从句 Only after David was asked to pay more attention _ repeating the same mistake. A he avoided B did he avoid C h
17、ad he avoided D he had avoided 答案： B 试题分析：考查倒装句。句意：在大卫刚刚被要求多加注意时，他就避免了犯相同的错误。 only 放在句首引起倒装，前句用的过去时，因此空中用过去时态。故选 B。 考点：考查倒装句 Having never met such a _ situation, Mr. Green felt _ and didnt know what to do. A confusing; confused B confused; confusing C confusing; confusing D confused; confused 答案： A
18、试题分析：考查形容词的用法。句意：没遇到过这么困惑的问题 ,他感到很困惑 ,不知怎么解决。 puzzling”令人困惑的 ”,修饰物 ,第二空考察 puzzled”感到困惑的 ”修饰人。故选 A。 考点：考查形容词的用法 New evidence might lead to the conclusion _ the young woman is lying. A whether B if C why D that 答案： D 试题分析：考查同位语从句。句意：新证据也许会引导出那个年轻女士在撒谎的结论。同位语从句，后面的从句对前面的 evidence进行补充，用 that。故选D。 考点：考查同
19、位语从句 Steven didnt follow the advice _ by the villager and thus got lost in the forest. A put out B put forward C being put out D being put forward 答案： B 试题分析：考查非谓语动词及 词组辨析。句意：史提芬没有听从村民提出的建议从而在森林里迷路了。 put out指扑灭（火等）， put forward提出。且 advice和 put forward为被动关系，用一般过去时被动语态。根据句意，故选 B。 考点：考查非谓语动词及词组辨析 The o
20、ld man tried to save more money _ he could contribute some to the flood victims. A so as to B now that C so that D even though 答案： C 试题分析：考查词组辨析。句意：老人想节省更多的钱使得他能贡献一些给水灾受害者。 so as to为了 ，表目的； now that既然； so that表示为了 后面通常引导目的状语从句； even though即使。句中明显引导目的状语从句。故选 C。 考点：考查词组辨析 The manager suggested the wor
21、kers pay _ by 10 percent. A should increased B would be increased C increased D be increased 答案： D 试题分析：考查名词性从句。句意：那个经理建议工人们应该增加 10%的报酬。suggest在宾语从句中用 suggest that sb. should do结构，这里用作被动语态，故用 should be done形式， should通常可以省略。故选 D。 考点：考查名词性从句 The spokesman said that the poor safety standards were _ for
22、 last Sundays accident. A blaming B blamed C to blame D to be blamed 答案： C 试题分析：考查被动语态。句意：发言人说，安全标准差归咎于上周日的事故。主动表被动，不完善的安全标准本来是被责怪，但由于单词 blame是主动形式表示被动意义，故是 to blame。 故选 C。 考点：考查被动语态 It was _ that caused her to serve dinner an hour later than usual. A us being late B our being late C we were late D
23、because we were late 答案： B 试题分析：考查强调句型。句意：由于我们的迟到导致她比平时弄正餐晚了一个小时。这是强调句型，强调是的主语 our being late.这是个动名词的复合结构作主语。强调句型的判断方式就是把框架 it was/is.that去掉后仍能组成完整的句子。所以这句话还原后就是： Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.其他的选项还原后句子不成立。 because引导状语从句是不可以作主语的。 A和 C形式不对。故选 B。 考点：考查强调句型 Neither
24、 I nor Amy _ to attend the business conference if we are busy. A was B were C is D are 答案： C 试题分析：考查主谓一致。句意：如果我和艾米忙的话，我们都不会去参加商务会议。主谓一致 neithernor 中遵循的是就近一致的原则，故谓语动词用 is。故选 C。 考点：考查主谓一致 完 型填空 It was 4 oclock in the morning, when I received the phone call “This is the emergency room calling and your
25、son was just _ in with severe burns on his face, neck and arms. We have called for a(n) _ and are going to fly him to the burn unit in Seattle.” Seattle was 350 miles from his college, so we knew immediately this was _. The doctor described the _, which caused the burns. At 6 am, our son and his fri
26、ends decided to barbecue hamburgers in the courtyard of their apartment. When they _ the charcoal(木炭 ), it burst into flames because they had sprayed too much gasoline. The flames _ my sons shirt tail and shot from his waist to well over his head. _, one of the boys who was quickminded grasped my so
27、n and _ him on the grass. While it saved his life, it was not in _ to save him from severe burns and the terrible scars. After he _ from the treatments, the doctors told him they would not do plastic surgery(整容 )for 6 months _ it takes that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling. So, he h
28、ad to return to college with scars typical of severe burns When I was a child, my mother told my sister， who had a 10-inch very _ scar on her arm, “Nancy， if you ignore the scar， other people will ignore it. It does not mean they will not _ it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesnt ma
29、tter to you. I _ this wisdom on to my son. He took my advice to _ and returned to school with his head held highglad he was alive. By the end of the six-month waiting period, he decided that the scars did not _. So he made the _ to give up any plastic surgery. We all have “scars” that we believe _ p
30、eople to keep away from us. And we spend a lot of time thinking that if only we looked differently, or dressed differently, people would like us better. But you see, people will only judge you by your looks or your clothes if you are judging yourself by these same _ standards. Put your imperfections
31、 out of your mind and concentrate on what you value _ yourself, and your beauty will shine through. 【小题1】 A brought B given C turned D showed A doctor B hospital C aircraft D ambulance A serious B terrible C dangerous D important A event B process C reason D accident A got B lit C burned D moved A t
32、ook B held C caught D attracted A Fortunately B Surprisingly C Happily D Slowly A pushed B threw C dropped D rolled A shape B place C fact D time A benefited B recovered C suffered D relaxed A if B while C because D although A normal B violent C obvious D popular A mention B notice C 1augh D hide A
33、sent B kept C handed D passed A heart B life C practice D considerate A grow B matter C exist D Appear A mistake B effort C decision D request A invite B cause C allow D remind A false B strict C moral D general A by B over C beyond D within 答案：【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 B 【小题 6】 C 【
34、小题 7】 A 【小题 8】 D 【小题 9】 D 【小题 10】 B 【小题 11】 C 【小题 12】 C 【小题 13】 B 【小题 14】 D 【小题 15】 A 【小题 16】 B 【小题 17】 C 【小题 18】 B 【小题 19】 A 【小题 20】 D 试题分析：作者的儿子在一次意外事故中被严重烧伤，在作者的劝说下，他昂首挺胸地返回了学校，并主动放弃了整容手术。诚然，外表只是虚假的东西，真正重要的是人的内心。 【小题 1】考查动词辨析。 A： brought带来； B： given给 出了； C： turned转身；D： showed显示。对方给作者打电话，说作者的儿子被 “
35、送进 ”了急诊室。 turn in表示 “归还 ”，不符合语境。故选 A。 【小题 2】考查名词辨析。 A： doctor 医生； B： hospital 医院； C： aircraft 飞机；D： ambulance救护车。根据本句后半部分的 “fly him to the burn unit in Seattle”可知对方已经联系好了 “飞机 ”，打算 把作者的儿子送往西雅图治疗。故选 C。 【小题 3】考查形容词辨析。 A： serious严重的； B： terrible 可怕的； C：dangerous危险的； D： important 重要的。 Seattle was 350 mil
36、es from his college, so we knew immediately this was _.结合上文提到的内容可知作者立刻意识到了事态的 “严重性 ”。故选 A。 【小题 4】考查名词辨析。 A： event事件； B： process过程； C： reason原因；D： accident事故。根据下文内容可知作者的儿子被烧伤是 “意外事故 ”。 A项常用来表示重大事件。故选 D。 【小题 5】考查动 词辨析。 A： got得到； B： lit点燃； C： burned燃烧； D：moved移动。 When they _ the charcoal(木炭 ), it burst
37、 into flames because they had sprayed too much gasoline.根据本句后半部分的内容可知是 “点燃 ”木炭时。故选 B。 【小题 6】考查动词辨析。 A： took带； B： held举行； C： caught抓住； D：attracted吸引。由上句 it burst into flames because they had sprayed too much gasoline.浇有过多汽油的木炭喷出的火苗烧着了作者儿子的衬衣，此处 catch可理解为 “着（火）烧着 ”。故选 C。 【小题 7】考查副词辨析。 A： Fortunately幸运
38、的是； B： Surprisingly令人惊讶的是； C： Happily愉快地； D： Slowly慢慢地。 _, one of the boys who was quickminded grasped my son and _ him on the grass.当时，作者的儿子身上火 势熊熊， “幸运的是 ”，其中一个孩子反应敏捷，及时采取行动， 从而挽救了作者儿子的生命。故选 A。 【小题 8】考查动词辨析。 A： pushed 推动； B： threw 扔了； C.： dropped 下降；D： rolled卷。由 minded grasped my son and _ him on
39、the grass.那个孩子的目的是想扑灭作者儿子身上的大火，由此可推断他是让作者的儿子在草地上 “滚动 ”。故选 D。 【小题 9】考查名词辨析。 A： shape形状； B： place地方； C： fact事实； D：time时间。那个孩子虽然救了作者儿子一命，却没能 “及时 ”挽回大火对作者的儿子造成的肉体伤害的局面。 While it saved his life, it was not in _ to save him from severe burns and the terrible scars. 故选 D。 【小题 10】考查动词辨析。 A： benefited受益； B：
40、recovered恢复； C：suffered遭受； D： relaxed放松。上文提到作者的儿子被送往西雅图救治，所以此处是作者的儿子经过治疗后 “康复 ”。故 选 B。 【小题 11】考查连词辨析。 A： if如果； B： while而； C： because因为； D：although虽然。 the doctors told him they would not do plastic surgery(整容 )for 6 months _ it takes that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling根据本句后半部分的内容可知
41、这里说的是六个月之内不能进行整容的原因。故选 C。 【小题 12】考查形容词辨析。 A： normal正常的； B： violent猛烈的； C：obvious明显的； D： popular受欢迎的。根据常识可知如果胳博上有一条 10英寸长的伤疤，一定非常 “明显 ”。故选 C。 【小题 13】考查动词辨析。 A： mention提到； B： notice注意到； C： 1augh嘲笑； D： hide隐藏。根据 Nancy， if you ignore the scar， other people will ignore it.如果自己不把伤疤放在心上，其他人也会这么做，但这并不意味着他们没
42、有 “注意到 ”伤疤的存在。故选 B。 【小题 14】考查 动词辨析。 A： sent发送； B： kept保持； C： handed交； D：passed通过。 It does not mean they will not _ it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesnt matter to you. ”pass on表示 “传递 ”，即作者把这种智慧传给自己的儿子。故选 D。 【小题 15】考查名词辨析。 A： heart心； B： life生活； C： practice实践； D：considerate体贴。 He to
43、ok my advice to _ and returned to school with his head held high 作者的儿子将作者的建议牢牢地记在 “心 ”中，昂首挺胸地返回了学校。故选 A。 【小题 16】考查动词辨析。 A： grow 成长； B： matter 要紧； C： exist 存在； D：appear出现。 By the end of the six-month waiting period, he decided that the scars did not _. So he made the _ to give up any plastic surgery.
44、 经过六个月的漫长等待，作者的儿子认为自己的伤疤无关紧要，决定放弃整容手术。 matter表示 “要紧，有关系 ”。故选 B。 【小题 17】考查名词辨析。 A： mistake错误； B： effort努力； C： decision决策；D： request 请求。上文提到医生告诉作者的儿子六个月后才可以实施整容手术，而此时的他发生了思想转变， 作出 “决定 ” 不再进行任何整容手术。故选 C。 【小题 18】考查动词辨析。 A： invite邀请； B： cause导致； C： allow允许； D：remind提醒。 We all have “scars” that we believe
45、 _ people to keep away from us.此处是 cause sb. to do sth.结构，表示 “导致某人做某事 ”。定语从句中的 we believe可看作是插入语。故选 B。 【小题 19】考查形容词辨析。 A： false虚假的； B： strict严格的； C： moral；道德的 D： general一般的。在作者看来，外表和衣着只是 “虚假的 ”评判标准。后三项分别表示 “严格的 ”“道德的 ” “一般的，大体的 ”，都不符合语境。故选 A。 【小题 20】考查介词辨析。 A： by通过； B： over结束； C. beyond超过； D：within在
46、内。本句的前半部分提到要把外表和衣着等外在表现抛在脑后，由此可知作者强调的是内在美。故选 D。 考点：故事类阅读。 阅读理解 How often do you use your car Can you use your car less often Do you know the following facts in the UK About 50% of all car journeys are just for fun. Over 80% people go to work by car. 25% car journeys are under two miles. 70% car jour
47、neys are under five miles. WALKING & CYCLING Instead of using the car for short journeys, why not walk or ride a bicycle Walking is a most popular form of exerciseits healthy and it can save you money. If you work nearby, try walking or cycling instead of driving. Walking your children to school giv
48、es them valuable road experience. BUSES Bus companies are using new buses: some run on new fuels which produce less pollution; some have easier access for disabled and old people. There are special traffic lanes (行车道 )to make bus journeys easier and more reliable. So do something to help solve the pollution problemlet th
