1、2012年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（山东卷带解析） 单项选择 * When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or _. A whoever B wherever C whatever D however 答案： A After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _. A providing B provided C having provided D provide 答案： B The mana
2、ger was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers _. A will leave B are leaving C have left D were leaving 答案： D Be _ you cant expect me to finish all this work in so little time. A reasonable B confident C creative D grateful 答案： A A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing
3、a year ago but ruins. A when B where C before D until 答案： B I dont know about you, but Im sick and tired of this weather. _. I cant stand all this rain. A I dont care B Its hard to say C So am I D I hope not 答案： C If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. A haven
4、t made B wouldnt make C didnt make D hadnt made 答案： D Being able to afford _ drink would be _ comfort in those tough times. A the; the B a; a C a; 不填 D不填； a 答案： B After Jack had sent some e-mails, he _ working on his project. A had started B has started C started D starts 答案： C He smiled politely _
5、Mary apologized for her drunken friends. A as B if C unless D though 答案： A George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him. A to be told B telling C being told D told 答案： A It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A how B whether C what D why 答案： B My first _
6、 of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. A expression B attention C satisfaction D impression 答案： D Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been made into television series. A them B that C which D what 答案： C Sorry Im late. I got stuck in traffic. _. Youre here now. Come in and
7、sit down. A You are welcome B Thats right C I have no idea D Never mind 答案： D 完型填空 Whenever we hear about “the homeless”, most of us think of the Developing world. But the 36 is that homelessness is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 37 coun
8、try like Germany Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 38 for the homeless of Berlin, Germanys capital. They first 39 one long hot summer when most Germans were 40 on holiday. Kurt and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches, 41 a table in the street and gave food to the home
9、less. The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing werent 42 . “What these people also need is warmth and 43 ,” says Rita. The Mullers didnt 44 to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Rita 45 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home wa
10、s always 46 to anyone who couldnt face another night on the street. The couple were soon 47 all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 48 donations. Today, over thirty companies 49 donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 50 them to the homeless.
11、The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 51 new shoes. Kurt and Rita receive no 52 for their hard work. “ We feel like parents,” says Rita, “and parents shouldnt 53 money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary.” Though Rita admits she often gets 54
12、 . She says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 55 in the world. 【小题1】 A result B truth C reason D idea A traditional B developing C typical D wealthy A preparations B houses C meals D suggestions A began B met C called D left A asleep B alone C across D aw
13、ay A brought up B set up C put aside D gave away A enough B necessary C helpful D expensive A fame B freedom C courage D caring A hesitate B agree C pretend D intend A make sense B found out C make sure D worked out A open B crowded C noisy D near A costing B wasting C taking D spending A pay for B
14、ask for C look into D carry out A completely B calmly C regularly D roughly A advertise B sell C deliver D lend A donates B produces C designs D collects A permission B payment C direction D support A borrow B raise C save D expect A surprised B excited C tired D amused A profit B difference C decis
15、ion D rule 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 D 【小题 6】 B 【小题 7】 A 【小题 8】 D 【小题 9】 A 【小题 10】 C 【小题 11】 A 【小题 12】 D 【小题 13】 B 【小题 14】 C 【小题 15】 C 【小题 16】 A 【小题 17】 B 【小题 18】 D 【小题 19】 C 【小题 20】 B 阅读理解 The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological
16、disaster area. Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequence other countries might learn from its mistakes. For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British
17、captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island. However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the
18、twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900. Naurus real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐 )on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which a ve
19、ry important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate. A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, th
20、e lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon. In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate. Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addi
21、tion, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $
22、433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen. 【小题 1】 What might be the authors purpose in writing the text A To seek help for Naurus problems. B To give a warning to other countries C To show the importance of money D To tell a heartbreaking story of a war
23、. 【小题 2】 What was Nauru like before the Europeans came A Rich and powerful B Modern and open C Peaceful and attractive D Greedy and aggressive 【小题 3】 The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from _. A soil pollution B phosphate overmining C farming activity D whale hunting 【小题 4】 Which of the follo
24、wing was a cause of Naurus financial problem A Its leaders misused the money B It spent too much repairing the island C Its phosphate mining cost much money D It lost millions of dollars in the civil war. 【小题 5】 What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph A The ecological damage is difficu
25、lt to repair. B The leaders will take the experts words seriously. C The island was abandoned by the Nauruans D The phosphate mines were destroyed 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 A One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusua
26、l. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quota
27、tions (引文 )showing how it was used. This was a huge task. So Murrary had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor wa
28、s an American Surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,” 50 miles from Oxford. Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next years, he became one of the staffs most valu
29、ed contributors. But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897， Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum for the Criminally insane. Murray
30、 and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds. In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asyl
31、um in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend. Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and
32、 devoted asylum patient. 【小题 1】 According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary _. A came out before minor died B was edited by an American volunteer C included the English words invented by Murray D was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary 【小题 2】 How did Dr. Minor contrib
33、uted to the dictionary A He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers. B He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray. C He provided a great number of words and quotations D he went to England to work with Murray. 【小题 3】 Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford A He was shut in an asylum B H
34、e lived far from Oxford C He was busy writing a book D He disliked traveling 【小题 4】 Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because _. A they both served in the Civil War. B They had a common interest in words C Minor recovered with the help of Murray D Murray went to America regularly to v
35、isit Minor 【小题 5】 Which of the following best describe Dr. Minor A Brave and determined B Cautious and friendly C Considerate and optimistic D Unusual and scholarly 【小题 6】 What does the text mainly talk about A The history of the English language. B The friendship between Murray and Minor C Minor an
36、d the first Oxford English Dictionary D Broadmoor Asylum and is patients 答案： 【小题 1】 D 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 B 【小题 5】 D 【小题 6】 C San Francisco has its cable cars. Seattle has its Space Needle. And, Longview has its squirrel bridge. The bridge, which has attracted international attention, is now a
37、local landmark. The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in 1963 by a local builder, Amos Peters, to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars. The original bridge was built over Olympia Way on the west edge of the library grounds. Before the bridge was built, s
38、quirrels had to avoid traffic to and from the Park Plaza office building where office staff put out a nutty feast for the squirrels. Many times, Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over. One day Peters found a dead squirrel with a nut still in its mouth,
39、 and that days coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety. The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask the blessing of the City Council(市政会 ).The Council approved, and Councilwoman Bess LaRiviere named the bridge “Nutty Narrows.” After architect
40、s designed the bridge, Amos Peters and Bill Hutch started Construction, They built the 60-foot bridge from aluminum and lengths of fire hose(消防水带 ). It cost 1,000. It didnt take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started. Squirrels were even seen guiding their young and teaching them
41、the ropes. The story was picked up by the media, and Nutty Narrows became know in newspapers all over the world. In 1983, after 20 years of use, Peters took down the worn-out bridge. Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced. The faded sign was repainted and in July 1983, hundreds of animal lo
42、vers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge. Peters died in 1984, and a ten-foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project. 【小题 1】 The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in order to _. A offer squirrels a place to eat nuts B
43、 set up a local landmark C help improve traffic D protect squirrels 【小题 2】 What happened over the coffee break discussion A The committee got the Councils blessing. B The squirrel bridge idea was born C A councilwoman named the bridge D A squirrel was found dead. 【小题 3】 What does the underlined phra
44、se “teaching them the ropes” probably means in the text A passing them a rope B Directing them to store food for winter C Teaching them a lesson D Showing them how to use the bridge. 【小题 4】 Which of the following is true of the squirrel bridge A It was replaced by a longer one. B It was built from w
45、ood and metal. C it was rebuilt after years of use. D It was designed by Bill Hutch. 【小题 5】 What can we learn about Amos Peters A He is remembered for his love of animals. B He donated $1,000 to build the bridge. C He was a member of the City Council. D He was awarded a medal for building the bridge
46、. 答案： 【小题 1】 D 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5】 A For those who are tired doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application). Strange though it may seem “my wife already does that” was a common response amo
47、ng attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) this week Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install (安装 ) a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them “smart”. Last year, it was a refrigerator t
48、hat tweeted. This year, its Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad. The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application. The phone can then be used as a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owners is at work or on the bus. Samsung says its not just something new the app connection actually has some
