1、2014届高考阅读理解全程冲刺训练（ 16）英语试卷与答案（带解析） 阅读理解 US Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld is likely to visit China at an “appropriate” time this year, a senior Chinese military official said on Monday. Colonel Tu Qiming, director of the American and Oceania Affairs Bureau of the Foreign Affairs Office at the Nat
2、ional Defense Ministry, made the remark during Sino-US defense talks this week. This is the first ever “special defense policy dialogue” between the two defense ministries, according to the Chinese military. FRANCES Agriculture Ministry has confirmed(证实 )the first case of mad cow disease detected in
3、 a goat last Friday. The goat killed in 2002 tested positive for mad cow disease. It is the first case in the world of the fatal disease being found in an animal other than a bovine. The human form of mad cow disease causes brain-wasting, personality change, loss of body function, and ends in death.
4、 The European Commission has not advised any change in farming and consuming goats, said the French Ministry in a statement published last Friday. MOBILE phone sales hit a new record in 2010, with some 684 million units sold around the world, the US research institute Strategy Analytics said on Thur
5、sday. The number represents an increase of 32 per cent over 2003, when 571 million units were sold. Strategy Analytics predicts a more modest rise of 8 per cent for this year, to 735 million. Finnish cell phone provider Nokia stayed out in front in 2010, with sales of 207.6 million units, giving it
6、a market share of 30.4 per cent. Motorola moved to No 2, just ahead of the South Korean company Samsung. SIX male penguins(雄企鹅 )at a German zoo are proving stubbornly resistant to females brought in from Sweden to make them into breeding(繁殖 ).Of the ten male penguins at the zoo, six have formed into
7、 “homosexual” couples and have shown no interest in the females, making breeding an impossibility. So the zoo imported the four female penguins from Sweden last month, full of hope that the new arrivals could “turn” the males. But so far, the boys are remaining strictly with the boys. 【小题 1】 How man
8、y countries are mentioned in the pieces of news A Six. B Five. C Three. D Seven. 【小题 2】 Which will probably reach the sales of 735 million units in 2010 A Nokia. B Motorola. C Samsung. D Cell phones. 【小题 3】 From the fourth piece of news we know that_. A the scientists havent succeeded in doing their
9、 experiment B the scientists have successfully got six female penguins into breeding. C the Sweden girls made the boys show interest in them D German boys dont like Sweden boys 【小题 4】 Which of the following are the suitable headlines for the pieces of news A a. US Defense Secretary Visit Likely b. F
10、rance Confirms “Mad Goat Case” c. Mobile Phone Sales d. Male Penguins and Female Penguins B a. US Defense Secretary Visit Likely b. France Confirms “Mad Goat Case” c. Nokia Stays on Top d. Birds of a Feather C a. Defense Policy Dialogue b. Mad Goat Disease c. Mobile Phone Sales d. Importing Female P
11、enguins D a. Sino-US Talks b. Mad Goat Case c. Motorolas Sales Reduced d. Boys and Girls 答案： 【小题 1】 D 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 B 【小题 1】提示 :文中提到美国、中国、法国、芬兰、韩国、德国、瑞典。 答案： :D 【小题 2】提示 :571 million,684million,735 million均指手机销售总量。 答案： :D 【小题 3】提示 :从 show no interest和 boys stay with boys可知试验没成功。 答案： :A 【小
12、题 4】提示 :只有 B能表达各则新闻的主旨，其中 Birds of a Feather意为 “物以类聚，鸟以群分 ”。 答案： :B His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he ha
13、d done. My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar system. “You appear to be astonished, ” Holmes said, smiling at my expression. “Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it. You see, I
14、 consider that a mans brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose: A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of
15、 other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it. It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest
16、importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones.” “But the Solar System! ” I protested. “What the deuce is it to me ” he interrupted impatiently. One morning, I picked up a magazine from the table and attempted to while away the time with it, while my companion munched
17、silently at his toast. One of the articles had a pencil mark at the heading, and I naturally began to run my eye through it. Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life, ” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came
18、 in his way. It struck me as being a remarkable mixture of shrewdness and of absurdity. The reasoning was close and intense, but the deduction appeared to me to be far-fetched and exaggerated. The writer claimed by a momentary expression, a twitch of a muscle or a glance of an eye, to fathom a mans
19、inmost thought. Deceit, according to him, was impossibility in the case of one trained to observation and analysis. His conclusions were as infallible as so many propositions of Euclid. So startling would his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by which he had arr
20、ived at them they might well consider him as a necromancer. “From a drop of water, ”said the writer, “a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduc
21、tion and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it. ” This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it. 【小题 1】 What is the authors at
22、titude toward Holmes APraising. BCritical. CIronical. DDistaste. 【小题 2】 What way did the author take to stick out Holmes uniqueness ABy deduction. BBy explanation. CBy contrast. DBy analysis. 【小题 3】 What was the Holmes idea about knowledge-learning ALearning what every body learned. BLearning what w
23、as useful to you. CLearning whatever you came across. DLearning what was different to you. 【小题 4】 What did the article mentioned in the passage talk about AOne may master the way of reasoning through observation. BOne may become rather critical through observation and analysis. COne may become rathe
24、r sharp through observation and analysis. DOne may become practical through observation and analysis. Vocabulary 1.Thomas Carlyle 托马斯 卡莱尔 1795-1881美国作家、历史家、哲学家 2.jumble (up) 搞乱，使混乱 3.lay hand on (upon) sth. 抓住，找到 4.at best 最好的情况下 5.elbow out (off) 用胳膊肘挤出，推出 6.deuce = devil what the deuce is it to me
25、 这里表示福尔摩斯的厌恶心理。 义：这倒霉的词儿与我有什么关系？ 7.while away the time 消磨 /打发时间 8.shrewdness 机敏，敏锐，犀利 9.far-fetched 牵强附会，不自然 10.fathom 看穿 /透，推测，探索 11.infallible 一贯正确 12.uninitiated 对某事无知的 13.Euclid 欧几里德（古希腊数学家） 14.necromancer 巫师 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 C 难句译注 1.A fool takes in all the lumber of every
26、sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it. 【结构简析】主从句结构，主句 A fool 后跟 lumber的定从 that he comes across。从句 so that 中有一 knowledge的定从 which; or链接前后两个分
27、词crowded out 与 jumbled up;但第一个 so that 从句又是后面 so that 的主句。 【参考译文】蠢人把他碰到的每种木材（制家具）都拿进来。这样，可能对他有用的知识都被挤出去；最好的情况下，也是和其他种种事情混在一起，所以他就很难抓住知识。 2.Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life, ” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of
28、 all that came in his way. 【结构简析】并列句，连词 and后的句中有宾从 how much 。 【参考译文】这片文章稍有炫耀的标题是 “生命之书 ”。它想证明一个善于观察的人通过对他经历到的一切事情都进行真正地系统地考察可以学到多少东西。 3.So startling would his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by which he had arrived at them they might well consider him as a nec
29、romancer. 【结构简析】复合主从句， so that句型。 So句是倒装。正常句型应为： His results would appear so startling to the uninitiated that ， that句中又是主从句，从句用 until连接，中插 by which定语从句修饰 the processes。 【参考译文】他的结论对无知的人来说是那么惊人，所以他们很可能认为他是个巫师，除非他们学会了他用以得出结论的过程。 4.Like all other arts, the Science of Deduction and Analysis is one which
30、 can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it. 【结构简析】并列句， nor连接。前一句中有定语从句 which修饰 one，后一句nor为否定词。 【参考译文】像所有的其他艺术一样，演绎分析科学是一种通过长期默默的研究，可以习得的学问，而我们的生命并不长得足以使任何凡人都能在这一领域取得可能是臻美的成就。 写作方法与文章大意 这是一篇 “传记 ”，作者采用以反衬正的对比
31、手法写出了福尔摩斯之惊人才华。第一句话开明宗旨 “他的无知和他的有知一样卓越惊人 ”，接着就是种种无知，达到突出其有知的成就。两方面表达，一是福尔摩斯对无知 的解释：不能照单全收；二是作者的反对见解衬托福之才华超人，能一滴水见大海。 【小题 1】 A 赞扬。作者以无知烘托人物之有知，以他本人的反对批评观点来证明人物的正确。否定及所谓机刺旨在铺垫。正反对比赞扬福之精明强悍，才智超人，洞察力强。 【小题 2】 C 作者采用对比手法。 【小题 3】 B 学习对你有用之物。第二段福之表白，他把头脑比作一个小小的空屋，不能随意选择家具（知识）塞满空间，应选择 “有用之才 ”，免得填满了废物，把有用之才挤
32、出去。 【小题 4】 C 通过观察和分析人会变得很敏锐。最后二段都是讲福所写文章的内容。善于观察和分析的人可以一眼看透人之本质，一点水能知大西洋。这种一叶知秋的本领是通过长期观察、分析研究而得。也就是说，通过观察分析，人可以变得敏感聪慧，因为万物都有联系。 Alex London Research Laboratory (ALRL) is part of Alex Co., Ltd., a major Australian medicine-making company. Opened in 1992, ALRL specializes in the development of new me
33、dicines for the treatment of heart diseases A position is now open for a Research Operations Manager(ROM) to support our growing research team at the new laboratories in Hatfield， due to open in the autumn of 2010 Reporting to the Director， you will help set up and run the technical and scientific s
34、upport services of our new laboratories now under construction You will be expected to provide expert knowledge about and be in charge of all areas of ALRLS Health and Safety， and to communicate (沟通 )with support employees at ALRLS laboratories based at University College London Working closely with
35、 scientists and other operations and technical employees， you will manage a small number of research support employees providing services to help with the research activities to be carried out at the new laboratories Candidates(申请人 ) will have experience of both management and research support techn
36、ical services Knowledge of research operations and excellent communication skills are necessary. Education to degree level is also desirable If you are interested in this position， please send your CV(简历 )to Alex London Research Laboratory， University College London， Hatfield， London， W1E 6B7 or by
37、email to ALRLalex.co.uk For more Information please visit www.alex.co.uk 【小题 1】 What can be learnt about the new laboratories from the text A They have not yet been set up B They are in Hatfield， Australia C They belong to University College London D They are new workplaces for Australian researcher
38、s only 【小题 2】 What are the duties of a ROM， according to the text a. To carry out research activities b. To be in charge of ALRLs Health and Safety c. To help run the technical and scientific support services d. To manage a small number of research support employees 高考资源网 A The technical skills of a
39、 wouldbe ROM B The practical experience of a wouldbe ROM C The personal information of a wouldbe ROM D The necessary requirements for a wouldbe ROM 【小题 4】 What is the purpose of the text A To describe the job of a ROM B To provide information about ALRL C To announce an open position at ALRL D To ma
40、ke known the opening of the new laboratories 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 C 本篇文章为应用性文题。提供了 Alex Co., Ltd招聘一名 ROM的信息，并对要招聘的职位提出了具体的要求。 【小题 1】答案： A 考点：细节理解题。 ：根据文章第二段可知新的实验室还未建立。 【小题 2】答案： C 考点：细节理解题。 ：依据文章第三自然段， You will help set up and run the technical and scientific support services ;You will be expected tobe in charge of all areas of ALRLs Health and Safety; you will manage a small number of research support employees 可得答案：。 【小题 3】答案： D 考点：主旨大意题。 ：依据第四段提供的信息，申请人要有管理和技术服务的经验、研究操作的知识及极好的交际技能等可知本段主要谈及对应聘职位者的具体能力要求。 【小题 4】答案： C 考点：写作目的题。 ：本篇文章为广告招聘。目的自然是让大家了解 ALRL公司有一公开招聘的职位。
