1、同步 2014年北师大版高中英语选修十一第三十一单元练习卷与答案 3（带解析） 单项选择 * This is _ that dog. A as a big dog as B as big a dog as C a as big dog as D a big as dog as 答案： B After many years of hard work， the man has finally reached the stage_he has gained good fortune and social status. A where B that C which D why 答案： A There
2、 is _ word in the dictionary. A no such B not a such C no such a D not such 答案： A Chinas reform and opening has been going on for _ is like about 30 years now and its really quite remarkable. A that B which C what D it 答案： C Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we_. A
3、 will expect B are expecting C expect D had expected 答案： D 阅读理解 People diet to look more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australi
4、an scientists. The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding （繁殖） rights within the group,” explains Marian Wong. “All other
5、 group members are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.” The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger compet
6、itor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up. It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily, by re
7、straining how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights,
8、over having a feast. The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping
9、 their competitors small. While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical （等级的） societies remain stable. The research has proved the fact that voluntary
10、 dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature,” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness,
11、 rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females own ideal.” 【小题 1】 When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it . A faces danger B has breeding rights C eats its competitor D leaves the group itself 【小题 2】 The
12、 underlined words “the evicted fish” in Paragraph 3 refer to . A the fish beaten up B the fish found out C the fish fattened up D the fish driven away 【小题 3】 The experiment showed that the smaller fish . A fought over a feast B went on diet willingly C preferred some extra food D challenged the boss
13、 fish 【小题 4】 What is the text mainly about A Fish dieting and human dieting. B Dieting and health. C Human dieting. D Fish dieting. 答案：【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 D 【小题 1】细节推断题。从第二段 each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor.可以判断出小于 5 - 10%的未来最大的竞争对手。 【小题 2】词义判断题。由上句 it causes a
14、 fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not， 可以推断出 D的答案：。 【小题 3】细节判断题。从第三段最后一句话中可知道，拒绝供给他们额外的食物，而保持小 ,避免战 斗。故选 B。 【小题 4】主题概括题。从文章中的一段和最后一段：研究已经证明了这一事实 ,节食是自愿的习惯远非人类 书面表达 假如你叫李平，是一位成绩优秀的学生，你班班主任在安排座位时，让成绩好的学生和成绩差的学生作同桌，这在你们班成绩优秀的学生中引起了反响，班会课上大家就
15、此进行了讨论。现在请你根据下表把讨论结果向班主任写一封信反映一下，并说出自己的观点。 赞同 反对 你的观点 1人人有长处和不足，成绩差的学生也有可取之处； 2相互学习，建立友谊； 3通过帮助学习差的学生的学习从而使他们建立自信。 1 部分学习差的学生常常上课说话、违反校规校纪，担心自己会受影响，会养成坏习惯。 2老是问问题，使自己不能专心学习。 注意： 1词数： 100字左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 2短文需包括表中所有要点，内容可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。 3参考词汇：成绩差的学生： a slower student 自信： self-confidence Dear Mr. Zhang, We have held a discussion about whether it is good or not for a top student to share a desk with a slower student. _ 答案：见
