1、2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语(福建卷带解析) 其他 阅读下面短文,根据以下提示: 1)汉语提示, 2)首字母提示, 3)语境提示,在每个空格内填人一个适当的英语单词,所填单词要求意义准确,拼写正确,并将该词完整地写在答题卡中相应的横线上。 Many of us were raised with the saying Waste not, want not.” None of us, 【小题 1】_h , can completely avoid waste in our lives. Any kind of waste is thoughtless. Whether we was
2、te our potential talents, our own time, our limited natural【小题 2】 (资源) ,our money, or other peoples time, each of us can become more aware and careful. The smallest good habits can make a big【小题 3】 _d . Its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our【小题4】 h in a world that is in serious tr
3、ouble. By focusing on【小题 5】 (节省) oil, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing a part【小题 6】 cutting down on waste. We must keep reminding 【小题 7】 (白己) that it is easier to get into something【小题 8】 it is to get out of it. Actually, severe damage【小题 9】 d _to our land is fairly recent in the his
4、tory of our evolution. Its time for us to【小题 10】 _no to waste so that our grandchildrens children will be able to develop well. We cant solve all the problems of waste, but we can encourage mindfulness. Waste not! 答案: 【小题 1】 however 【小题 2】 resources 【小题 3】 difference 【小题 4】 best 【小题 5】 saving 【小题 6】
5、 in 【小题 7】 ourselves 【小题 8】 than 【小题 9】 done 【小题 10】 Say 试题分析: 【小题 1】 however。句意:然而,在我们的生活中,没有人能完全避免浪费。位于句 中,前后都有逗号,用副词,所以填 however。 【小题 2】 resources。作 waste的宾语,故用名词形式,且用名词复数。 【小题 3】 difference。句意:最小的好习惯也会产生不同。 Make a difference是固定用法,意思是产生不同。 【小题 4】 best。 Try ones best是固定用法,意思是尽某人最大的努力。 【小题 5】 savin
6、g。介词 on之后用动词的 -ing形式。 【小题 6】 in。 play a part in是固定用法,意思是对 . 有影响。 【小题 7】 ourselves。句意:我们必须不断的提醒我们自己,所以填反身代词ourselves。 【小题 8】 than。这里进行比较,所以用比较句式,故填 than。 【小题 9】 done。 “严重危害 ”和 “作用于 ”之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。 【小题 10】 say。句意:是时候对 “浪费 ”说不了。 It is time for sb. to do sth.是固定用法,意思是是时候做某事了。 考点:考查语法填空 单项选择 * In som
7、e countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in , knives and forks. A another B others C both D all 答案: B 试题分析: Some others 是固定用法,意思是一些 另一些 。这里表示 “一些国家 , 另一些国家。 Another 又一个; both 两者都; all 全部。所以选 B。句意:在一些国家,人们用筷子吃饭,然而在另一些国家,人们用刀子和叉子。 考点:考查固定用法。 I cant remember those grammar rules! _. Practice more.
8、 A Youre not alone B Its hard to say C Im afraid not D Its up to you 答案: A 试题分析:下文说 “多练习 ”。解题方法就是把各个选项依次带入,看哪一个符合语境。 you are not alone你并不孤单; Its hard to say很难说; Im afraid not我恐怕不; Its up to you由你决定。四个选项中只有 A选项最合适,所以选 A。句意,上文,我记不住那些语法规则!下文,你并不孤单。多练习。 考点:考查交际用语。 Pick yourself up. Courage is doing your
9、e afraid to do. A that B what C how D whether 答案: B 试题分析:这里含有一个宾语从句,引导词在从句中作 do之后的宾语,故用what,所以选 B。句意:振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕去做的事情。 【知识拓展】 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether,和疑问词( what, how, where, when .)。 考点:考查宾语从句。 As a grassroots singer, she reads everythin
10、g she can concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself. A catch sight of B get hold of C take charge of D make mention of 答案: B 试题分析:这里意思是 “她读能够找到的关于音乐的一切,并且抓住每一个提高自己的机会 ”。 catch sight of 看见; Get hold of找到某物以供使用; take charge of控制; make mention of提到,所以选 B。句意:作为一名草根歌手,她阅读能够找到的关于音乐的
11、一切,并且抓住每一个提高自己的机会。 考点:考查短语词义辨析及语境理解。 no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. A Were there B Had there been C If there are D If there have been 答案: A 试题分析:对现在情况的虚拟,条件句中用一般过去时,主句用 “ would/ should/ might/ could +动词原形。虚拟条件句中有 had, should, were时,可以
12、将 if去掉,然后把 had, should, were提到主语前面。所以选 A。句意:如果没有现代的通信,我们将会等上几周的时间才能得到来自世 界的新闻。 【知识拓展】 虚拟条件句的基本类型与结构。一、与现在事实相反。若与现在事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式 (be通常用 were),主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might)+动词原形 ”。二、与过去事实相反。若与过去事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时 (had+过去分词 ),主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词 ”。三、与将来事实相反。
13、若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式 (be通常用 were),主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might)+动词原形 ”。 考点:考查虚拟条件句。 Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth. A who B when C which D where 答案: D 试题分析:首先分析句子结构,可知这里含有一个定语从句,且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词 where,所以选 D。句意:学生应该参加社团活动,在那里
14、他们可以获得成长的经验。 【知识拓展】 被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它需要放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词 ,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 考点:本题考查定语从句。 For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying_. A connected B co
15、nnecting C to connect D to be connected 答案: A 试题分析: “个人电脑和手机 ”与 “联系 ”之间是被动关系,故用过去分词,所以选 A。句意:对于那些远离家人的人来说,个人电脑和电话在与家人保持联络方面起着很重要的作用。 Stay是系动词,用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度 考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。 It was the culture, rather than the language, _made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad A where B why C t
16、hat D what 答案: C 试题分析:这个句子中含有 it was,首先要考虑所给题目是不是一个强调句。把 It was和横线去掉,发现句意仍然完整清楚,所以说这里就是一个强调句。强调句的基本结构是 it is / was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子的其他成分,所以用that,所以选 C。句意:是文化,而不是语言,使得他很难适应国外的新的环境。 【知识拓展】 强调句的句型 1. 陈述句的强调句型, It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语) + that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人) + 其他部分。 2. 一般疑问句的强调句型,同上,只是把 is/ w
17、as提到 it前面。 3. 特殊疑问句的强调句型,被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词) + is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分?4.not until 句型的强调句, 句型为: It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分。 考点:考查强调句。 The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, , reaching 30C in summer. A if not B if ever C if any D if so 答案: B 试题分析:这里意思是 “夏天
18、的温度很少达到 30度 ”。 if not 要不; If ever很少;if any如果真有的话; if so假如这样的话。所以选 B。句意:这里的气候非常好,夏天的温度很少达到 30度。 考点:考查短语词义辨析及语境理解。 Our club is open to everyone _ age, sex or educational background. A due to B except for C along with D regardless of 答案: D 试题分析: Regardless of是固定用法,意思是无论 。 due to由于; except for除 之外; alon
19、g with和 一起; regardless of无论。这里意思是 “无论年龄,性别或是教育背景 ”,所以选 D。句意:我们的俱乐部对每个人都开放,无论年龄,性别或是教育背景。 考点:考查短语词义辨析及语境理解。 Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been I went to Ningxia and there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. A stayed B stay C had stayed D am staying 答案: A 试题分析: and连接并列谓语。 And之前是一般过去时。所以
20、and之后也要用一般过去时来保持时态的一致,故用动词的过去式,所以选 A。句意:上文,好久没见到你了!你去哪里了?下文,我去了宁夏,并且在那里待了一年,作为一名志愿者在那里教书。 考点:考查动词时态。 With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as a(n) way of reaching target customers. A temporary B complex C accurate D efficient 答案: D 试题分析:这里表示 “网络被看作是获得消费者的最有效的方法 ”。 temporary
21、 临时的; complex 复杂的; accurate 精确的; Efficient有效的,所以选 D。句意:随着网上购物的快速流行,网络被看作是获得消费者的最有效的方法。 考点:考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。 It is widely acknowledged that students should be in terms of overall quality. A supported B matched C evaluated D controlled 答案: C 试题分析:这里意思是 “普遍认为应该根据学生的全部素养来评估他们 ”。supported 支持; matched 相配; E
22、valuated评估; controlled控制,所以选 C。句意:普遍认为应该根据学生的全部素养来评估他们。 考点:考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。 Could you tell me the_ of making such tasty cakes Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook. A feature B plan C cost D trick 答案: D 试题分析:这里表示 “你能告诉我做如此美味蛋糕的诀窍吗 ”。 Feature特征;plan计划; cost花费; trick 诀窍,所以选 D。句意:上文,你能告诉我做如此美
23、味蛋糕的诀窍吗?下文,好吧,我就是按照烹饪书上的说明做的。 考点:考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。 the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age. A Spending B Spent C Having spent D To spend 答案: C 试题分析: “花费 ”和其逻辑主语 “Linda”之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作原因状语。且 “花费 ”的动作明显早于 “看起来成熟 ”这个动作。表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作,用现在分词的完成时。句意:
24、由于 Linda过去几年在香港作交换留学生,所以她看起来比她的实际年龄更成熟。 考点:考查非谓语动 词的用法。 完型填空 From my second grade on, there was one event I feared every year: the piano recital(独奏演唱会 ). A recital _I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers. Each year I _ask my father if I could skip the recital “just th
25、is once”. And each year he would shake his head, muttering(嘀咕 ) _about build self-confidence and working toward a _. So it was with really great_that I stood in church one recent Sunday, video camera in hand, and _my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt _rising to play the piano in his very firs
26、t recital. My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldnt _lessons. He could have gone on regretting it, _too many of us do. But though he was rooted in his past, he wasnt _there. When he retired three years ago, he _ his church music director to take him as
27、a student. For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard, he _stared down at his fingers. Has he forgotten the _ I worried, remembering those split seconds_ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would _. But then came the beautiful melody(旋律 ), from the _fingers that once baited(装饵于
28、) my fishing lines. And I_he had been doing what music teachers always stress:_ _the music and pretend the others arent there. “Im _of him for starting something new at his age,” I said to my son Jeff. “Yeah, and doing it so_,” Jeff added. With his first recital, my father taught me more about coura
29、ge and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago. 【小题1】 A reflected B explained C meant D proved A would B could C might D should A nothing B everything C anything D something A goal B stage C journey D chance A trouble B satisfaction C strength D disappointment A kept B sent
30、C watched D felt A through B from C against D before A miss B afford C select D understand A as B once C if D while A educated B protected C stuck D spoilt A allowed B invited C inspired D persuaded A roughly B simply C merrily D curiously A words B videos C notes D lessons A decades B weeks C hours
31、 D moments A play B freeze C click D adjust A same B warm C different D dirty A predicted B realized C imagined D insisted A pass over B turn up C bring in D concentrate on A ashamed B aware C tired D proud A casually B anxiously C nicely D frequently 答案: 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 A 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 B
32、 【小题 6】 C 【小题 7】 D 【小题 8】 B 【小题 9】 A 【小题 10】 C 【小题 11】 D 【小题 12】 B 【小题 13】 C 【小题 14】 A 【小题 15】 B 【小题 16】 A 【小题 17】 B 【小题 18】 D 【小题 19】 D 【小题 20】 C 试题分析:本文是记叙题材。主要讲了作者本来很反感练琴,但是父亲的行为感动了自己。父亲一直渴望弹钢琴,但是由于家庭贫穷,没有学成琴,而 68岁的他,并没有放弃自己的梦想,成功演奏出了美妙的乐曲,在他那个年龄,还能开始新的东西,我为此感到骄傲。作者认为他的实际行动比 30多年以前说的话更有感染力。 【小题 1
33、】 C。考查动语 :根据 I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers.可知这里意思是独奏会意味着我必须练习一首无聊的乐曲。 reflected 反射; explained 解释; Meant意味着; proved证明。 【小题 2】 A。考查时态 :根据 And each year he would shake his head, muttering(嘀咕 ) _about build self-confidence and working toward a _. 表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动
34、作或存在的状态,用过去将来时。 【小题 3】 D。考查代词 :根据下文 about building self-confidence and working towards a可知父亲嘴里嘀咕了一些事情。 Nothing没有事情; everything每件事物; anything任何东西; something有些事情。 【小题 4】 A。考查名词 :根据 build self-confidence and working toward a _.可知 这里意思是建立自信,朝着一个目标努力。 Goal目标; stage舞台; journey旅行; chance机会。 【小题 5】 B。考查名词 :
35、根据下文我的父亲开始他的第一次独奏,所以这是很令人满意的。 Trouble麻烦; satisfaction满意; strength力量; disappointment失望。 【小题 6】 C。考查动词 :根据 my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt可知我是看到我的父亲直流汗。 kept 保持; sent 送; Watch看到; felt感觉。 【小题 7】 D。考查连词 :父亲是在第一次演奏之前,直流汗。 through通过;from从 ; against 反对; Before在 之前。 【小题 8】 B。考查动词 :根据 My father h
36、ad longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor可知他的家庭很贫穷,付不起学费。 miss错过;Afford付得起; select选择; understand明白。 【小题 9】 A。考查连词 :句意,他可以像我们大多数人一样去后悔。 As像;once一旦 ; if如果; while然而。 【小题 10】 C。考查动词 :根据 But though he was rooted in his past, he wasnt _there.可知这里意思是尽管他生根于过去,却没有被粘在那里。educated 教育; pro
37、tected保护; Stuck粘贴; spoilt变质。 【小题 11】 D。考查句型 :他说服教堂音乐主管收他为学生。 Persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事。 Allowed允许; invited邀请; inspired鼓舞; persuaded说服。 【小题 12】 B。考查副词 :根据 Has he forgotten the _ 可知父亲坐在琴键前,仅仅向下盯着自己的手指。 roughly粗略地; Simply仅仅; merrily快乐地;curiously好奇地。 【小题 13】 C。考查名词 :根据 I worried, remembering those
38、split seconds_ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would _.可知这里意思是他忘记音符 了吗? words话; videos录像; notes音符; lessons功课。 【小题 14】 A。考查名词 :根据最后一句话作者认为他的行动比 30多年以前说的话更有感染力。可知作者想起了自己十多年前,我的思想一片空白。Decades十年; weeks几星期; hours几小时; moments片刻。 【小题 15】 B。考查动词 :头脑一片空白,手指就会像结冰一样。 play演奏;Freeze使结冰; click极成功; a
39、djust调整。 【小题 16】 A。考查形容词 :但是,那个时候,传出了优美的旋律,来自于曾经装鱼线的相同的 手。 Same相同的; warm温暖的; different不同的; dirty脏的。 【小题 17】 B。考查动词 :根据 _the music and pretend the others arent there. 我意识到了他做了音乐老师总是强调的事情。 predicted预测; Realized意识到; imagined想象; insisted坚持。 【小题 18】 D。考查短语 :根据 and pretend the others arent there.可知专注于音乐,假
40、装其他人不存在。 pass over 忽视; turn up 出现; bring in 带进来;Concentrate on专心于。 【小题 19】 D。考查短语 :根据 With his first recital, my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.可知在他那个年龄,还能开始新的东西,我为此感到骄傲。 ashamed惭愧的;aware意识到; tired疲倦的; Be proud of为 骄傲。 【小题 20】
41、 C。考查副词 :根据 But then came the beautiful melody(旋律 ), from the _fingers that once baited(装饵于 ) my fishing lines.可知完成的是那样漂亮。casually偶然地; anxiously担忧地; Nicely漂亮地; frequently频繁地。 考点:考查故事类短文 阅读理解 As has been all too apparent in recent days at Balcombe, few issues cause greater concern than energy policy.
42、 Many village communities feel their countryside is being ruined by the power-producing machines of wind farms; yet they never take direct action, even though the planning laws put them at a severe disadvantage. And the generous subsidies (财政补贴 ) , which encourage the expansion of wind power, are no
43、t favorable to the village communities and set landowners in conflict with other residents (居民 ) . Those who disagree with the rapid expansion of wind farms state that the damage they cause is out of proportion(比例 ) to the benefits they bring, because their energy output cannot match that of the car
44、bon-based power stations they are supposed to replace. Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables, nuclear and carbon, and that the country is committed to meeting EU ( European Union) targets for non-carbon energy generation. ZXXK Against this background, the fact that there is
45、 an argument within the Government over whether to publish an official report on wind farms impact on the countryside becomes even more extraordinary. The two parties in the coalition (联合 ) government are in disagreement over what it should say. We have some advice for the two parties: publish the r
46、eport, and let the country be the judge. Even if it contains evidence that wind farms are harmful, it will hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who do not like them. Equally, supporters must argue their case by acknowledging the concerns and explaining why they are either misplaced or worthy of m
47、uch attention. The suggestion that further negotiations are to take place to produce an acceptable report suggests that the politics of coalition government are doing the country harm in a certain way. Given the sensitivities involved, all the information should be available so that people can reach
48、 their own conclusions, rather than being left with the suspicion(猜疑) that facts are being replaced by political beliefs. 【小题 1】 We can learn from the first paragraph that_. A energy policy catches much attention of the public B the residents are in favor of the expansion of wind farms C many village commun