1、2014年初中毕业升学考试（江苏南京卷）英语（带解析） 其他 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第 56-65小题大空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案：填写在答题卡标号为 56-65的相应位置上。 注意：每个空格只填 1个单词。 Mayme Clayton collected books, magazines and letters written by African Americans. Her son, Avery Clayton, thought her collection was important. Unlike most books,these were rare and
2、hard to find. They were written by writers who helped shape African American culture. One book in the collection was written by Phillis Wheatley. Wheatley was a slave who wrote poetry. She was the first African American to publish (出版 ) a book. Wheatley herself signed (签名 ) the book in the Claytons
3、collection. No one else owns a copy signed by Phillis Wheatley. By the time she passed away at age 83, Mrs. Clayton had more than 30,000 books by or about black people. Her collection also includes papers about slaves, photographs, movies, sheet music, and personal letters by black leaders and artis
4、ts. It is one of the biggest personal collections of African American history and culture in the United States. Avery Claytons dream was to create a museum for his mothers treasures. Scholars say that Mrs. Claytons collection is very important. Without her work, part of African American heritage (遗产
5、 ) would have been lost. “We didnt know these things existed,” says Sara Hadron of Californias Huntington Library. The collections new home is likely to be in Culver City, California. Part of Avery Claytons dream is to share the cultural riches his mother collected with others. He especially wants k
6、ids to have a chance to see the collection. “ At present African American culture is being explained by pop culture,” he says, “ Its important to offer a more complete picture.” Mayme Clayton and Her Collection Personal information She liked 【小题 1】 books, magazines and letters written by African Ame
7、ricans. She 【小题 2】 when she was 83years old. Her collection Compared with other books, the books she collected couldnt be found 【小题 3】 . The only copy written and 【小题 4】 by Phillis Wheatley was in her collection. She had a large collection , 【小题 5】 books, paper, photographs and other things by black
8、 leaders and artists. Her collections is of great 【小题 6】 to African American history and culture. Her 【小题 7】 dream A 【小题 8】 for the treasure would be created. He hopes to 【小题 9】 the culture riches collected by his mother with more people, especially 【小题 10】 . 答案： 【小题 1】 collecting 【小题 2】 died 【小题 3】
9、 easily 【小题 4】 signed 【小题 5】 including 【小题 6】 importance 【小题 7】 sons 【小题 8】 museum 【小题 9】 share 【小题 10】 kids 试题分析：本文叙述了梅米 克莱顿搜集了很多非裔美国人写的书杂志和信件。她收集的这些书，报纸，图片，电影，乐谱和黑人领袖和艺术家的个人信件是稀有的，很难找到，而且非常重要。克莱顿太太去世后，她的儿子想为这些收集品建一座博物馆，他想与其他人分享这些东西。 【小题 1】根据 Mayme Clayton collected books, magazines and letters wri
10、tten by African Americans.可知梅米 克莱顿喜欢搜集非裔美国人写的书杂志和信件，根据短语 like doig sth.喜欢做某事，故此处用 collecting。 【小题 2】根据 By the time she passed away at age 83, Mrs. Clayton had more than 30,000 books by or about black people.可知她是在 83岁时去世的，故用 died。 【小题 3】根据 Unlike most books, these were rare and hard to find. 可知与其他大部分
11、书相比，这些书是稀有的，很难找到，不容易找到，此处修饰动词 found，故用副词 easily。 【小题 4】根据 Wheatley herself signed (签名 ) the book in the Claytons collection. No one else owns a copy signed by Phillis Wheatley.可知这是唯一一本由 Phillis Wheatley自己签名的书。故此处为 signed。 【小题 5】根据 Her collection also includes papers about slaves, photographs, movies
12、, sheet music, and personal letters by black leaders and artists.可知她的收集包括关于奴隶的报纸，图片，电影，乐谱和黑人领袖和艺术家的个人信件。此处作定语修饰名词 collection，故用介词短语，故为 including。 【小题 6】根据 Scholars say that Mrs. Claytons collection is very important.可知克莱顿太太的收集很重要。 Be very important=be of great importance，故此处为名词 importance。 【小题 7】根据
13、Her son, Avery Clayton, 可知 Avery Clayton是克莱顿太太的儿子，故是她的儿子的梦想，故用名词所有格 sons。 【小题 8】根据 Avery Claytons dream was to create a museum for his mothers treasures. 可知将为这些收集建一座博物馆，故此处为 museum。 【小题 9】根据 Part of Avery Claytons dream is to share the cultural riches his mother collected with others. 可知 Avery Clayt
14、on想和其他人分享他母亲的收集，故此处为 share。 【小题 10】根据 He especially wants kids to have a chance to see the collection.可知他尤其想让孩子有机会看看这些收集，故此处为 kids。 考点：短文填空。 单项选择 * Excuse me, may I use your bicycle _ is broken. - Certainly. But remember to return it before lunch. A I B Me C Myself D Mine 答案： D 试题分析：句意： 对不起，打扰了，我可以用
15、你的自行车吗？我的坏了。 当然可以。但是记着午饭前还给我。 A. I 我，主格形式； B. Me 我，宾格形式； C. Myself 我，反身代词； D. Mine我的（东西），名词性物主代词。结合句意，此处指的是我的自行车，故用名词性物主代词。故选 D。 考点：考查代词的用法。 We can invite our teachers to the farewell party next Saturday. - Yes, _ Ill call them at once. A what for B what C why not D why 答案： C 试题分析：句意： 我们可以邀请我们的老师来参加
16、下个星期六的欢送会。 是的，为什么不呢？我马上给他们打电 话。 A. what for 为什么； B. what 什么； C. why not 为什么不，表示同意某人的观点； D. why为什么。根据Yes,可知此处表示同意邀请老师。故选 C。 考点：考查疑问词的用法。 The documentary A Bite Of China II is quite popular around China recently. How do you like it - _. A I think so B Pretty good C Its my pleasure D All right 答案： B 试题
17、分析：句意：最近纪录片舌尖上的中国 第二季在中国各地相当受欢迎。你认为它怎么样？ 非常好。 A. I think so 我也这样认为； B. Pretty good 非常好； C. Its my pleasure不用谢； D. All right好吧。根据 How do you like it 可知此处是对事物进行评价，故选 B。 考点：考查交际用语。 Were sure that the environment in our city _ greatly through our work in the near future. A improved B was improved C has
18、improved D will be improved 答案： D 试题分析：句意：我们确信在不久的将来通过我们的努力，我们城市的环境将被大大地完善。根据时间状语 in the near future.可知此处用一般将来时，结合句意，主语 the environment与谓语 improve表示被动关系，此处用一般将来时的被动形式。故选 D。 考点：考查时态和语 态的用法。 We all know that learning a foreign language _ time and effort. A requires B reduces C removes D repeats 答案： A
19、试题分析：句意：我们都知道学习一门外语需要时间和努力。 A. requires 需要；B. reduces 减少； C. removes 出去； D. repeats重复。结合常识，学习语言是需要时间和努力的。故选 A。 考点：考查动词词义辨析。 Do you enjoy Han Leis songs - Yes. He is the winner of Im Singer II. I cant think of anyone with a _ voice. A better B best C more D most 答案： A 试题分析：句意： 你喜欢韩磊的歌吗？ 喜欢。他是我是歌手 第二季
20、的冠军。我认为其他人不可能有比他更好的嗓音。 A. better更好； B. best 最好； C. more 更多； D. most最多。否定副词 +比较级表示最高级。结合句意，此处表示嗓音好，故用形容词比较级 better。故选 A。 考点：考查形容词比较级和最高级的用法。 David, could you tell me _ - Every four years. A when the 2014 World Cup will finish B how often the World Cup takes place C how many teams take part in the Wor
21、ld Cup D who may score the most goals in the World Cup 答案： B 试题分析：句意： 大卫，你能告诉我世界杯多久举行一次？ 每四年一次。 A. when the 2014 World Cup will finish 2014年的世界杯将什么时候结束。 B. how often the World Cup takes place世界杯多久举行一次 C. how many teams take part in the World Cup多少个团队参加世界杯。 D. who may score the most goals in the Worl
22、d Cup谁可能在世界杯中进球最多。根据 Every four years.可知此处是对频率提问的，故选 B。 考点：考查宾语从句。 - Yesterday Tommy walked past my table and _ my bowls and dishes. - He should be careful next time. A knocked off B took off C showed off D turned off 答案： A 试题分析：句意： 昨天汤米走过我的桌子，撞倒了我的碗和盘子。 下次你应该小心些。 A. knocked off 撞倒； B. took off 脱掉；
23、C. showed off 炫耀； D. turned off关上。根据 He should be careful next time.可知让他小心些，说明自己的碗和盘子被撞倒了。故选 A。 考点：考查动词短语词义辨析。 Lily, why are you still here School is over for half an hour. - Because I _ my task yet. I still need one more hour. A wont finish B didnt finish C havent finished D hadnt finished 答案： C 试题
24、分析：句意： 莉莉，为什么你还在这儿？已经放学半小时了。 因为我还没有完成我的任务。我仍需要再来一小时。 A. wont finish 没有完成，一般将来时； B. didnt finish 没有完成，一般过去来时； C. havent finished没有完成，现在完成时； D. hadnt finished 没有完成，过去完成时；根据 I still need one more hour.可知再需要一小时，表示现在还没有完成，故用现在完成时。故选 C。 考点：考查时态的用法。 _ Lin Feng has to work late, she always wears a smile on
25、her face. A Because B If C Until D Though 答案： D 试题分析：句意：尽管林峰不得不工作很晚，她一直 在她的脸上带着微笑。 A. Because因为； B. If 如果； C. Until 直到； D. Though尽管。结合句意，工作到很晚和带着微笑，前后表示让步关系，故用连词 though。 故选 D。 考点：考查连词的用法。 - _ brave Zhang Hua is! -Yes. He helped his neighbour, Mrs. Sun out of the fire. A What a B How C .How a D What
26、答案： B 试题分析：句意： 张华是多么勇敢啊！ 是的。他帮助他的邻居孙太太从大火里跑出来。感叹句的结构： What+a/an+形容词 +单数名词 +主语 +谓语！ How+形容词 /副词 +主语 +谓语！根据空格后接的是 brave形容词，故此处用 how。故选 B。 考点：考查感叹句的用法。 Simon, what do I need to take for the hiking -Youd better _ more water than usual. Its hot today. A to take B take C taking D took 答案： B 试题分析：句意： 西蒙，为了
27、徒步旅行我需要带什么？ 你最好比平常多带些水。今天非常热。根据短语 had better do sth.最好做某事，此处用动词原形 take。故选 B。 考点：考查非谓语动词。 I was looking for a birthday gift for my mother, but I couldnt find _ suitable. A something B anything C nothing D everything 答案： B 试题分析：句意：我正在给我的母亲寻找生日礼物，但是我找不到一些合适的东西。 A. something 一些事，用于肯定句； B. anything 一些事，用
28、于否定句或一般疑问句； C. nothing 没什么； D. everything 一切；根据 couldnt find 可知此处是否定句，故用代词 anything。故选 B。 考点：考查代词的用法。 - _ are you going to the School Uniform Exhibition, Amy - To learn about different styles of school uniform. A What B Where C Why D Which 答案： C 试题分析：句意： 艾米，你为什么要去参加校服展览？ 为了了解不同的校服风格。 A. What 什么，对内容提
29、问； B. Where 哪里，对地点提问； C. Why 为什么，对原因提问； D. Which哪一个，对要选择的事物物提问；根根据据 To learn about different styles of school uniform.可知此处是对原因提问，故选C。 考点：考查疑问词的用法。 Nanjing Lishui Strawberry Festival opened _ March in Fujiabian Modern Agricultural Park this year. A on B at C in D to 答案： C 试题分析：句意：今年三月份南京丽水草莓节在傅家边现代农业
30、园区举行。 A. on +具体某一天，在； B. at+钟点，在； C. in +月份 /年份，在； D. to 到，向；此处接 March “三月 ”，故用介词 in。故选 C。 考点：考查介词的用法。 完型填空 Natural resources are things that we use that come from Earth. Out natural resources are limited（有限的） . This means that they will not forever. Some are renewable, like when you plant a new tre
31、e when you one down. Others are not renewable, like when you dig coal（煤） out of the . Once it is used, it is gone.People realize the that Earths natural resources are limited, and can do things to help conserve（节约） those resources. you try to conserve a natural resource, you try to use less of it, s
32、o it does not get used up so . One way that people conserve fuel, like gasoline, is by riding a bicycle or walking when the is short instead of driving everywhere.Water is a very important natural resource because we all need it to stay . We can conserve water making sure that our pipes and taps do
33、not leak（漏） . We can also make choices to conserve water, like only using the dishwasher or washing machine when theyare full. Everyone can make contributions to protecting natural resources. 【小题1】 A last B spread C burn D change A turn B cut C put D move A station B building C ground D brick A news
34、 B plan C decision D fact A When B Although C Whatever D Whether A slowly B hard C regularly D fast A money B space C place D distance A alive B alone C asleep D awake A about B for C by D with A generous B funny C wise D surprising 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 A 【小题 6】 D 【小题 7】 D
35、【小题 8】 A 【小题 9】 C 【小题 10】 C 试题分析：本文叙述了我们的自然资源是有限的，不会永远有。有些自然资源是可再生的，有些是不可再生的。人们意识到自然资源是有限的，人们可以做一一些事情来节约它们。每个人都可以为节约自然资源做出一份贡献。 【小题 1】考查动词及语境的理解。 A. last 持续； B. spread 传播； C. burn 燃烧；D. change改变。根据 Our natural resources are limited（有限的）可知我们的自然资源是有限的，会用完的，不会永远有。故选 A。句意：他们不能永远持续下去。 【小题 2】考查 动词及语境的理解。
36、A. turn 转动； B. cut 切割； C. put 放下； D. move移动。 cut down砍下。根据 plant a new tree可知此处指的是看下一棵树，再种一棵。故选 B。句意：当你砍下一棵树，你可以再种一棵。 【小题 3】考查名词及语境的理解。 A. station 车站； B. building 建筑物； C. ground 地面； D. brick砖。结合常识，煤是埋在地下，故选 C。句意：当你从地下挖出煤。 【小题 4】考查名词及语境的理解。 A. news 新闻； B. plan 计划； C. decision 决定； D. fact事实。根据 Earths
37、natural resources are limited,可知自然资源是有限的，这是一个事实，故选 D。句意：人们意识到地球的自然资源是有限的。 【小题 5】考查连词及语境的理解。 A. When 当 .时候； B. Although尽管； C. Whatever 无论什么； D. Whether是否。此处表示要节约一种自然资源时，故选A。句意：当你想要节约一种自然资源，你要努力少用它。 【小题 6】考查副词 及语境的理解。 A. slowly 慢地； B. hard 努力地； C. regularly 有规律地； D. fast快地。 根据 you try to use less of i
38、t, 可知自然资源是有限的，少用一些，它就被用光的速度慢一些。故选 D。句意：这样它才不会那么快的被用光。 【小题 7】考查名词及语境的理解。 A. money钱； B. space 空间； C. place 地方； D. distance距离。根据 by riding a bicycle or walking 可知能骑自行车或步行的地方 ，距离应是较短的。故选 D。句意：当距离近时，可以骑自行车或步行，而不是到处开车去。 【小题 8】考查形容词及语境的理解。 A. alive 活着的； B. alone 独自的； C. asleep 睡着的； D. Awake醒着的。 stay alive活
39、着，结合常识，人活着离不开水，故选 A。句意：水是一种非常重要的自然资源，因为我们需要它来活着。 【小题 9】考查介词及语境的理解。 A. about 关于； B. for 为了； C. by 通过； D. with用。 by+doing sth.通过做某事。根据 making sure可知此处用介词 by，故选 C。句意：我们可以通过确保水管和水龙头不漏水，来节约水。 【小题 10】考查形容词及语境的理解。 A. generous 慷慨的，大方的； B. funny 滑稽的； C. wise 明智的； D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据 to conserve water, 可知此处
40、指的是节约水的好选择，故选 C。句意：我们可以做出明智的选择来节约水。 考点：日常生活类短文。 阅读理解 Mike Myers is a teacher at Chauncey Rose High School in Terre Haute, Indiana. Last year, he taught his students about the worlds rain forests. They learned that rain forests are important because the plants and animals of the rain forest give us f
41、ood, wood, and medicine. Destruction of the worlds rain forests is a serious problem. Unluckily, rain forests are disappearing at a rate of 80 acres per minute! As part of a class project, Myers students bought three acres of rain forest in Central America. They paid $25 per acre. The students hope
42、that the land they bought will be protected and not destroyed. The students became so interested in rain forests that they decided to get a closer look at a real rain forest. So last June, Myers and four of his students took a boat ride down a river. They saw alligators and crocodiles. In the middle
43、 of the week, a guide took Myers and his students into the rain forest. “The monkeys were not happy that we were in their forest. They broke small branches off the trees and threw them at e us,” one of the students said, “It was a great learning experience for all of us,” said Myers. Each student ch
44、ose something specific about Costa Rica to study involving the plants, animals, food, and culture. During the last few days the group had time to do fun activities. They went whitewater rafting and horseback riding, and visited Costa Ricas active volcano. Myers hopes to make the trip every year with
45、 a different group of kids. 【小题 1】 How much did Myers students pay for the rain forest they bought A $25 B $75 C $80 D $2000 【小题 2】 What did Myers and his students do at the beginning of the trip A They went into the rain forest. B They bought acres of rain forest. C They took a boat ride down a riv
46、er. D They visited Costa Ricas active volcano. 【小题 3】 The word “Destruction” in paragraph 2 probably means “the process of being _.” A destroyed B developed C described D discovered. 【小题 4】 When the monkeys saw Myers and his students, they _. A felt excited B felt angry C jumped off the trees D left
47、 the rain forest 【小题 5】 The passage mainly shows that Myers and his students _. A did something to protect rain forest B wanted to buy the rain forest in Costa Rica C were interested in the culture of Costa Rica D went to the rain forest for various fun activities 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 A 【小题
48、4】 B 【小题 5】 A 试题分析：本文叙述了印第安纳州的一所中学的老师迈克 梅尔斯和他的学生为了保护热带雨林，买下了三公顷热带雨林。学生们对热带雨林感到好奇于是决定进行一次旅行去看看热带雨林。他们坐着船顺着一条河流而下，他们看到了短吻鳄和鳄鱼。在热带雨林中，猴子不高兴见到他们，向他们扔树枝。他们还做了一些有趣的活动，像骑马，漂流和参观哥斯达黎加的活火山。 【小题 1】推理判断题。根据 Myers students bought three acres of rain forest in Central America. They paid $25 per acre.可知学生买了 3公顷热带雨林，每公顷是25美元，共是 253=75美元。
